grin verlag grin verlag feb 2011 (787 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Pre-University Paper from the year 2010 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Applied Geography, grade: -1, , language: English, abstract: Definition: Local colorLocal color or regional literature is fiction and poetry that focuses on the characters, dialect, customs, topography, and other features particular to a specific region. Influenced by Southwestern and Down East humor, between the Civil War and the end of the nineteenth century this mode of writing became dominant in American literature.Especially Representatives of the United States were for example Mark Twain and Mary Austin, Zone Gale, Hamlin Garland and - probably the most famous one - Bret Hart.¿The short story ¿The Outcasts of Poker Flat¿ is a superb example of local color fiction¿ because it has the following characteristics: a) it is written for popular fiction, b) it contains accurate dialect, c) it shows realistic representations of local customs, dress, mannerisms, and habits of thought, d) it contains sentimentality, e) it contains humor, f) it contains the subject of life, friendship, and love, g) it came from personal experience of the author, and h) it contains eccentric characters.¿Local Color¿ has not only played a big role in the past but can be also found in the present. In the following we are going to find out if the movie ¿8 Mile¿ is a typical ¿Local Color¿ story. To begin with we will be looking at the most important information of the movie which includes a summary, a biography of the Producer and Director Curtis Hanson, a biography of Eminem and the most important figures. After that we are going to talk about three songs of the movie and finally we are going to see that the movie ¿8 Mile¿ has a lot of local color characteristics.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Communications - Methods and Research Logic, grade: Excellent, The University of Surrey (Department of English), language: English, abstract: Generating data can be made for all kind of purposes and in several ways (Milena et al.: 2008), whereas the main focus lies on the distinction between quantitative and qualitative research (Gerson et al.: 2002). When it comes to research most people generally think of the more common, traditional and familiar quantitative research which includes methods such as questionnaires, the creation of theories and models or the accumulation of empirical data (Holliday: 2002). This paper deals with interviewing, more precisely with interview schedules, as a method of generating qualitative data within primary market research. The structure of the work is as follows: Starting up with a the theoretical foundation with regards to interviewing, its possibilities within qualitative research and its configuration possibilities in the first part, the second part deals with the analysis of a workshop held on the topic ¿Generating Qualitative Data: Interviewing¿ within the lecture ¿Introduction to Research Methods¿ in the MA course Intercultural Communication with International Business. Within the analysis of the interview schedule problems, difficulties and limits of working with pre-crafted, semi-structured interview schedules are being identified and pointed out. Although it is not common to write a paper in another but the neutral voice a voice change into the first person takes place due to the fact that this part of the paper (3 Practical Application within the Workshop ¿Generating Qualitative Date: Interviewing¿) delves into the personal experience and therefore requires a more personalised style. Finally, the paper concludes with a short review of the difficulties occurring when using a pre-crafted semi-structured interview schedule.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1,7, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, language: English, abstract: There is a long tradition of scholars seeking to understand the distributionalregularities of financial returns. Research traces back to the turn of the 19th century. Since then, it underwent a lot of drastic changes, which are to be shown in this paper. The aim of this paper is to show theoretical models that account for the distributional regularities in financial returns as well as to illustrate the empirical analysis. It is necessary to understand the evolution of research on this topic because it came about in a consecutive manner. Thus, this paper will document over one hundred years of research on distributional properties of financial returns. The second chapter will start with the results of Louis Bachelier and his normal distribution hypothesis. Then it will describe Benoît Mandelbrot's groundbreaking results, which rejected Bachelier's normal hypothesis and introduced the Lévy-stable distributions. Mandelbrot's work had such an impact that it will be described in greater detail. The third chapter will present the results of research that followed after Mandelbrot's findings. It will also display and explain the results of recent research.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, grade: 2,3, Saarland University (Anglistik), course: investigation classroom interaction, language: English, abstract: ¿Let us.make the study of the art of question-asking one of the central disciplines in language education¿(Postman 1979: 140).In order to show how the importance of questions as part of classroom interaction, I try to evolve a scheme to present numerous types of questions and how they are being used by teacher and student. Depending on the didactic intention there are quite a number of different ways to classify a question. In order to give a general overview I decided to divide my classification into three main parts.First I am going to give an explanation of the three different types of categorising questions and display what the respective central key points are. Then I explain the difference of questions being asked by the teacher or the student and how they are being used during class. The third section is a practical analysis of questions with the help of the data description followed by a short evaluation displaying whether my framework is useful in analysing the data or if the need of further specification is required. And finally I am going to give a brief summary and try to come to a conclusion.