grin verlag grin verlag sep 2009 (664 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 1,0, University of Hannover (Englisches Seminar - Lehrgebiet Linguistik), course: English-based Pidgins and Creoles, language: English, abstract: 1. IntroductionIt could be as easy as that: pidgins equal second language acquisition (L2A) and creoles equal first language acquisition (L1A). But does this simple equation work out in reality In the views of some researchers of contact languages and of language acquisition it clearly does. Others have a sceptical attitude towards this hypothesis and suggest different solutions in terms of creolization and acquisition. Creole genesis is a field of linguistic research that has been intensely debated on over the past few decades. Until today, no theory was commonly agreed upon and there are still many diverging explanatory approaches.In my paper, I aim to throw light on this maze of different creole genesis theories. I will use a comparative approach in order to work out the similarities and differences of the researchers¿ views. Often they agree in their overall assumption and only disagree in regard to smaller aspects. In other cases, their opinions are completely controversial and not able to bring in line with each other. In my account, I will also hint at the weak spots of the hypotheses and the criticism they are confronted with.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2006 in the subject Sociology - Political Sociology, Majorities, Minorities, grade: 1,0, Charles University in Prague, language: English, abstract: 15 years after the reunification of Germany, real unity does not seem to appear in neither Western nor Eastern German minds. Instead, we are facing a split-up society with two clearly developed collective identities based on the model ¿We¿ and ¿them¿. How could that happen What comprises the East German identity What are the recent developments Those questions are going to be examined in this essay.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2008 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: Peace and Conflict Studies, Security, grade: 1,3, University of Münster (Institut für Politikwissenschaft), course: Theater Missile Defense in Europe and Asia ¿ A Comparison, language: English, abstract: Strengthening a country¿s defences should neither alarm its neighbours nor lead to an arms race. Despite this theoretical cognition of political sciences, the People¿s Republic of China sees Ballistic Missile Defence as a threat to its national security.The aim of this essay is to explain why the BMD systems of the USA are threatening Chinäs national security. I will show that it is mainly a psychological discourse. Although, or precisely therefore, it is very important for the understanding of Chinäs position and assumptions.We will understand that China faces a security dilemma which is threatening the national security and ultimately lead to an arms race.I will show that the technical aspects here are not as important as the psychological implications. Missile Defence ¿hints at the psychological side of international politics.¿ The US¿s BMD systems may not work well enough to be technically a real threat to any country, but the development and instalment causes Chinäs threat perceptions. BM is used ¿as a saber-rattling show of force, for intimidation in order to reach a political goal or simply as deterrence against a perceived outside threat or imminent attack.¿For the People¿s Republic of China there are two main issues: First, a period of strategic transition between the United States of America and the People¿s Republic of China and second, the US transfer of advanced PAC-3 Systems to Taiwan.¿The negative impact of missile defense deployments on Sino-US relations could potentially be reduced by offsetting them with political and economic measures to reassure China.¿Chinas concerns about missile defence focus mainly on political questions. Thoughts, fears and perceptions of Chinese officials and experts focus on Japanese militarization, the possibility that TMD would encourage Taiwan¿s independence and the uncertainty about US intentions toward China. I will focus on the uncertainty about US intentions but I can¿t leave out the other two aspects totally.We will have a better understanding of the Chinese mind if we are aware of Chinäs principle national priorities. On the one hand the Communist Party wants stay in power. For this reason they need social stability. On the other hand the economic development is very important for the country. It is the goal to have a continued economic growth. Additionally this plays in favour of social stability.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: International Organisations, grade: 1,0, University of Bamberg (Lehrstuhl für Internationale Beziehungen), course: International Institutions, language: English, abstract: When one wants to understand international regimes ¿ their formation, maintenance and breakdown, the best way to begin is to try analysing these aspects by looking at and using theories connected to these specific problems. In our case we have a set of three main theories that are concerned with the wide field of international regimes: interest-based neoliberalism, power-based neorealism and knowledge-based cognitivism. Each of those theories has a unique view of international regimes and the phenomena related to them, although when looked at closer, one notices that they do in fact have several things in common. Of these three, neoliberalism and neorealism are both rooted in and based on the theory of rational choice ¿ that is rationalism. Within the boundaries of rationalism however they do preserve their own interpretations of international regimes. In this essay we will therefore focus on the converging aspects of neoliberalism and neorealism as well as on their differences. Thus in the end it is our goal to show possible ways of how these two rationalistic approaches could be amalgamated so that their advantages may be used in a combined form by future political scientists, not ignoring the difficulties that one faces, when making such an attempt.