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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book presents the author's new method of two-stage maximization of likelihood function, which helps to solve a series of non-solving before the well-posed and ill-posed problems of pseudosolution computing systems of linear algebraic equations (or, in statistical terminology, parameters' estimators of functional relationships) and linear integral equations in the presence of deterministic and random errors in the initial data. This book, for the first time, presents a solution of the problem of reciprocal influence of passive errors of regressors and of active errors of predictors by computing point estimators of functional relationships.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - It has been more than 80 years since Valasek first recognized the existence of a dielectric analogue to ferromagnetism, ferroelectricity, in Rochelle salt. Much as with semiconductor research, the initial studies of ferroelectric materials focused on homogeneous materials. Unlike semiconductor research, however, which rapidly expanded into n- homogeneous structures and devices, investigations of compositionally graded and layered ferroelectrics have been relatively recent endeavors. Indeed, many of the most significant results and analysis pertaining to polarization-graded ferroelectrics have only appeared in publication within the last ten years. Further extensions of these concepts to the general class of order-parameter graded ferroic materials, as depicted on the cover of this book, have (with one exception) been totally lacking. It was thus with a great deal of excitement that we assembled the manuscript for this book. The primary focus of this study is directed toward polarization-graded ferroelectrics and their active components, transpacitors; however, the findings presented here are quite general. The theory of graded 2 and 5; whereas, much of the ferroics is put on a solid foundation in chapters introductory material relies more heavily upon analogy. This was done so as to provide the reader with an intuitive approach to graded ferroics, thereby enabling them to see heterogeneous ferroics as clearly logical extensions of passive semiconductor junction devices such as p-n and n-p diodes and their active manifestations, transistors, to: transpacitors, transductors, translastics, and ultimately to the general active ferroic elements, transponents.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Covers these key topics: Shared-mesh protection for optical WDM networks.Survivable traffic grooming for hierarchical optical WDM networks.Survivable data over next-generation SONET/SDH with inverse multiplexing.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Corporate Spin-Off processes are very interesting phenomena for management theory and practice. In theory, Corporate Spin-Offs are both a driver and a result of organisational change, offering the possibility to investigate an area where companies are genuinely sharing experience and best practice. In practice, Corporate Spin-Off processes are frequent and highly successful, but not as well-regarded as Merger and Acquisition strategies and less understood by the decision-makers.Success Factors of Corporate Spin-Offs was designed to meet these demands by analysing the success factors of Corporate Spin-Offs, their relative contribution to the process and the role of the different actors involved. Based on an extensive literature review and a new Spin-Off typology, a broad range of success factors and success dimensions is proposed. Using a combination of multivariate models, the responses from 211 European companies to a questionnaire are analysed and typologies derived.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Architecture Description Languages is an essential reference for both academic and professional researchers inthe field of system engineering and design. The papers presented in this volumewere selected from the workshop of the same name that was held as part of the World Computer Congress 2004 Conference, held in Toulouse, France in August 2004. This collection presents significant research and innovative developments and applications from both academic researchers and industry practitioners on topics ranging from Semantics to Tool and Development Environments.The aim of an ADL is to formally describesoftware and hardware architectures. Usually, an ADL describes components, their interfaces, their structures, their interactions (structure of data flow and control flow) and the mappings to hardware systems. A major goal of such description is to allow analysis with respect to several aspects like timing, safety, reliability. The papers in this state-of-the-art volume cover such topics of interest as components, connectors, composition; semantics and formalization; verification, simulation and test; tools and development environments; standardization; industrial projects.To encourage closer interaction between academic and industrial networking research communities, the workshop welcomed academic research papers as well as industrial contributions, and both are included here. Which makes this collection important not only for ADL experts and researchers, but also for all teachers and administrators interested in ADL.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This text is a light technical introduction to the three technical foundations for multimedia applications across the Internet: communications (principles, technologies and networking), compressive encoding of digital media, and Internet protocol and services. All the contributing systems elements are explained through descriptive text and numerous illustrative figures; the result is a book pitched toward non-specialists, preferably with technical background, who want descriptive tutorial introductions to the three foundation areas. The text discusses advances in digital audio/video coding, optical and wireless communications technologies, high-speed access networks, and IP-based media streaming, all crucial enablers of the multimedia Internet.