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, University of Bayreuth (Anglophone Literaturen und Kulturen ), course: HS Africa on Film, language: English, abstract: 1. Introduction 22. Athol Fugard as a writer and the historical context 23. Tsotsi as a novel and Tsotsi as a film ¿ a direct comparison 33.a. General differences 33.a.1. Narrators in novels and pictures in films 33.a.2. The atmosphere 43.a.3. The setting 43.a.4. The language 53.b. The differences in the plots of the two versions 53.b.1. Tsotsi¿s gang and the murder of Gumboot Dhlamini (Chapter 1) 53.b.2. Tsotsi¿s fight with Boston (Chapter 2) 63.b.3. Tsotsi¿s encounter with the baby (Chapter 3) 73.b.4. Tsotsi hides the baby in the ruins (Chapter 4) 83.b.5. The funeral of Gumboot Dhlamini, Boston¿s recovery and Tsotsi¿s reunification with Butcher and Die Aap (Chapter 5) 93.b.6. Tsotsi¿s encounter with Morris Tshabalala (Chapters 6 and 7) 93.b.7. Tsotsi finds a replacement mother in Miriam Ngidi (Chapter 8) 103.b.8. Tsotsi¿s childhood (Chapter 9) 113.b.9. Tsotsi¿s second encounter with Miriam Ngidi (Chapter 10) 123.b.10. The story of Boston¿s life (Chapter 11) 133.b.11. Tsotsi¿s death (Chapter 12) 154. Interpretations of the major differences 164.a. The replacement of the apartheid topic 164.b. The different atmospheres in the two works 174.c. The missing narrator and its effect on the plausibility and numerous details 184.d. Apparent commercial reasons for changes in the plot 185. Summary 196. Works cited 19Unlike the novel¿s plot, the plot of the film is not set in the 1950s to 60s but in the post-apartheid South Africa around the beginning of the new millennium. Not just because more than 40 years passed from the original idea until its publication as a film, the original novel and the film version are quite different in many aspects. Although both the novel and the film follow roughly the same structure, the differences offer many enlightening insights. This paper is going to compare the film version with the original version in the novel in order to analyze and interpret the differences. Some of the major differences revolve around the role of racism, apartheid, politics and social criticism in the two versions, and still others around the different impacts of the two works and the different reasons, purposes and circumstances under which the novel was written and why the film was made.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2007 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, Saarland University (Anglistik, Amerikanistik und anglophone Kulturen), course: Proseminar: An Introduction to American Poetry, language: English, abstract: ¿I believe in the flesh and the appetites,¿ proclaimed the well-known American poet Walt Whitman in his famous ¿Song of Myself¿ in 1855. About two centuries earlier, the Puritan poet Anne Bradstreet also dealt with the topic of her belief and the ¿flesh¿ in her poem ¿The Flesh and the Spirit¿ (1678), but from quite a different perspective and with very different associations. According to Joseph McElrath and Allan P. Robb it is known from autobiographical material that Bradstreet started to read the Bible at the very early age of six (xvi). He also states that ¿. . . her thorough familiarity with the Bible artfully manifests itself in virtually everything she wrote¿ (xix).Therefore I argue that as a work of Puritan poetry Anne Bradstreet`s ¿The Flesh and the Spirit¿ is mainly inspired by biblical ideas. In my paper, I intend to identify the basic ideas derived from the Bible in the poem and the allusions to books of the New but also the Old Testament. For this purpose, I will examine which central concepts in Bradstreet¿s poem stem from the Scripture and explain their meaning in the context of the Bible. Thus, the meaning of the poem itself should become clearer. For the analysis, I will use the knowledge I acquired by reading the Bible for several years and studying Protestant theology. In addition, I will consult a Bible concordance and linguistic critical literature.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject American Studies - Literature, grade: 1,7, University of Tubingen (Englisches Seminar), course: PS II Literary Studies: Family Scenes: The American Family on Stage, language: English, abstract: ¿This study holds that the coherence of the [American] nation owes much to the potency of its communal ¿stories¿, those myths given prominence in cultural consciousness.¿ (Wade 3). According to Wade, the American culture is based on certain myths, on complex systems of attitudes, beliefs, and values that are characteristic for a specific society or group (cf. Collins Dictionary 1077). The history of the nation and the experience of westward expansion resulted in certain myths that are still present in the American imagination (cf. Companion Drama 286). U.S. playwright Sam Shepard is known for his interest in national myths, which he defines as mysteries that speak to the emotions and feelings of people, and in the prominence of such myths in modern society (cf. Graham 112). Thus, Shepard sees his plays as tools for cultural conversation by which he questions American myths (cf. Companion Drama 291). One of Shepard¿s most popular plays is the family drama Buried Child, which unfolds the dark secret of a family living in a farm house in Midwestern Illinois (cf. BC ).This term paper will focus on two myths which are dominant in Buried Child: The myth of the generic middle-class family in the U.S. and the myth of the American Midwest. How does Sam Shepard reveal these myths in his family drama, and how does he demonstrate their hollowness The first chapter will be based on the myth of the generic American family, on its definition, its appearance in the play, and on the question how this myth is criticized. The second chapter will focus on the myth of the American Midwest in the same line.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject American Studies - Linguistics, printed single-sided, grade: 2,7, University of Münster (Anglistik/Amerikanistik), course: Proseminar American English, language: English, abstract: This abstract shall give another piece of the puzzle to what is considered to be African-American Vernacular English. With scientific aid of well-known concepts by linguists such as Green in particular but also Wolfram, Schilling-Estes, Mufwene and Poplack we want to focus on specific grammatical features of AAVE and to what extend these can be recovered in the Hip-Hop subgenre of American West Coast Gangsta Rap. A small but significant text corpus of four representative songs (added to the appendix in the shape of lyrics) cover the source for a quantitative and qualitative evaluation. The given text shall give a short overview about the origin and different theories on AAVE first and will further on primarily adapt the characteristic linguistic features L. Green and Wolfram & Schilling-Estes worked out and apply them to our little song text corpus.