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Topic: European Union, grade: A-Grade with Distinction, South Bank University London (Faculty of Art and Human Sciences), course: European Policy, language: English, abstract: The essay analyses the question how EU-legislation on economic integration has shaped policy and decision-making processes as a ¿motor of political integration¿. Economic legislation, although on the first look restricted to one policy area and one ¿policy mode¿, can influence other areas and policy modes. Mainly focused on the example of the ¿Services Directive¿ the distribution of power between the EC institutions is analysed. At the same time the limits of economic integration in overcoming other political interests of Member States or interest groups like Trade Unions becomes visible. The Directive is a kind of ¿model case¿ of how a legislative act on economic policy can engage other policy fields, like social policy issues, labour market issues etc. At the same time it shows how economic or structural interests shift the political positions of MS as well as of interest groups, with groups which otherwise would form a solid block suddenly pursuing different goals. Therefore the Directive proves to be a good example of the complex multi-layer decision-making process on EC legislation.[.]Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2009 in the subject Medicine - Surgery, Sports Medicine, grade: Excellent , Maastricht University, language: English, abstract: The goal of this systematic review was to find evidence for a correlation between carotid artery stenosis and perioperative stroke in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Articles were searched in NCBI Pubmed, and appraised based on several criteria, to explore the evidence for a correlation between carotid stenosis and perioperative stroke. A total of 96 articles were found with the search strategy. Also references as well as related articles were screened. A total of six articles matched the criteria and results were accurately analysed. Concluding, the incidence of carotid stenosis is signifiantly higher in stroke patients, comparted to patients without stroke. However, carotid stenosis is the aetiological factor of stroke in just a little number of patients, who suffer from stroke and is more likely an additional co-morbidity, without an independent correlation.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2001 in the subject German Studies - Modern German Literature, grade: 1,00, University of Sussex, language: English, abstract: As far as the moral of the novella ¿Die Stunde der wahren Empfindung¿ is concerned, David Roberts recognizes Peter Handke¿s inability to decide ¿zwischen der existentiellen Symbolik von Tod und Wiedergeburt und der richtungslosen Unbestimmtheit einer Fortsetzungsgeschichte¿ and states that ¿[d]ie Inkonsequenz der Erzählung [.] buchstäblich ohne Konsequenz [ist]¿. Similarly, Gunther Pakendorf regards the story ¿als Verlegenheitslösung, als Zeichen der Auswegslosigkeit und Ohnmacht der Wirklichkeit gegenüber¿.In opposite to these negative interpretations, I will attempt to prove that the protagonist does experience personal development which might lead him to enjoy a positive future. Firstly, the essay will indicate the manner in which Gregor Keuschnig copes with the challenge of discovering hitherto unknown emotional facets of his personality (section II). Thereafter, section III illustrates the alteration in Keuschnig¿s thinking towards the conventional order of things; then section IV investigates Keuschnig¿s change of attitude regarding those things he feels are significant. Finally, section V deals with an alternative relationship between the individual and society.[.]Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 20 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1.3, University of Hull, language: English, abstract: Long-term financing and therefore the question of capital structure is essential for all kinds of business. Every organisation should take into account financing patterns in order to set up a target capital structure, which reduces the cost of capital. The optimal capital structure tends to rely on a variety of factors, such as industry, ownership structure, personal attitude to risk, nationality, and dimension of asymmetric information. Due to the significance, many theories regarding these matters have been developed with sometimes more contradictory explanations.This paper deals with the long-term financing patterns of the Deutsche Lufthansa AG. Firstly, the work gives a brief company¿s profile and investigates its capital structure. Further, the composition of shareholders¿ equity and debts are examined in order to critically asses Lufthansäs rationale for its financing mix. Finally, referred on relevant long-term financing theories, the work summarizes the findings.[.]Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, Coventry University, language: English, abstract: The available resources for organisations are people, knowledge, finance and technology (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2008: 474).¿Strategy is the direction and scope of an organisation over the long term which achieves advantage for the organisation through its configuration of resources within a changing environment and to fulfil stakeholder expectations¿ (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2008: 3). There is an interaction between resources and organisational strategy. The resources can create new strategies, while the strategy provides the framework for the capability of the resources. The success can be enabled by changing the resources to fit the strategy and by developing unique resources to build new strategies on it. In both cases the resources have to be managed efficiently to enable strategic success.For an organisation it is important to be aware of the adjustment between overall business strategy and strategies concerning the resources (Johnson, Scholes and Whittington 2008).BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2.0, Technical University of Braunschweig, language: English, abstract: 1. IntroductionIn the course of this term paper I will analyze three kinds of syntactic movements, which will be the Head