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In human solid cancer, the lymph node (LN) status is the most important prognostic indicator for the clinical outcome of patients. Recent developments in the sentinel lymph node (SLN) concept and technology have resulted in the application of this revolutionary approach to define the first draining or SLN to which the cancer may have metastasized. The underlying thesis in solid cancer biology is that metastasis generally starts in an orderly progression, spreading through the lymphatic channels to the SLN in the nearest LN basin. Thus, the logical approach is to harvest that specific SLN for thorough analysis. Because a tumorfree SLN is usually associated with a negative residual LN basin, a negative SLN is an excellent indication that micrometastasis has not occurred in the regional LNs. When the SLN is involved, it is unknown whether or not metastasis is limited only to the SLN or if the disease has spread to the remainder of the nodal basin. For this reason, if a SLN is positive, a complete lymph node dissection is recommended. Therefore, selective sentinel lymphadenectomy (SSL) should be considered as a staging procedure so that patients with negative SLNs (about 80%) may be spared an extensive LN dissection. Malignant melanoma has been proven to be the most ideal tumor model to study the role of SLN. Subsequently, SSL has been applied to breast cancer, colon cancer and other types of solid cancer. The multidisciplinary approach encompassing the surgeon, nuclear medicine physician, and pathologist is the key to such a successful procedure. Such a team can be formed readily with appropriate training. Beyond the technical aspects of harvesting the SLN, the implication of micrometastasis remains to be defined. Because the follow-up of melanoma and breast cancer patients after SSL is crucial, ongoing clinical trials are in progress to determine the biological and clinical significance of SLNs. Although the concept of SLN is viable in other types of cancer, such as gynecological and gastrointestinal, the technical aspects of the procedure need to be perfected and verified. The most exciting possibility of SSL is that it will lead to early diagnosis of micrometastasis in regional LNs. Early diagnosis makes it useful as a clinical staging procedure, and opens up new opportunities to study micrometastasis and its evolution within the SLNs. Examining the multifaceted aspects of micrometastasis, such as differentiation of different clones with respect to the primary tumor, acquisition of adhesion molecules, and host interaction with the microscopic tumor, will shed new light on the biology of early metastasis. New molecular and genetic tools may be used to dissect the mechanisms of lymphatic and hemo togenous routes of metastasis. If such mechanisms can be understood, new therapeutic advances may be developed to prevent the process of micrometastasis. Rather than targeting larger tumor burdens such as Stage IV disease, targeted adjuvant clinical trials can be developed for high risk patients following definit ive surgical resection. SSL is a standard staging procedure for patients with melanoma and is rapidly evolving into a standard procedure for breast cancer as well.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In front of you is the finished product of your work, the text of your contributions to the 2003 Dayton International Symposium on Cell Volume and Signal Transduction. As we all recall, this symposium brought together the Doyens of Cellular and Molecular Physiology as well as aspiring young investigators and students in this field. It became a memorable event in an illustrious series of International Symposia on Cell Volume and Signaling. This series, started by Professors Vladimir Strbák, Florian Lang and Monte Greer in Smolenice, Slovakia in 1997 and continued by Professors Rolf Kinne, Florian Lang and Frank Wehner in Berlin in 2000, is projected for 2005 in Copenhagen to be hosted by our colleague, Professor Else Hoffmann and her team. We dearly miss Monte Greer to whom this symposium was dedicated and addressed so eloquently by Vladimir Strbák in his Dedication to Monte. Monte and I became friends in Smolenice and had begun to discuss the 2003 meeting only a few days before his tragic accident in 2002. There are others who were not with us, and we missed them, too. We would not have been able to succeed in this event without the unflagging support of our higher administration at Wright State University, the NIDDKD of the National Institute of Health, and the Fuji Medical System (see Acknowledgments).

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Integration is an important and practical matter in today's globalized commerce. This has led companies and organizations to place increasing emphasis on creating a seamless workflow environment from one business function to another. The academic research community recognizes the importance of providing problem-solving direction to the different, and sometimes conflicting, functional perspectives of marketing, engineering, logistics, and manufacturing. The research streams that characterize these issues are in the domain of business interfaces. These include the benefits of coordination, new product development, product portfolio management, supply chain coordination, and partnerships and collaboration in the internet space.Managing Business Interfaces: Marketing, Engineering, and Manufacturing Perspectives provides state-of-the-art summary as well as new thoughts in managing business interfaces. Through eleven invited chapters, it brings together the latest developments in leading edge research related to new product development, supply chain management, e-business operations, and field studies.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Crossroads of Entrepreneurship presents works from scholars belonging to a number of different disciplines - business history, economics, sociology and management - and addresses a cross section of issues in the entrepreneurship field. Contributions are arranged in different sections, emphasizing dialogue across disciplines and paradigms, rather than boundaries between them. The first section of the work is a compilation of papers that trace the historical roots of study in entrepreneurship in different disciplinary domains, and highlight the fundamental issues addressed by past research. A second section gathers empirical studies adopting various methods and investigating different aspects of entrepreneurial action. The third section collects contributions investigating the development of entrepreneurship in different national settings. The work reveals a convergence of issues and interests, despite paradigmatic differences, and the potential benefits of more intense conversation across disciplines.