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Communications - Public Relations, Advertising, Marketing, Social Media, grade: Excellent, The University of Surrey (Department of English), course: Language of Advertising, language: English, abstract: There is advertisement ¿ and there is advertisement: Most ads have the intention to make people aware of a product, service or concept followed by the purchase and therefore ¿support the free-market economy¿ (Reschke: 1998, p. 1); but there are ads whose main aim is to inform people, more precisely to call their attention to a certain topic. Consequently, advertisements cause different reactions: Some ads make people smile or even giggle; some just communicate plane information; whilst others make people think and reflect; and again others literally shock people. Advertising campaigns such as the WWF 9/11 one, the ¿Get unhooked¿ ads or Antonio Federici¿s banned campaign (q.v. Appendix 1-3) are only three examples on the list of campaigns banned in the 21st century due to unethical content. Those offensive advertisements include ¿messages that transgress laws and customs (e.g. anti-human rights), breach a moral or social code (e.g. profanity, vulgarity) or outrage the moral or physical senses (e.g. gratuitous use of violence, use of disgusting images)¿ (Chan et al.: 2007, p. 608). Researchers found out that adverts, which ¿are incongruent with social norms attract attention and are more likely to be retained in memory¿ (Gulas and Weinberger: 2006, p. 173). Attracting interest can be done on different ways: by either using attention attracting pictures, sounds, signs or just simple words and phrases.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Master's Thesis from the year 2010 in the subject Law - Comparative Legal Systems, Comparative Law, grade: A-, University of Auckland (Law Faculty), course: Corporate Governance, language: English, abstract: This paper considers duties and liability of independent non-executive directors as authorities of advice and control in companies. It deals with the question of how non-executive directors should be made liable for mismanagement of the board, but primarily by, and particular failures of their own through breach of duty.Rather than engaging in the debate about non-executive directors¿ function and their efficiency for a business enterprise, the essay takes the latter as a given. Instead, it neutrally provides an outline of non-executive directors agreed functions, preferred skills and favoured qualities.The paper, moreover, details on the different duties deriving from common law principles, equity, and case law. It also considers on statutories and codes as well as contractual provisions providing equivalent regulations on directors¿ duties. This is to draw a complete picture of non-executive directors¿ role in a company and to classify where liability can result from.Furthermore, non-executive directors¿ liability is analysed. The focus, hereby, lies on the determination of directors¿ negligence. The issue is considered as to whether a court applies a different degree of negligence on non-executive directors than on executive directors. In this context, the influence of contractual provisions is contemplated. In addition, liability of non-executive directors is also compared to the liability of supervisory board members.Subsequently, alternative mechanisms of equalizing the risk of liability, such as indemnifications, insurances, and adequate reimbursements, are examined more closely. Concluding on non-executive directors¿ liability, the paper declares the loss of reputation and further ¿soft¿ sanctions as the actual sanction on non-executive directors.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 40 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Economics - Case Scenarios, grade: sehr gut, Linköping University, language: English, abstract: Diese Arbeit beinhaltet einzelne Fragen zum schwedischen Wohlfahrtsstaat, die anhand der Literatur diskutiert werden.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 16 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Scientific Study from the year 2009 in the subject Politics - International Politics - Region: Russia, , course: Economic Development, language: English, abstract: In this paper I would like to examine Russian economic situation through the variable of Investment, and more precisely the Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). I would like to investigate whether the low of FDI in Russia, is due to a high level of Corruption, as it is one of the factors of the Investment Climate.First of all I shall present the main variables involved, secondly investigate the existing studies on FDI and corruption and finally apply this theory to Russia in order to verify my hypothesis.FDI has played an important role in development and increasingproductivity of other emerging economic powers such as China. In Russia however FDI has been relatively low. Since the recovery after the 1998 financial crisis ¿ growth rates averaged at 7% of GDP in the period of 1997-2008, and it is forecasted to be 6%, or three times the GDP in most European countries.The growth of Russiäs output is primarily driven by private consumption. It is provided by the use of the existing industrial capacity, rather than through new ones. The investment rate in Russiäs economy remained essentially stable, at 20-25% of GDP but the FDI stuttered at 1% of GDP. However, after Russia has received Moody¿s Investment grade rating the investment has been growing faster and playing a bigger role in the economic growth. Indeed, FDI has been a substantial part of total investments in the country, in particular in some strategic sectors, like the hydrocarbon industry. Nevertheless FDI remains low in Russia due to its unattractive Investment Climate that consists of many variables such as Stability, Infrastructure, Labor cost, Market size, Transparency of legal system and Corruption. In this paper I would like to examine the significance of Corruption is as a factor for FDI.