Movement, Argument Movement and the Wh-Movement.Initially I will defer to basic knowledge such as Feature Checking, Merge and C-Command since these operations are the basis of syntactic comprehension.After a short introduction I will briefly discuss and explain the Head Movement and the Argument Movement with the help of examples before I focus on the latter, namely the Wh-Movement. This syntactic operation will be the core of this paper. I will try to analyze the latest concepts and approaches to this issue and try to illustrate the way Wh-Movement takes place by several examples.I decided to concentrate on Adger¿s and Radford¿s points of view on this topic since they rate among the most accepted syntacticians worldwide. Despite this I will parse their statements very closely and try to find potential differences or grievances.An interesting question will be whether all operations can be explained in a plausible way or if there are arbitrary assumptions without any evidence.2. Feature CheckingSyntacticians assume that every word of a sentence bears certain features. These features are called categorial-selectional (or c-selectional) features and can be either interpretable or uninterpretable. A noun, for example, bears an interpretable feature [N], a verb [V], an adverbial [Adv] and a preposition the feature [P].A verb cannot stand alone in a sentence but it needs the existence of a subject. In order to explain this phenomenon linguists came to the assumption that a verb has to bear uninterpretable features as well.Since a verb needs the presence of a subject, which usually is a DP, it is assumed that the verb bears next to the interpretable feature [V] the uninterpretable feature [N] (abbreviated [uN]).2.1 MergeThis uninterpretable feature has to be checked and deleted in order to form a grammatically correct sentence. This happens via the operation of Merge. Merge can onlyBooks on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2009 in the subject Organisation and administration - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,5, , language: English, abstract: 1. IntroductionThe 4th November 2008 was an important day for the US citizens and the entire world. This day proved for many that the American dream is still possible. For the first time in history an Afro-American candidate became President of the United States of America. Barrack Hussein Obama, a man with an uncommon background, has managed to win the election clearly with 365 electoral votes against his republican counterpart John McCain, who ended his campaign with 173 votes. Who is this man and how did he realize his goal to become president despite the strong competition and the fact that just 40 years ago, racial segregation still was a major problem in the US Clearly, he was different compared to his rivals in many ways and this finally accounted for his overwhelming result. The following paper shall identify and analyze these success drivers from an organizational behavior perspective. To what extent did he make use of theories discussed in class, like effective leadership and organizational structure To begin with, the authors will provide a brief overview in regard to the US American election system, a major reason, why the nation was ready for reconsiderations and change. An initial descriptive discussion of Obamäs election campaign as well as those of his competitors shall serve as a basis for the following integrative analysis, linking both theory and practice in a comparative manner. What made Barack Obama, his campaign and his operations so unique and successful The subsequent work will provide answers this central question.[.]Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 36 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Master's Thesis from the year 2009 in the subject Law - Civil / Private, Trade, Anti Trust Law, Business Law, grade: A, University of Bremen, language: English, abstract: The recent trend of the global business has inspired me to carry out a research on phenomenon known as Joint Ventures. Nowadays global economy is complex, as companies and corporations with gorgeous experience and power overload the market. The Keen rivalry between the corporate entities builds insurmountable obstacles not only for individual persons or for novice companies with less competitive strength, but also for big companies intending either to enter a new market or to make a debut into the new product development. The most efficient tool, in case individual person or company is not capable of solely handling the successful accomplishment of a business objective, is to constitute alliance with another company or person, in other words, to acquire the urgent help. The work goes beyond the common definitions and reviews the subject in details, including significant examples and cases. It also includes the comparative analysis between the German and the English jurisdiction in range of the regulatory legislation for Joint Ventures. The reasons behind my decision to view mentioned systems as the regulatory legislation are, on the one hand, the diversification between these two jurisdictions and on the other hand the fact that both are the major representatives of their law systems. My aim while making the comparison between the two legislations was to show each possible characterization of the subject.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 44 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject American Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,0, TU Dortmund (Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Emerson - The World's Eye, language: English, abstract: The importance of the Romantic period and the meaning of its ideas for the development of the United States can not be overestimated. Ralph Waldo Emerson as its ingenious prototype for the American Scholar formulated ideas that created a base for a transcending Civil Religion that seems to be the foundation of the American self-concept.This Civil Religion was also the base for the politics of one of the most conservative politicians of the 20th century, Ronald Reagan. In my work I want to show that Emerson's ideas and the politics of Ronald Reagan don't exclude each other. Both, Emerson and Reagan, can be regarded as excellent speakers and writers, well versed in their rhetoric means. I want to show that there is a common ground where the ideas and the rhetoric of these seemingly contradictory characters meet, which supports the idea of an overaching truth within the minds of the American people.