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Matching Properties of Deep Sub-Micron MOS Transistors examines this interesting phenomenon. Microscopic fluctuations cause stochastic parameter fluctuations that affect the accuracy of the MOSFET. For analog circuits this determines the trade-off between speed, power, accuracy and yield. Furthermore, due to the down-scaling of device dimensions, transistor mismatch has an increasing impact on digital circuits. The matching properties of MOSFETs are studied at several levels of abstraction:A simple and physics-based model is presented that accurately describes the mismatch in the drain current. The model is illustrated by dimensioning the unit current cell of a current-steering D/A converter.The most commonly used methods to extract the matching properties of a technology are bench-marked with respect to model accuracy, measurement accuracy and speed, and physical contents of the extracted parameters. The physical origins of microscopic fluctuations and how they affect MOSFET operation are investigated. This leads to a refinement of the generally applied 1/area law. In addition, the analysis of simple transistor models highlights the physical mechanisms that dominate the fluctuations in the drain current and transconductance. The impact of process parameters on the matching properties is discussed. The impact of gate line-edge roughness is investigated, which is considered to be one of the roadblocks to the further down-scaling of the MOS transistor. Matching Properties of Deep Sub-Micron MOS Transistors is aimed at device physicists, characterization engineers, technology designers, circuit designers, or anybody else interested in the stochastic properties of the MOSFET.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Extending Web Services Technologies addresses the rapidly growing impact of Multi-Agent Systems on web services tools and techniques. In particular, the book addresses the potential for MAS techniques to impact the difficult challenges that must be tackled for web services technology to realize its promises. The area of web services offers the multi-agent community exciting research possibilities, including similarities in system architectures, powerful tools, and a focus on issues such as trust and reliability. Likewise, techniques developed in the multi-agent research community promise to have a strong impact on this fast growing technology. The contents contain contributions by leading international researchers and professionals from both the web services and Multi-Agent Systems community. Topics include semantic web services and associated standards, architectures integrating agents and services, transactions, authorization, and service composition.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Dramatic advances have occurred over the last few years in the research field of cancer biology. There has been a constant accumulation of important new information, resulting in a gradual transformation on the perceptions that exist among scientists regarding mechanisms by which the malignant phenotype develops. The recent developments in cancer research have also had a substantial impact in efforts towards the development of new cancer therapies. One of the most explosive and rapidly advancing research areas has been the area of cytokines and cancer. Many perceptions have changed from the original discovery, decades ago, of the interferon, to the current state of the art cytokine research. It is now well recognized that many cytokines play important roles in normal cellular functions, while some of them have prominent roles in the pathophysiology of cancer. It is also now firmly established that several cytokines promote the growth of cancer cells, while others act as suppressors of malignant cell proliferation. The importance of the cytokine signaling field in cancer is reflected by the development of multiple treatments that have been introduced in clinical oncology over the last few years. Understanding the physiological functions of cytokines, as well as their precise roles in the pathogenesis of certain malignancies, is extremely important in the current clinical era.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The role of the consumer has changed from seeking the most satisfaction from goods and services to reconciling consumption with active citizenship, which links consumption to modern social issues such as environmental protection, sound business ethics, and fair working conditions. Understanding consumers -- the way they buy products, the way they relate to questions of environmental importance, and the way they participate in public policy formulation processes -is of vital importance to modern society. In this book, eminent researchers examine contemporary issues related to the field of consumers, policy, and the environment.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The advancement of a scientific discipline depends not only on the 'big heroes' of a discipline, but also on a community's ability toreflect on what has been done in the past and what should be done in the future. This volume combines perspectives on both. It celebrates the merits of Michael Otte as one of the most important founding fathers of mathematics education by bringingtogether all the new and fascinating perspectivescreated through his career as a bridge builder in the field of interdisciplinary research and cooperation. The perspectives elaborated here are for the greatest part motivated by the impressing variety of Otte's thoughts; however, the idea is not to look back, but to find out where the research agenda might lead us in the future.This volume provides new sources of knowledge based on Michael Otte's fundamental insight that understanding the problems of mathematics education - how to teach, how to learn, how to communicate, how to do, and how to represent mathematics - depends on means, mainly philosophical and semiotic, that have to be created first of all, and to be reflected from the perspectives of a multitude of diverse disciplines.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In a context of global competition, the optimization of logistics systems is inescapable. Logistics Systems: Design and Optimization falls within this perspective and presents twelve chapters that well illustrate the variety and the complexity of logistics activities. Each chapter is written by recognized researchers who have been commissioned to survey a specific topic or emerging area of logistics. The first chapter, by Riopel, Langevin, and Campbell, develops a framework for the entire book. It classifies logistics decisions and highlights the relevant linkages to logistics decisions. The intricacy of these linkages demonstrates how thoroughly the decisions are interrelated and underscores the complexity of managing logistics activities. Each of the chapters focus on quantitative methods for the design and optimization of logistics systems.