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Philosophy - Philosophy of the 20th century, , language: English, abstract: the directions often and repeatedly taken in most of the works that have been undertaken on Foucault are to place him within the general continental philosophy; to examine the theoretical and methodological breaks and continuities within his work and between his work and other major figures in the discipline; to examine the nature of his work, that is, to say whether he can be placed part on the thesis, the accepted ¿classics¿ of Continental Thought, or with the postmodern, post-structural antithesis; to examine the outcome of his work or what impacts his work has had on Western culture. The present study rather asks a very simple and straightforward question and, that is, how did the way Foucault use historical archaeology allowed him, as an analyst, to change himself from within Or how Foucault¿s usage of language constantly changed himself from within Or what is there in language, if it comes from outside, that transforms the reader from within Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,0, University of Duisburg-Essen (Anglophone Studien), language: English, abstract: The Interesting Narrative of the Life of Olaudah Equiano or Gustavus Vassa, the African. Written by Himself is the astonishing and moving autobiography of an 18th century slave. The author, the aforementioned Olaudah Equiano , tells the story of his life, recounting events such as his capture in Africa at early childhood, the notorious Middle Passage, his time in the service of the Quaker Robert King, his life as a freedman in the Caribbean, and finally his involvement in the abolitionist cause.This term paper will be concerned with the author¿s observations of the conditions of slavery in the West Indies, made first as a slave to Mr King, later as a free businessman. His account will be checked against external evidence drawn from a number of scholarly sources. The comparison includes the development of the slave trade in Africa and the rise of the Caribbean slave societies in the light of the ¿sugar revolution¿, although the working conditions of slaves, together with the treatment of freedmen, will be at the centre of attention. While my original interest lay in researching the accuracy of Equianös version, my fascination gradually shifted from the ¿if¿ to the ¿why¿ and brought the question of identity into play. What with the restricted dimensions of this essay, the critical evaluation in the final chapter cannot provide the full range of answers, but offer a profound basis for a more specialist examination of the topic of identity in slave narratives.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject American Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,0, University of Paderborn (Anglistik und Amerikanistik), course: Chicano and Chicana Literature and Culture, language: English, abstract: The capital of Mexico, Mexico City, is located on the remains of an old city. This city, which was once big and gorgeous and was called Tenochtitlan, was razed to the ground in a very short period of time and in a very cruel manner by foreign invaders on August 13th, 1521. Once Tenochtitlan was a capital city of the Aztecs (or how they called themselves Mexica), which they founded in the year 1325. In the course of only few centuries they managed to establish an immense empire, which is known as the Aztec empire today. The Mexica/Aztecs mark the beginning of the Mexican culture. Thus, in this term paper I will be dealing with the Chicano culture at its very beginning.Who were the Aztecs What does Aztec mean Where did they come from And how did they manage to establish such a big and powerful empire Why Tenochtitlan has been destroyed This term paper works with these questions. In order to answer them, a little journey through the history has to be done. Hence, this term paper also offers an overview of the most important events that occurred at that time.But my primary concern will be to find out how the European invaders managed to overthrow the Aztec empire. Or how could the Aztec empire fall to a small group of Spanish invaders How is it possible In other words, I would like to find out the reasons for the fall of the Aztec empire.A paper about the history, and especially the Ancient history, is a hard venture. Because of a great variety of secondary literature and accordingly of the different opinions and views of the authors of this books relating to this theme one can quickly lose track of things. The analysis is getting even more difficult because we have only few source documents from the Aztecs today, so that one can not know for sure what really happened at that time.The information about the Aztecs survived in the Aztec codices like, for example, Codex Mendoza, where the conquests of the Aztec kings and tribute areas are registered, it contains also a short ethnographic overview. Other documents, that we have today, are basically chronicles of the Spanish conquerors, for example, ¿Historia verdadera de la conquista de la Nueva Españä written by Bernal Díaz del Castillo; or 5 letters of Cortés to the Spanish king.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2005 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Literature, grade: 1,3, Free University of Berlin (Institut für Englische Philologie), course: Hauptseminar, language: English, abstract: 1. IntroductionAnthony Trollope, together with his works, gives us a typical example of Victorian commodity culture which he himself recognised by comparing himself with shoemakers, carpenters and other production workers. He saw writing novels as satisfying the demands of the consumers (the readers of his novels) and generation of products (his books) for the market. After his death, Trollope's autobiography was published, after which his reputation suffered a lot because people found out that he worked after a strict production schedule and, furthermore, he admitted that he wrote for money. He also called the dislike of money false and misplaced. Other writers criticised his point of view because they claimed that a true writer should not be concerned with money. Trollope, however, maintained accounting books in which he noted the number of pages he wrote, how many pages he wrote per hour etc. He saw himself as a producer of ¿marketable commodities¿ and a typical example of this is his novel The Eustace Diamonds, which is itself a satirical representation of the circulation of commodities. In the novel, the character of Lizzie Eustace, a young widow, refuses to return a precious diamond necklace given to her by her late husband to his family, who claims it is a family heirloom and, therefore, part of their property. She tries everything she can to keep the diamonds, from faking a theft of the diamonds to trying to persuade and even blackmail several men into marrying her and, thus, protecting her from the law. She even commits perjury after the real theft of the diamonds. What follows is an account of the legal debate about whether the necklace is an heirloom or paraphernalia and the social activity connected to the debate, which is stimulated by desires, intrigues and social exchange. And it is not only the necklace that is considered as part of the circulation of commodities in the novel, but the women who are eligible for marriage are also treated in the same way. Those are Lizzie, Lucy and Lucinda ¿ their similar names already suggest that they represent three aspects of the same topic, which is the commodification of women in the marriage market.