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Theology - Practical Theology, grade: 1, University of Graz, language: English, abstract: There are many differences in their attitude towards religion in public life between european and US¿citizens and even though there is an agreement on the separation of church and state on both coasts of the Atlantic, the difference in how much of their own belief politicians are allowed to express when executing a public office seems to be as huge in scale like the water mass of the ocean between the two continents. No politician in the US could successfully run for a public office without at least some reference to God during his campaign and no european politician could achieve the same doing so. It¿s not only the importance of civil religion in everyday¿s life that draws a line of separation between Europe and the USA, there is also a great divide in how much of their own historical genesis is reflected among Europeans and Americans. For Americans, being true to the spirit and the intention of their ¿founding fathers¿ seems to be much more important than a European would agree to evaluate his or her being true to some spirit of the politicians that signed the ¿Contracts of Rome¿ in 1957 that created the beginning of today¿s European Community they are living in.The tremendous amount of discussion, negative and positive propaganda, political analysis and reservation among the people related to create a constitution (with or without any reference to God) for Europe too is only a small hint for how different and sensitive the public opinion is about being part of any legacy of foundation that was bequeathed by our ancestors in order to keep a dream alive they were fighting for long time ago. It is the constitution any new president of the United States has to swear an oath on the bible for and it might be an interesting task especially for an european citizen like me to take a closer look on this important document of US history, which is often referred to in many movies or television series (for instance ¿The West Wing¿). After some historical background information about the United States of America I¿ll present an overview of the Constitution itself and how it has been expanded by a total of 26 amendments so far. After this historical excursion, I¿ll have a short look on how the new president of the United States Barack Obama thinks about the constitution and how important it has always been for him since his childhood. Finally, there will also be a brief analysis of his inaugural address given on January 20th.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1, Otto-von-Guericke-University Magdeburg (Institut für fremdsprachliche Philologien), course: Gothic Fiction, language: English, abstract: The attainment of female subjectivity in spite of female sexual maturation, the oppression of female sexuality, the passive role of females bound in the confines of marriage, and as accumulated property are some of the issues that Carter addresses in The Bloody Chamber within the framework of the fairytale genre.Angela Carter adopts Perrault¿s fairy-tale Bluebeard in her story The Bloody Chamber and transfers it into a feminist rewriting. She breaks through the prescribed role-understanding of women and men in society.Society defines women as being passive, men as being active in every domain of the everyday life. Angela Carter draws a picture against this stigmatization. She does not define women as being merely subversive; victims of male authority and simply fulfilling their role. She wants to show that women have the ability to gain independence and a free will by giving male qualities to her female characters or letting them not behave like society expects them to behave.In society men are said to be powerful and oppressing their wives. They show true qualities of masculinity and exploit their wife¿s innocence and naivety. Carter on the one hand portrays men as embodying this prescribed role, but also adds female qualities to their actions and behaviours, or being overpowered by their female counterparts.This paper shall show in how far Angela Carter adapts constructed role models, changes them or invents new ones.Therefore the paper is divided into two sections: The first gives a brief overview about the time period as this text is written against the background of the gothic era. The second part concentrates on The Bloody Chamber, which is first of all based on Perrault¿s Bluebeard story - to realize the differences to the original and understand their functions with the help of the before described background knowledge. Afterwards, an analysis of each character in the story should make clear the concept of Carter¿s role-breaking and role-remaking.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 1998 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 2, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz (FB05 Englisches Seminar), course: The City in American Literature and Culture, language: English, abstract: This paper will be concerned with the possible ways of construction of identity or the loss of identity ¿ particularly the African American identity ¿ in the modern metropolis as it is described in August Wilson¿s play Ma Rainey¿s Black Bottom. Which ways to construct a proper identity present themselves to the characters in the play and what will happen when they fail to acknowledge and accept these ways In this regard, I will examine the relevance of music, society, and Christian religion.Chapter Two will show that it is essential for the understanding of the alienation of the individual, in this case specifically the alienation of the African American musician, to take into consideration the differences between rural South and urban North and the different kinds of music connected to them. From the contrast of South and North, i.e. rural and urban springs the conflict