semi supervised learning (51 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - This book introduces basic supervised learning algorithms applicable to natural language processing (NLP) and shows how the performance of these algorithms can often be improved by exploiting the marginal distribution of large amounts of unlabeled data. One reason for that is data sparsity, i.e., the limited amounts of data we have available in NLP. However, in most real-world NLP applications our labeled data is also heavily biased. This book introduces extensions of supervised learning algorithms to cope with data sparsity and different kinds of sampling bias. This book is intended to be both readable by first-year students and interesting to the expert audience. My intention was to introduce what is necessary to appreciate the major challenges we face in contemporary NLP related to data sparsity and sampling bias, without wasting too much time on details about supervised learning algorithms or particular NLP applications. I use text classification, part-of-speech tagging, and dependency parsing as running examples, and limit myself to a small set of cardinal learning algorithms. I have worried less about theoretical guarantees ('this algorithm never does too badly') than about useful rules of thumb ('in this case this algorithm may perform really well'). In NLP, data is so noisy, biased, and non-stationary that few theoretical guarantees can be established and we are typically left with our gut feelings and a catalogue of crazy ideas. I hope this book will provide its readers with both. Throughout the book we include snippets of Python code and empirical evaluations, when relevant.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - Semi-supervised learning is a learning paradigm concerned with the study of how computers and natural systems such as humans learn in the presence of both labeled and unlabeled data. Traditionally, learning has been studied either in the unsupervised paradigm (e.g., clustering, outlier detection) where all the data are unlabeled, or in the supervised paradigm (e.g., classification, regression) where all the data are labeled. The goal of semi-supervised learning is to understand how combining labeled and unlabeled data may change the learning behavior, and design algorithms that take advantage of such a combination. Semi-supervised learning is of great interest in machine learning and data mining because it can use readily available unlabeled data to improve supervised learning tasks when the labeled data are scarce or expensive. Semi-supervised learning also shows potential as a quantitative tool to understand human category learning, where most of the input is self-evidently unlabeled. In this introductory book, we present some popular semi-supervised learning models, including self-training, mixture models, co-training and multiview learning, graph-based methods, and semi-supervised support vector machines. For each model, we discuss its basic mathematical formulation. The success of semi-supervised learning depends critically on some underlying assumptions. We emphasize the assumptions made by each model and give counterexamples when appropriate to demonstrate the limitations of the different models. In addition, we discuss semi-supervised learning for cognitive psychology. Finally, we give a computational learning theoretic perspective on semi-supervised learning, and we conclude the book with a brief discussion of open questions in the field. Table of Contents: Introduction to Statistical Machine Learning / Overview of Semi-Supervised Learning / Mixture Models and EM / Co-Training / Graph-Based Semi-Supervised Learning / Semi-Supervised Support Vector Machines/ Human Semi-Supervised Learning / Theory and Outlook.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - While labeled data is expensive to prepare, ever increasing amounts of unlabeled data is becoming widely available. In order to adapt to this phenomenon, several semi-supervised learning (SSL) algorithms, which learn from labeled as well as unlabeled data, have been developed. In a separate line of work, researchers have started to realize that graphs provide a natural way to represent data in a variety of domains. Graph-based SSL algorithms, which bring together these two lines of work, have been shown to outperform the state-of-the-art in many applications in speech processing, computer vision, natural language processing, and other areas of Artificial Intelligence. Recognizing this promising and emerging area of research, this synthesis lecture focuses on graph-based SSL algorithms (e.g., label propagation methods). Our hope is that after reading this book, the reader will walk away with the following: (1) an in-depth knowledge of the current state-of-the-art in graph-based SSL algorithms, and the ability to implement them; (2) the ability to decide on the suitability of graph-based SSL methods for a problem; and (3) familiarity with different applications where graph-based SSL methods have been successfully applied. Table of Contents: Introduction / Graph Construction / Learning and Inference / Scalability / Applications / Future Work / Bibliography / Authors' Biographies / Index.