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Essay from the year 2011 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: keine, Baden-Wuerttemberg Cooperative State University (DHBW), course: Intercultural Management, language: English, abstract: In this seminar paper I want to discuss about IBM¿s efforts in the biotechnology and nanotechnology sector. As the lecture international management designated I will coin these efforts with strategies of market entry within Germany. I have chosen IBM, a US-based company, because it is highly involved in building future technologies. The Company is well known for its activities around the world and sees itself as a globally integrated enterprise. However, cultural attitudes of different countries still determine the success or failure of market entries. Germany is known as a technology-leading country. Also dealing with powerful NGO¿s the success of new market entry with modern technology might seems less predictable .In the first part of this paper I give a brief description about IBM, its research fields related to the topic and outline four research examples. Followed by an introduc-tion of Germany¿s cultural attitude to bio- and nanotechnology I provide some strategic suggestions on how IBM could manage the expansion of its efforts within the targeted country.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Leadership and Human Resources - Miscellaneous, grade: 1,3, Technical University of Chemnitz (Fakultät für Wirtschaftswissenschaften - Professur für Personalführung), course: Human Resource Management Research, language: English, abstract: Firms going global aim to broaden their range of sales, production or sourcing. Lee and Makhija (2009) confirmed that international investments (export-related investments and foreign-direct investments) could provide flexibility. What the authors didn¿t expound on is how Human Resource Management could contribute. The goal of this paper is to show some possibilities concerning qualitative (e.g. broaden the range of employees skills and competencies), quantitative (e.g. use non-standard contract arrangements) and strategic (e.g. linkage of Human Resource Management and top-management concerning strategy development and implementation) contributions of Human Resource Management.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Communications - Public Relations, Advertising, Marketing, Social Media, grade: 1,3, AKAD University of Applied Sciences Stuttgart, language: English, abstract: 'Conjoint analysis has become one of today¿s most widelyused marketing research tools.It goes beyond simple surveys, providing a more realistic approach to understanding customers attitudes, opinions, and behaviors.'(Orme, 2010, p. 7)The author Orme (2010, p. 7) emphasises in his book the growing popularity of conjoint analysis in marketing research. According to Orme (2010, p. 1) the consumer preferences are changing constantly with an increasing speed. Therefore many marketing managers ask themselves, how they could asses client preferences Which product characteristics are most important to the customer and what price brings the maximum profit From Wilcox¿s (2003, p. 1) point of view conjoint analysis gives answers to these most critical questions of marketing research. The conjoint analysis is a marketing research technique designed to help managers determine the value system of clients and potential customers (Wilcox, 2003, p. 1). Introduced as a fundamental measurement method by the mathematical psychologists Luce and Tukey (1964, p. 1) more than forty years ago, conjoint analysis presents combination of features in product profiles and ask people to rank or make choice among of them. Finally, the results can be used for new product design, targeting, pricing and market segmentation (Dolan, 1990, p. 1).However, there arises the question what is conjoint analysis really and why it has become so popular in contrast to other marketing research techniques In order to answer these questions, section 2.1 defines the terms marketing and market research and outlines the contrast between them. Section 2.2 gives an overview of different preference measurement techniques before it deals with the conjoint analysis itself. Chapter 3 presents the main chapter of this assignment. At first, it gives a brief overview of the role of conjoint analysis in the marketing concept. The next two sections illustrate an exemplary conjoint analysis survey and show the usage of conjoint analysis for the design of marketing strategies. Moreover chapter 4 discusses the advantages and disadvantages of conjoint analysis. Finally chapter 5 summarizes the basic insights and gives a short perspective.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Communications - Intercultural Communication, grade: 1,3, European University Viadrina Frankfurt (Oder) (Kulturwissenschaftliche Fakultät), course: Culture and Ethnicity, language: English, abstract: Within the last few years Germany has been confronted with a vast debate on integration policy. It was not until the year of 2005 that the first national integration law was enacted. Even though Germany has been an immigration country since the 1950s, the necessity of aspecific law framework has been neglected blindly for decades. Already in 2006 about 23% of the children born in Germany had at least one foreign parent (cf. Foroutan & Schäfer, 2009, p.12). The media still talk about ¿the migrant¿. But it finally has to reach people¿s minds that there is no clear distinction between ¿the German¿ and ¿the foreigner¿. In fact, the matter of identity has to be reconsidered. About 18.6% of Germany¿s overall population possess a migration background (cf. Wippermann & Flaig, 2009, p.3), which signifies, that these individuals face the challenge of cultural contradictory on a daily basis. The permanent negotiation of belonging characterizes the dichotomy between retention of the ethnic and adoption of the German culture. Hence, this phenomenon creates a specific kind of identity, the so called ¿third space¿, which in the present work I will refer to as hybrid identity. Theterms transnational and hyphenated identity are used synonymously in the relevant literature, but I will apply only to the former name to avoid any confusion. Moreover, this new kind of identity requires rethinking the concept of nationality and raises citizenship issues.The present work shall examine the phenomena of hybrid identity formation in detail: Under which criteria does it emerge and how is the synthesis of two cultural backgrounds depicted in everyday life After introducing general findings on this topic, I will apply these aspects to the Turkish population in Germany by evaluating several surveys. Even though ethnic Turks do not appear to be the biggest ethnic group in Germany anymore, they represent cultural features including their religion, which makes the observation of their case study more controversial. Data on the German citizenship law will top off the chain of arguments concerning the necessity of nationality for the belonging of hybrid identities.