between the old, down-home blues and the new, urban blues, which will later become swing or jazz respectively. The chapter will further address the question which impact this conflict will have on the life scripts of the individual characters. Moreover, the connection between the musician, his instrument, and the music will be examined and explained.Chapter Three will explore the various facets of alienation and their respective sources in more detail. Moreover, it will identify and further illuminate possible ways of forming identity and which processes endanger and impede the formation of identity. Therefore, it is first necessary to diagnose how Wilson and his characters¿ actions describe the urban environment. Do these actions benefit or harm the formation of identity or do they promote alienation Can music, religion, or ancestral awareness help the city-dwelling individual to arrive at a full-rounded ontological definition of selfhood Chapter Four will summarise the findings of the previous chapters and evaluate them with regard to the questions raised in this introduction.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, University of Constance (Literaturwissenschaften), course: Margaret Atwood's Later Fiction, language: English, abstract: Margaret Atwood¿s novels The Handmaid¿s Tale (T.H.T., 1985) and Oryx and Crake (O. & C., 2003) are works of speculative fiction that are set in the near future. Both of the depicted scenarios take place in the U.S.A. and could be classified as ¿survivor¿s stories¿ as they are told from the perspective of a person that survived the new system or the catastrophe the books deal with.T.H.T. takes the reader into an oppressive system that has become reality in the year 2005. In this system women are divided into different kinds of ¿functional groups¿ according to their abilities. The story is told by the handmaid Offred who ¿ as all handmaids ¿ is still believed to be fertile. Thus she is solely good for childbearing and has not got any choice. This system however is confined to the United States so that there is still hope for an escape to a better life for the people living under the system. The scenario in O. & C. on the other hand occurs around the year 2025 and depicts a world wide catastrophe where Snowman ¿ the narrator of the story ¿ is one of the few surviving human beings.This paper will compare the two novels according to some points of analysis. I had to confine myself to a few themes as it is impossible to include all topics that could be of importance.To start with, I will take a look at the social and political background of the time the novels were written in, followed by a generic analysis of the works. Secondly I will answer the question about the inspiration for these novels and I will deal with the epilogues Atwood added to her books. This will be followed by a chapter about the main topics of the novels which are reproduction, religion and sexuality. Last but not least I will compare the main characters and discuss the message of her works.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Scientific Essay from the year 2009 in the subject German Studies - Modern German Literature, , language: English, abstract: The rise of National Socialism in Germany and the subsequent events of the mid-twentieth century transformed the literary landscape as well as that of the political. Feuchtwanger¿s work from 1933 onwards is noticeably characterised and coloured by his status as an Exile author: his somewhat strained relationship with both homeland and adopted country, the United States, comes to the forefront in his writing. There is a convincing argument to be made that that Feuchtwanger¿s development of the historical novel was essentially a didactic exercise, mastered against the backdrop of the rise of Nazism and the later political dynamics of the 1950s with the onset of the Cold War and the Red Scare in the United States. The author had as his purpose to convey the lessons of history and, by extension, to afford the reader the opportunity to apply these lessons to the political affairs of the present, all the while maintaining a steadfast belief that the reason would prevail over unreason ¿ an unwavering faith in the eventual enlightenment of man.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 40 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Linguistics, grade: 2,7, University of Paderborn (Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Sociolinguistics, language: English, abstract: The field of sociolinguistics deals with the relationship between language and society. According to the commentary for the seminar, ¿sociolinguists study the social and situational variables that govern variation within a language.¿ Pidgins and Creoles seem to be very interesting and fascinating for sociolinguists because this topic contains several areas of research like the origin of language, language loss, social contact and language prestige and definitely the rapid development and change of these languages.The development of Pidgins and Creoles has a long history. It is said to have started with the European colonization overseas in the fifteenth century, although it is supposed that there must have been lots of language contact before. ¿Indeed, language contact seems likely to be nearly as old as language itself¿ (Holm 2000: 14). Mark Sebba does therefore give his book the title ¿Contact Languages¿ and the subtitle is ¿Pidgins and Creoles¿. It is about the contact between people speaking different languages who need a certain language to get in contact. An example therefore is ¿Russennorsk¿ that developed from the need of Russian sailors and Norwegian fishermen who needed to communicate somehow (Singh 2000: 2). However, this language does not exist any longer and has died. Research questions would be: Why did this ¿language¿ die or how did it develop; which language was responsible for lexicon and which one for grammar; were there any grammatical rules at all In the first chapter, I will give definitions and explain important terminology. After that, I will deal with several theories of the genesis of Pidgins and Creoles and how the development of the ¿new¿ language from the beginning to a Post Creole Continuum does proceed. In the final chapter, I will exemplary describe the Spanish-based Creole language Papiamentu in detail.