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - This book constitutes the proceedings of the First International Workshop on Continual Semi-Supervised Learning, CSSL 2021, which took place as a virtual event during August 2021.The 9 full papers and 0 short papers included in this book were carefully reviewed and selected from 14 submissions.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Semi-supervised learning (SSL) has grown into an important research area in machine learning, motivated by the fact that human labeling is expensive while unlabeled data are relatively easy to obtain. A basic assumption in traditional SSL is that unlabeled data and labeled data share the same distribution. However, this assumption may be incorrect when unlabeled data have a shifted covariance, or come from a related but different domain, or contain irrelevant data. With the divergence of the distribution of unlabeled data, very little academic literature exists on how to choose or adapt machine learning algorithms to different settings of unlabeled data. This book, therefore, introduces a new unified view on learning with different settings of unlabeled data. This book consists of two parts: the first part analyzes the fundamental assumptions of SSL and proposes a few efficient SSL algorithms; the second part discusses three learning frameworks to deal with other settings of unlabeled data. This book should be helpful to researchers or graduate students in areas with abundance of unlabeled data, such as computer vision, bioinformatics, web mining, and natural language processing.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 132 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Supervised learning is a branch of artificial intelligence concerned with developing computer programs that automatically improve with experience through knowledge extraction from examples. Such learning approaches are particularly useful for tasks involving the automatic categorization, retrieval and extraction of knowledge from large collections of data such as text, images and videos. It builds predictive models from labeled data. However, labeling the training data is difficult, expensive, or time consuming, as it requires the effort of human annotators sometimes with specific domain experience. Semi-supervised learning (SSL) aims to minimize the cost of manual annotation by allowing the model to exploit part or all of the available unlabeled data. Semi-supervised learning and ensemble learning are two different paradigms that were developed almost in parallel. Semi-supervised learning tries to improve generalization performance by exploiting unlabeled data, while ensemble learning tries to achieve the same objective by constructing multiple predictors. This book concentrates on SSL with ensembles (committees).Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 304 pp. Englisch.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - 'Kernel Based Algorithms for Mining Huge Data Sets' is the first book treating the fields of supervised, semi-supervised and unsupervised machine learning collectively. The book presents both the theory and the algorithms for mining huge data sets by using support vector machines (SVMs) in an iterative way. It demonstrates how kernel based SVMs can be used for dimensionality reduction (feature elimination) and shows the similarities and differences between the two most popular unsupervised techniques, the principal component analysis (PCA) and the independent component analysis (ICA). The book presents various examples, software, algorithmic solutions enabling the reader to develop their own codes for solving the problems. The book is accompanied by a website for downloading both data and software for huge data sets modeling in a supervised and semisupervised manner, as well as MATLAB based PCA and ICA routines for unsupervised learning. The book focuses on a broad range of machine learning algorithms and it is particularly aimed at students, scientists, and practicing researchers in bioinformatics (gene microarrays), text-categorization, numerals recognition, as well as in the images and audio signals de-mixing (blind source separation) areas.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - 'Kernel Based Algorithms for Mining Huge Data Sets' is the first book treating the fields of supervised, semi-supervised and unsupervised machine learning collectively. The book presents both the theory and the algorithms for mining huge data sets by using support vector machines (SVMs) in an iterative way. It demonstrates how kernel based SVMs can be used for dimensionality reduction (feature elimination) and shows the similarities and differences between the two most popular unsupervised techniques, the principal component analysis (PCA) and the independent component analysis (ICA). The book presents various examples, software, algorithmic solutions enabling the reader to develop their own codes for solving the problems. The book is accompanied by a website for downloading both data and software for huge data sets modeling in a supervised and semisupervised manner, as well as MATLAB based PCA and ICA routines for unsupervised learning. The book focuses on a broad range of machine learning algorithms and it is particularly aimed at students, scientists, and practicing researchers in bioinformatics (gene microarrays), text-categorization, numerals recognition, as well as in the images and audio signals de-mixing (blind source separation) areas.

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