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 36 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Project Report from the year 2010 in the subject Business economics - Offline Marketing and Online Marketing, grade: 100%, Ottawa University, course: Multinational Business Policy, language: English, abstract: A passion for food was the driving force for Sinclair Beecham and Julian Metcalfe, two college friends who were hungry for tasty and healthy sandwiches, when they opened the first Prêt a Manger in 1986. The company was founded in London, England on the basis of making proper sandwiches while avoiding obscure chemicals, additives and preservatives that were common for prepared food in the market at the time. This one of a kind restaurant blossomed, as it offered consumers a product that could not be found anywhere else. Prêt a Manger has differentiated itself in three main categories: the menu, the level of customer service and the dedication to sustainability. A soup, sandwich or salad from Prêt a Manger is made with all natural ingredients. There are no artificial colours or no additives, just good taste. They get their supplies from local vendors and are always looking for new flavours in the area. Poor service cannot be found in a Prêt a Manger store. The staff are all exceptionally trained and treated for the best overall customer experience. Prêt a Manger's sustainability goals, which are primarily to reduce their environmental impact, are updated regularly as they want to continuously decrease their environmental footprint. The food industry leaves a lot of room for waste, but not for Prêt a Manger. They donate all their unsold sandwiches, salads and baguettes to the homeless at the end of each day. Prêt a Manger is privately owned, and thus does not have the pressure to grow as quickly as a public company does. However, they are continuously growing. There are over 200 stores in the UK and Prêt a Manger has expanded to New York City, Chicago, Washington DC and Hong Kong. Prêt a Manger is synonymous with good taste.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2010 in the subject Leadership and Human Resources - Miscellaneous, grade: 1.0, University of Innsbruck (Department of Organisation and Learning), course: Issues in Management Development, language: English, abstract: Outdoor Management Development is a concept, based on experiential learning theory, and combines several tasks and activities conducted in the outdoors, with the purpose of facilitating management development and improving organizational processes. The mainstream literature is primarily concerned with the effectiveness of training programmes and the quantifiable observation of performance. Thus, it is strongly biased towards positivism and functionalism. The purpose of our paper is to provide an overview of the literature, and to develop a critical perspective on the concept. We argue that OutdoorManagement Development must not be seen as a neutral management tool, but is subject to specific social and political contexts. It should be seen as an emergent process and approached with reflexive awareness. We argue that reflexive practice may be capable of dealing with the issues of context, politics and process, we are discussing throughout the critical part of this paper.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2011 in the subject Sociology - Economy and Industry, , language: English, abstract: There is a worldwide perception that large number of small-scale fishers, especially in Africa, live in poverty. We applied a mixed-methods of interview, catch assessment and observation to understand the socio-economic characteristics and perception of poverty in artisanal fisheries of Kpong Reservoir of Ghana. Specifically, we asked the following questions: What are the socio-economic characteristics of the fishing communities in terms of age, education, household sizes and fishing experience What is the distribution of fishing costs and household expenses What is the perception of poverty in terms of understanding, nature and causes Results of the study show that the socio-economic characteristics of the fishers around the reservoir are quite similar. However, they differ in terms of income and household expenditures. Dominant gears used consist of purse seine and gill nets. This study also revealed that fishers have an in-depth perception and knowledge about poverty in the fishing communities; and that it is multi-dimensional in nature other than soley from lack of income. From the study, fishers were able to identify the most vulnerable groups to poverty in the communities. Keywords: socio-economics; small-scale fisheries; poverty; reservoir; KpongBooks on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Scientific Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - Finance, grade: 1.3, University of Paderborn, course: International Finance, language: English, abstract: In the aftermath of various crises such as the Asian financial crisis at the end of the nineties, which had a huge impact on the national and globalized political economies worldwide, a process of massive reserve accumulation started, especially in East Asia [Bar-Ilan/Marion 2009: 802]. This process of reserve accumulation initiated a rapid change of the world¿s pattern causing changing demands that need to be handled since the beginning of the new century.The so called globalized world realized that not only the power they were given to affect own policies and long term contingency approaches should be taken into account, but also they had to admit that intergovernmental interaction needs to play a decisive role in every deliberation of political and financial activity. Having the present economic situation in mind, almost every day new banks and financial institutions are collapsing while driving down the world further in a downward spiral. Obviously, the confidence and reliance on the conceptual skills concerning financial matters is suffering tremendously ever since these crises and need to be reestablished contemporarily in order to stimulate the indispensable demand for goods and services.Since 1997, the emerging markets have boosted their international reserve holdings by 60% [Walters/Cruz 2008: 665] and even the developing nations increased their foreign exchange reserves from around 8% in the 80s to almost 30% of GDP in 2004 [Rodrik 2006: 4]. Therefore, this paper will have a closer look on what the immanent theoretical justifications declare from the economical point of view and clarify what effects this process has especially on the Brazilian economy. The reason for having this discussion is the fact that ¿reserve inadequacy could affect individual countries differently¿ and thereby each country ¿opted to hold more reserves than others and it seemed only natural to ask at what point reserves became inadequate; or indeed excessive¿ [Bird/Rajan 2003: 873]. Consecutively the different reason and goals for performing reserve accumulation will be discussed in an idiosyncratic sense.