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject Business economics - Trade and Distribution, grade: 1,3, University of Hull, language: English, abstract: This report should call attention to the success story of Wal-Mart and reveal by usingappropriate strategic framework why they are one of the most controversial companies.Subsequently, the goal of this strategic analysis is to examine Wal-Mart¿s quest to dominate international markets. In addition Wal-Mart¿s corporate identity will be discussed and several solutions to the challenges will be proposed.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 2,0, University of Münster (International Management), course: Seminar International Finance, language: English, abstract: The paper deals with Private Equity Investments in Emerging Markets. This asset class is associated with attractive opportunities and appropriate risk-adjusted returns. The Private Equity industry in Emerging Markets showed strong growth over the last few years ¿ after a period of disappointment and unmet expectations.Private Equity is a primary source of equity for small and medium sized companies. It is associated with higher default risk but offers the opportunity to receive higher returns. One special characteristic is the provision of ¿smart money¿, the integration of investment banking and management consultancy.The environment of Emerging Markets is challenging. The term refers to capital markets in developing countries with outstanding growth opportunities. 35 countries from Latin America, Central and Eastern Europe, Asia, Middle East and Africa belong to the group of Emerging Markets. These markets are characterised by weak legal institutions, political and economic risk, dysfunctional capital markets and a low standard of corpo-rate governance.The combination of the high risk asset class Private Equity with the high risk environment of Emerging Markets results in high risk investments. But the superior return op-portunities attract more and more investors. After a period of disappointment and setbacks ¿ due to an inappropriate approach ¿ at the beginning of the 21st century this asset class took off. Fundraising figures from 2003 to 2006 are increasing strongly and the investors expect the growth to continue.The macroeconomic environment, the legal framework and the quality of capital markets are the main determinants for Emerging Markets Private Equity. The introduction of good corporate governance is essential for the provision of a hospitable investment climate. If the legal framework is weak, efficient governance structures can serve as a substitute.Intensive due diligence, monitoring, involvement, networks, diversification and exiting are the key success factors for Private Equity firms engaging in Emerging Markets. With an appropriate adjustment of the strategy, risk can be mitigated and the investment is likely to be successful.Emerging Markets Private Equity can be beneficial for both the investors and the entrepreneurs. Especially small and medium sized enterprises and family-owned companies in Emerging Markets benefit from this source of equity while investors receive potential extraordinary returns and diversify their portfolio.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 40 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,3, European Business School - International University Schloß Reichartshausen Oestrich-Winkel, language: English, abstract: Constructing smart portfolios is the key goal of every investor regardless of the risk aversion. Accessible investments for investors are for instance stocks, bonds, treasury billsand real estate. According to Seiler, Webb, and Myer (1999, p. 163) ¿real estate asset management has been and will continue to be a topic of great interest¿. In the year 1971 U.S. public real estate had a total market capitalization of US$1.4bn, while in 2006 public real estate had a market capitalization of US$438bn (National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts [NAREIT], 2007, p. 1). The U.S. private real estate index has more thantripled from US$84bn in market value in the first quarter of 2001 to US$266m in the first quarter of 2007 (National Council of Real Estate Investment Fiduciaries [NCREIF],2007, p. 1. It is obvious that the real estate market has been growing incredibly and realestate has became more and more important as an investment opportunity. However, all available data on ownership of real estate show that pension funds hold 3.5% to 4.0% oftheir total assets in real estate (Chiochetti, SA-AADU, & Shilling, 1999, p. 193). Optimal allocation seems tobe a problem. Another point is that some degree of diversification can be achieved without real estate. So why should investors hold real estate in their portfolios Does real estate outperform stock and bond returns What risks are linked with real estate investments The aim of this paper is to provide the reader with a deep insight into the real estate investment discussion and to present the advantages and disadvantages of real estate in a mixed-asset portfolio. In a nutshell, at the end of this paper the reader should be able to decide, whether real estate investment is justifiable or not.