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This volume, 'Theory and Applications of Special Functions,' is d- icated to Mizan Rahman in honoring him for the many important c- tributions to the theory of special functions that he has made over the years, and still continues to make. Some of the papers were presented at a special session of the American Mathematical Society Annual Meeting in Baltimore, Maryland, in January 2003 organized by Mourad Ismail. Mizan Rahman's contributions are not only contained in his own - pers, but also indirectly in other papers for which he supplied useful and often essential information. We refer to the paper on his mathematics in this volume for more information. This paper contains some personal recollections and tries to describe Mizan Rahman's literary writings in his mother tongue, Bengali. An even more personal paper on Mizan Rahman is the letter by his sons, whom we thank for allowing us to reproduce it in this book. The theory of special functions is very much an application driven field of mathematics. This is a very old field, dating back to the 18th century when physicists and mathematician were looking for solutions of the fundamental differential equations of mathematical physics. Since then the field has grown enormously, and this book reflects only part of the known applications.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The book is focused on the use of functional oxide and nitride films to enlarge the application range of MEMS (microelectromechanical systems), including micro-sensors, micro-actuators, transducers, and electronic components for microwaves and optical communications systems. Applications, emerging applications, fabrication technology and functioning issues are presented and discussed. The book covers the following topics:Part A: Applications and devices with electroceramic-based MEMS:Chemical microsensors Microactuators based on thin films Micromachined ultrasonic transducers Thick-film piezoelectric and magnetostrictive devices Pyroelectric microsystems RF bulk acoustic wave resonators and filters High frequency tunable devicesMEMS for optical functionality Part B: Materials, fabrication technology, and functionality:Ceramic thick films for MEMS Piezoelectric thin films for MEMSMaterials and technology in thin films for tunable high frequency devices Permittivity, tunability and loss in ferroelectrics for reconfigurable high frequency electronics Microfabrication of piezoelectric MEMS Nano patterning methods for electroceramicsSoft lithography emerging techniques The book is addressed to engineers, scientists and researchers of various disciplines, device engineers, materials engineers, chemists, physicists and microtechnologists who are working and/or interested in this fast growing and highly promising field.The publication of this book follows a Special Issue on electroceramic-based MEMS that was published in the Journal of Electroceramics at the beginning of 2004. The ten invited papers of that special issue were adapted by the authors into chapters of the present book and five additional chapters were added.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book contains refereed papers which were presented at the 34th Workshop of the International School of Mathematics 'G. Stampacchia,' the International Workshop on Optimization and Control with Applications. The book contains 28 papers that are grouped according to four broad topics: duality and optimality conditions, optimization algorithms, optimal control, and variational inequality and equilibrium problems. The specific topics covered in the individual chapters include optimal control, unconstrained and constrained optimization, complementarity and variational inequalities, equilibrium problems, semi-definite programs, semi-infinite programs, matrix functions and equations, nonsmooth optimization, generalized convexity and generalized monotinicity, and their applications. AudienceThis book is suitable for researchers, practitioners, and postgraduate students in optimization, operations research, and optimal control.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Brain Control of Wakefulness and Sleeping explores the history of efforts to understand the nature of waking and sleeping states from a biological point of view. This research represents the synthesis of the work of two individuals who have devoted their careers to investigating the mysterious states of the mind. This landmark book will interest the beginner scientist/researcher as well as the sleep clinician, with chapters on subjects including Neuronal Control of REM Sleep, Motor Systems and the Role of Active Forebrain, and Humoral Systems in Sleep Control. The authors explore the behavioral and physiological events of waking and sleep, analyzing the current realities and the future possibilities of unifying basic studies on anatomy and cellular psychology.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - On average, 60% of the world's people and cargo is transported by vehicle that move on rubber tires over roadways of various construction, composition, and quality. The number of such vehicles, including automobiles and all manner of trucks, increases continually with a growing positive impact on accessibility and a growing negative impact on interactions among humans and their relationship to the surrounding environment. This multiplicity of vehicles, through their physical impact and their emissions, is responsible for, among other negative results: waste of energy, pollution through emission of harmful compounds, degradation of road surfaces, crowding of roads leading to waste of time and increase of social stress, and decrease in safety and comfort. In particular, the safety of vehicular traffic depends on a man-vehicle-road system that includes both active and passive security controls. In spite of the drawbacks mentioned above, the governments of almost every country in the world not only expect but facilitate improvements in vehicular transport performance in order to increase such parameters as load capacity and driving velocity, while decreasing such parameters as costs to passengers, energy resources investments, fuel consumption, etc. Some of the problems have clear, if not always easily attainable, solutions.