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2011 in the subject Economics - Finance, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel (Department of Economics), course: Seminar in Public Economics and Social Policy: Federalism and (De)Centralization, language: English, abstract: An implemented tax system causes distortions which leads to a minor overall welfare level compared to a system without taxes. This deviation in social welfare is often denoted by excess burden or dead weight loss (DWL) of taxation. So the traditional optimal taxation approach comprises the implementation of a tax system which minimizes the excess burden and hence the distortions caused by the levied taxes. Therefore, the policy maker has to anticipate possible behavioral adjustments of the market participants when choosing its optimal tax policy. Assuming the policy maker will do so all effects (i.e. distortions) caused by the tax system will be internalized which means that no fiscal externalities would arise from implementing the (optimal) tax system. However, the traditional optimal taxation approach abstracts from any intergovernmental relations as the existence of only one government and accordingly only one level with fiscal jurisdiction is assumed. The question here is whether and to what extent federal structures (i.e. multileveled government structures) affect the optimal tax policy decision.The first attempt to take into account the characteristics of a federal systemrelated to optimal tax policy goes back to Gordon (1983) who applied the methodologyof the traditional optimal taxation approach to fiscal federalism. Therein eachunit of government (i.e. the federal and usually several state governments) decidesindependently how much of public goods to provide and in particular which taxpolicy to use in funding the provided public goods. Hence, we now consider a decentralizedform of decision-making in which each unit of government chooses theoptimal tax policy in the best interest of its own residents. As a consequence of thissolely intrajurisdictional externalities are internalized analogous to the traditionaloptimization approach. Though, it isn¿t obvious whether this solution is also optimalin the sense of an inter jurisdictional point of view. Sobel (1997), Wrede (1999)and also Keen/Kotsogiannis (2002) stated that a common pool problem emergesgiven that subordinated governments (i.e. state governments) are allowed to levytaxes as well as the federal government. This means that taxation at multiple levelslead to a shared tax base which is the fiscal analogue to the common propertyresource. Due to this overlap in tax bases any separately considered optimal taxpolicy at a certain level may affect the optimality character of the .Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 24 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Seminar paper from the year 2009 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Applied Geography, grade: 1,7, Saarland University (Anglistik), course: Canadian Northwest Coast Native Cultures, Art, History, language: English, abstract: The Northwest Coast area includes the coast of Oregon, Washington and British Columbia until the panhandle of Alaska and reaches about 100 km inland, just until the Cascade Range or coastal mountains of Canada. Several cultures developed here, that are, despite some analogies, also vary widely. But what they all have in common is a rich ceremonial and spiritual life, with enormous potential for artistic expression in music, legends and art. There are several different languages and due to the fact that there is no higher political order above the village hierarchy, the different cultures are divided into language groups.The music of the Northwest Coast is different from those of other Native American tribes, but it also varies among the tribes of the area.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 28 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Scientific Essay from the year 2010 in the subject Economics - Foreign Trade Theory, Trade Policy, grade: 97.5%, Ottawa University, course: Multinational Business Policy, language: English, abstract: Stemming from the ongoing globalization, the process of global integration and international trade has accelerated ever since. Where back in the days the trade was more or less bounded to inter-regional trade with customers, partners and countries in close proximity, nowadays goods are shipped throughout the world, costs of transportation have decreased, time to market has increased and thus the needs and desires can be served almost instantly throughout the world particularly because of the continuous support of the WTO, where ¿a plethora of bilateral and regional trading and economic cooperation agreements have been mushrooming globally, and increasingly in the Asia-Pacific, generating a wave of ¿new regionalism¿ in Asiä (Sen; Srivastava 2009: 194). Concerned by the Asian financial crisis in 1997-1998, the ASEAN countries were under the impression of a slowdown in pace of trade liberalization and thus this put pressure on these countries to engage sustainably in mutual beneficial trade and economic integration. By that, ¿at a theoretical level regional economic integration is being taken to mean deepening of intra-regional trade, expansion of mutual foreign direct investment (FDI) and harmonization of commercial regulations, standards and practices.