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Leadership and Human Resource Management - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,7, University of Applied Sciences Berlin, language: English, abstract: The abbreviation PRINCE stands for PRojects IN Controlled Environments and describes a method for effective project management for all types of project. It was developed by the Office of Government Commerce and launched by the name PRINCE2 in 1996. PRINCE2 is now a de facto project management standard and widely used by the UK government as well as in the private sector, both in the UK and internationally.PRINCE2 is a process oriented approach, which can be adjusted to any type of project due to its flexibility and scalability. The approach and the needed basic knowledge are assigned to three categories: processes, components and techniques. Processes ensure that start, end and advancement of the project are monitored and controlled. The processes embrace the activities from setting the project off on the right track, through controlling and managing the progress to the completion of the project. Each PRINCE2 project will have to regard these processes differently. The following processes are applied in PRINCE2: Starting Up a Project, Initiating a Project, Directing a Project, Controlling a Stage, Managing Product Delivery, Managing Stage Boundaries, Closing a Project and Planning. The components are key aspects of project management that are used throughout the processes and include the Business Case, the Organisation, Plans, Controls, Management of Risks, Quality in a Project Environment, Configuration Management and Change Control. PRINCE2 presents very few techniques and leaves the selection of the preferred one to the user, who chooses according the demands of the specific project. The techniques the user can choose from include Product-Based Planning, the Change Control technique and the Quality Review technique.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 1,0, University of Applied Sciences Berlin, language: English, abstract: Marketing offers numerous valuable tools to analyze a company¿s current situation. Though, most of them have the weakness of providing only a very isolated view that is not suitable for a long-term entrepreneurial decision. The SWOT analysis, however, pursues an integrated approach including key company and environmental variables. The objective is the confrontation of the company¿s internal strengths and its weaknesses as well as company-external business opportunities and risks in order to generate possible strategic options.The SWOT analysis particularly supports a combined and integrated approach of the current company situation enabling well-balanced and comprehensive decisions. One main benefit is thus the reduction of complexity through the integrated approach, leaving the key factors and strategies as analytical residue.In practice, the SWOT method is a well established tool to analyze business units in larger companies and smaller start-ups in particular during their launch.The SWOT analysis though reveals limited possibilities when analyzing all business units of large companies. For this task other, more holistic, approaches as the share-holder-value concept or the portfolio analysis are appropriate. However, this large field of tools will not be treated in this assignment. The SWOT analysis is though, despite its disadvantages, one of the most important instruments for the internal analysis of a company¿s situation that - in every case - delivers a pretty comprehensive and resilient foundation for further entrepreneurial decisions and strategic planning.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: A-, International School of Management Dortmund , language: English, abstract: Back in 1998, Daimler-Benz, the German manufacturer of luxury automobiles, had only captured less than one percent of the American market (Daimler-Benz AG, Standard & Poor¿s Stock Reports. New York: Standard & Poor¿s, Inc., July 21, 1997). Meanwhile, the American Chrysler Corporation was willing to extend its international reach, especially in Europe.Given the circumstances, both companies came to the conclusion that a merger would make sense.On May 7th, 1998, the merger was öcially announced as the largest trans-Atlantic merger ever.However, this buyout - which could have led to the creation of the greatest car manufacturer in the world - had failed in less that ten years. On May 14, 2007, the DaimlerChrysler company was already a thing of the past. Almost two years after the sale of Chrysler, a question remains:Why the merger failed If we compare a merger to a marriage, we would say that they married the wrong persons. But how managers and executives from the two companies has gotten it so wrong BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject Business economics - Investment and Finance, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Munich (Wirtschaftswissenschaften), course: Entrepreneurial Finance, language: English, abstract: Die Arbeit gibt einen Überblick über die verschiedenen Formen von Buyouts, die verschiedenen Anlässe für Buyouts, die Finanzierung und Exit-Möglichkeiten, sowie über die wertschöpfenden Faktoren.Outline of the WorkThis work tries to give an overview of the characteristics and types of a buyout, the financing and exit strategies as well as the influence on the value of the respective company.Chapter 2 describes the basics of a buyout, starting with a definition of the term ¿buyout¿ and the possible buyout constructions. Thereupon follows a listing of the different buyout types and a short explanation of those. The chapter closes with a description of the most common motivations for buyouts.Chapter 3 treats the financial aspect of a buyout. It is subdivided into two sections. The first one explains leveraging, the financing technique used in most buyouts. A short description of the leverage effect and its application in buyouts is given being followed by a listing of preconditions that a business has to fulfil to be suitable for a buyout. Thereafter the financial instruments and their structuring in a buyout are explained. The paragraph concludes with a short listing of covenants usually included in financial buyout contracts. The second section specifies the different exit strategies for the financial intermediaries.Chapter 4 gives a short overview of the different factors of value creation in buyouts. This is done by describing a framework to categorise the possible aspects and then by mentioning and classifying those ones.Finally the conclusion gives a short summary with a crititcal assessment of value creation in buyouts. It closes with a future outlook.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Research Paper (undergraduate) from the year 2008 in the subject Leadership and Human Resource Management - Miscellaneous, grade: 2,0, University of applied sciences, Munich, language: English, abstract: Responsibilities within Human Resource Management are many-layered and complex not at least because of interdependencies from the company¿s goals, visions and strategy. This means that there is a very close relationship between the management and HR. Beside this, HR also stands for the human needs and has to find the balance between those two indeed divisive views, always with the target ahead to make the company most efficient.For being most efficient by transferring and enabling the staff to fulfil the company¿s targets it is helpful to set up and run along a model, which is aligned with the management and transparent to the organisation.The Human Resource Development (HRD) model helps align management¿s operational goals with employee concerns. Transparent to the organisation, this model supports processes for meeting operational targets while simultaneously empowering the staff.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 1, Martin Luther University, language: English, abstract: Introduction¿He writes like he talks and talks like he writes¿Although the cruelties people of Europe had to suffer from during the early decades ofthe 20th century, when Adolf Hitler began to establish his Nazi-regime, are part of a sad anddark chapter in German history, the aftermaths of the Rassengesetze, the war itself and theconcentration camps are still shaking the minds of those who are faced with this issue duringtheir studies, as well as the memories and lives of the people which either had to liveaccording to the ideologies of the Third Reich and experience the tortures and pain the Nazishad brought upon them, or belong to the younger generation of those people¿s descendants.Thane Rosenbaum himself is one of them, a member of the generation whose parentshad been there, had to live during the Third Reich and had survived the Holocaust. His novelElijah Visible treats the issue of Nazi-Germany, the concentration camps and theconsequences of this brutal era of German politics and ideologies from a rather indirectJewish point of view (for further explanation cf. 2.1).During the tenor of this work the author, Thane Rosenbaum, shall be introduced andhis novel-in-stories Elijah Visible will be analyzed with the help of three selected shortstories; the structure of the complete novel and connections between single stories will beillustrated. It is expounded in how far and in which manner the author¿s past and familybackground have influenced the (events described throughout the) stories and thus, whichautobiographical elements can be found. The last chapter will lay the focus on Rosenbaum¿slanguage and style as well as the purpose of writing his novel.This work is written in American English.[.]BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 44 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Diploma Thesis from the year 2009 in the subject Mathematics - Statistics, grade: 1,6, University of Bonn (Statistische Abteilung der Rechts- und Staatswissenschaftlichen Fakultät), course: Diplomarbeit bei Prof.Dr. Alois Kneip, language: English, abstract: The statistical technique called bootstrap is usable with a lot of inferential problems and it is the main topic of this paper. Since the bootstrap provides material for a whole series of booksit is essential to pick one special aspect of the bootstrap and investigate it in depth, otherwise the analysis would inevitably become too general. This aspect is the topic of regression. Hence, this paper will introduce the bootstrap and compare the performance of the new inference methods which it provides with some classical methods of judging a regression which were used in the years before the bootstrap. Therefore the remainder of this paper is as follows: First there will be a description of the basic model in which all of the following investigations will be done, chapter two. The next chapter will describe the different regression techniques which try to solve the model. The fourth chapter is going to show the behavior of these regression techniques in large samples, i.e. shows some classical methods of statistical inference. Following chapter five will give an introduction to the bootstrap which will be succeeded by a description of the bootstrap in regression problems, chapter six. The seventh chapter will show how inference is done with the help of the bootstrap. The eighth chapter is going to compare the performances of classical and bootstrap inference in regressions. Before the concluding remarks of chapter ten, there will be a practical application in chapter nine which tries to prove some observations of the preceeding chapters.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper del año 2003 en eltema Romanística - Estudios españoles, Nota: 1,6, Universität Osnabrück, Materia: Hauptseminar: La novela picaresca, Idioma: Español, Resumen: Este trabajo trata sobre el posfranquismo y la posmodernidad en Espana.El tema abarca en particular las características de la novela espanola después del régimen de Franco hasta los anos noventa.El fin de la dictadura militar provocó una ruptura política en Espana. Hay que preguntar si hubo también una ruptura literaria y social. Desde el punto de vista del siglo XXI es importante saber que pasó en los últimos 25 anos del siglo pasado, especialmente en el ámbito literario y cultural.Tengo como objetivo analizar las características de la novela espanola en el espacio de tiempo nombrado para constatar si hubo una ruptura literaria y si hay diferencias entre la novela del posfranquismo y la de la posmodernidad.Por eso me ocuparé en primer lugar de los acontecimientos políticos y de los cambios en la sociedad espanola después de Franco para dar una imagen de la situación histórica. Después hablaré sobre la novela en el posfranquismo y voy a presentar dos típos característicos de la novela posfranquista.Entonces voy a describir la novela de la posmodernidad, investigaré sus rasgos y haré una comparación con la literatura del posfranquismo para constatar si hay una separación estricta entre las dos corrientes literarias. Para esto voy a recurrir a unas novelas típicas posmodernas de los famosos escritores Eduardo Mendoza y Manuel Vázquez Montalbán.Por último voy a resumir los resultados de ese trabajo en la conclusión.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Spanisch.