¿ (Ekanayake; Veeramacheneni 2009: 2). This proceeding integration in ASEAN has mainly been motivated by the intention to create an attractive production base and to satisfy the rising competitive challenge on the part of China and India for both, domestic and foreign companies. (Hew; Sen 2004: 1-2). The impact especially of the ASEAN countries has raised over time, mainly in comparison to the OECD countries. ¿At the same time that developing Asiäs share in ASEAN trade has been rising substantially (from about one-third to nearly one-half of total ASEAN exports and imports over the 1990-2004 period), the share of major OECD countries has fallen commensurately.¿ (Naya; Plummer 2006: 231). As a reason for that ¿both trade and financial liberalization are believed to have propelled faster the long-run economic growth of the East Asian economies.¿ (Masron; Yusop 2008: 292).Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 32 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Master's Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, grade: 1, University of Salzburg (Universitätslehrgang Executive Master in Management ¿ MIM), language: English, abstract: In the last decades Information Technology (IT) has become vital for every company. And, a company not using IT would be unimaginable today. Primarily, IT was merely used for accelerating existent processes. Mostly standardised applications have been deployed to standard areas in companies (for example accounting software). Today, IT is an important part for modelling all types of business processes, not only the standardised processes. Furthermore, to gain competitive advantages, mere standard software is not suitable anymore. This is because standard software can not support the requirements of individualised processes, necessary for doing business better than the competitor. Therefore, either standard software is customised for supporting individualised processes or a company decides developing individualised software from the scratch.Often companies decide to develop individualised software on their own because of the following three reasons: First, the process knowledge is important for gaining competitive advantages and this confidential information must kept inside the company. Second, employees within the organisation have the best process knowledge. Effective transfer of process knowledge to the IT-department can be guaranteed. Third, customising standard software needs much external expertise which is in general expensive.Often, software development projects have budgets of several million Euros and can cause an even higher reduction of costs. Thus, process and software development has become one of the most important aspects for many IT-departments in today¿s companies.However, managing software developing projects is not an easy task. Many software developing projects are not on time and budget. An analysis of the Standish Group shows that only 26% of all software projects are completed on time and on budget and can provide the predefined functions. On the other hand, excellent developers with sophisticated approaches can increase productivity by ten to twenty times. (cf. Moll 2004) Consequently, the potential of cost reduction is very high. In future, companies have to deploy new information systems more effectively than today. Otherwise companies can not sustain competitive in faster changing markets.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 56 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Research Paper (postgraduate) from the year 2008 in the subject Business economics - Business Management, Corporate Governance, London Business School (London Business School / INSEAD), language: English, abstract: This report examines the subject of profitable growth in the modern cruise industry by comparing the financial and operating performance and the management practices of the two leading cruise operators, Carnival and Royal Caribbean, over the twelve-year period from 1996 to 2007.During the past 40 years the cruise industry has evolved from a form of mere transoceanic transportation to an alternative vacation at sea. Despite growing at a CAGR of 7.7% since 1980, the penetration rate for the cruise industry is only 17%. In North America alone the cruise industry generated $20.6 billion in 2006. By comparison, the lodging industry in North America generated revenues of $133.4 billion during the same year. The cruise industry remains a relatively young industry. This is proven by the fact that, of the 168 million passengers that have cruised globally since 1990, 72% cruised in the past ten years and 43% in the past five years alone. The cruise industry has continually expanded to meet or boost demand: 40 new ships were built in the 1980s, 80 new ships were built in the 1990s, and 46 new ships are scheduled to enter the global market within the next four years.Even though there are more than 30 brands of cruise lines, only two companies dominate this industry: Carnival Corp & Plc (CCL) and Royal Caribbean Cruises Ltd (RCL). The cruise industry remains highly segmented by product¿with a variety of brands targeting a wide array of price points, consumer needs, and itineraries¿but by the end of 2007 Carnival and Royal Caribbean alone controlled about two-thirds of the global capacity, with shares of 45% and 21% respectively. Back in 1987, their estimated combined share of global capacity was only 11%.Up until 2000, Carnival and Royal Caribbean followed a parallel revenue growth trajectory, though Carnival¿s profitability has always exceeded Royal Caribbean¿s. However, from 2001 onward Carnival consistently and visibly outperformed Royal Caribbean, virtually doubling in terms of global capacity share, and tripling in terms of revenues. A closer scrutiny of the two companies reveals that during the period 1996¿2000 Royal Caribbean outgrew Carnival in terms of revenues 4 out of 5 years. Conversely, during the period 2001¿2007, Carnival outgrew Royal Caribbean 5 out of 7 years. Most remarkable of all, Carnival achieved such astounding growth while sustaining superior profitability, as measured by its greater return on capital employed.BoD - Books on Demand, In de Tarpen 42, 22848 Norderstedt 60 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Bachelor Thesis from the year 2008 in the subject Computer Science - Programming, grade: 1, University of Vienna (Information Systems), language: English, abstract: JAssign is a Java-based application to assign students to topics of a university course according to their individual preferences used for ranking thesetopics. Interaction with the program can be conducted over a graphical user interface based on Swing which allows importing, exporting or modifying the data and setting constraints for the optimization process. This bachelor thesis documents the architecture and main functionality of the application. It also provides a basic description of Java 's Swing toolkit.Books on Demand GmbH, Überseering 33, 22297 Hamburg 52 pp. Englisch.