springer sep 2004 (43 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Much has been written on WMD terrorism, but few books present a systems approach to this problem. In this book, we present an integrated view of WMD terrorism. The threat section reviews several scenarios that a terrorist might use and a very comprehensive list of the possible biological organisms and compounds that can be used as biological, mid-spectrum, and chemical threats. In the science and technology section, the technical aspects of a successful defense against WMD agents are presented. Arguments are presented for the control of the release of scientific information to bolster CB defense. Approaches to biological agent detection and a system for ranking detection technologies are discussed next. The generic approach to biological screening and detection is then illustrated with some applications of generic detectors to water, food, and aerosol. The future of biological detection and identification is also presented, along with a call to perhaps change the paradigms that we are using. The last section of the book deals with response system planning. An example of regional cooperation is presented. Risk-based management is discussed and a practical example of this approach to emergency planning is presented. Arguments for an epidemiological reporting system are presented, while the last chapter discusses means to integrate the various components of a response system via a software tool.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware -Easily accessibleSpringer-Verlag GmbH, Tiergartenstr. 17, 69121 Heidelberg 314 pp. Englisch.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Complex geometry studies (compact) complex manifolds. It discusses algebraic as well as metric aspects. The subject is on the crossroad of algebraic and differential geometry. Recent developments in string theory have made it an highly attractive area, both for mathematicians and theoretical physicists.The author's goal is to provide an easily accessible introduction to the subject. The book contains detailed accounts of the basic concepts and the many exercises illustrate the theory. Appendices to various chapters allow an outlook to recent research directions.Daniel Huybrechts is currently Professor of Mathematics at the University Denis Diderot in Paris.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book had its genesis in a symposium on gas hydrates presented at the 2003 Spring National Meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. The symposium consisted of twenty papers presented in four sessions over two days. Additional guest authors were invited to provide continuity and cover topics not addressed during the symposium. Gas hydrates are a unique class of chemical compounds where molecules of one compound (the guest material) are enclosed, without bonding chemically, within an open solid lattice composed of another compound (the host material). These types of configurations are known as clathrates. The guest molecules, u- ally gases, are of an appropriate size such that they fit within the cage formed by the host material. Commonexamples of gas hydrates are carbon dioxide/water and methane/water clathrates. At standard pressure and temperature, methane hydrate contains by volume 180 times as much methane as hydrate. The United States Geological Survey (USGS) has estimated that there is more organic carbon c- tained as methane hydrate than all other forms of fossil fuels combined. In fact, methane hydrates could provide a clean source of energy for several centuries. Clathrate compounds were first discovered in the early 1800s when Humphrey Davy and Michael Faraday were experimenting with chlorine-water mixtures.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Preface JIM BYRNES The chapters in this volume were presented at the July 2003NATO Advanced Study Institute on Computational Noncommutative Algebra and Applications. The conference was held at the beautiful Il Ciocco - sort near Lucca, in the glorious Tuscany region of northern Italy. Once again we gathered at this idyllic spot to explore and extend the re- procity between mathematics and engineering. The dynamic interaction between world-renowned scientists from the usually disparate com- nities of pure mathematicians and applied scientists, which occurred at our 1989, 1991, 1992, 1998, and 2000 ASI s, continued at this meeting. The fusion of algebra, analysis and geometry, and their application to real world problems, have been dominant themes underlying mat- matics for over a century. Geometric algebras, introduced and classi ed by Cli ord in the late 19th century, have played a prominent role in this e ort, as seen in the mathematical work of Cartan, Brauer, Weyl, Chevelley, Atiyah, and Bott, and in applications to physics in the work of Pauli, Dirac and others. One of the most important applications of geometric algebras to geometry is to the representation of groups of - clidean and Minkowski rotations. This aspect and its direct relation to robotics and vision were discussed by several of the Principal Lecturers, and are covered in this book.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Preface JIM BYRNES The chapters in this volume were presented at the July 2003NATO Advanced Study Institute on Computational Noncommutative Algebra and Applications. The conference was held at the beautiful Il Ciocco - sort near Lucca, in the glorious Tuscany region of northern Italy. Once again we gathered at this idyllic spot to explore and extend the re- procity between mathematics and engineering. The dynamic interaction between world-renowned scientists from the usually disparate com- nities of pure mathematicians and applied scientists, which occurred at our 1989, 1991, 1992, 1998, and 2000 ASI s, continued at this meeting. The fusion of algebra, analysis and geometry, and their application to real world problems, have been dominant themes underlying mat- matics for over a century. Geometric algebras, introduced and classi ed by Cli ord in the late 19th century, have played a prominent role in this e ort, as seen in the mathematical work of Cartan, Brauer, Weyl, Chevelley, Atiyah, and Bott, and in applications to physics in the work of Pauli, Dirac and others. One of the most important applications of geometric algebras to geometry is to the representation of groups of - clidean and Minkowski rotations. This aspect and its direct relation to robotics and vision were discussed by several of the Principal Lecturers, and are covered in this book.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Industries and particularly the manufacturing sector have been facing difficult challenges in a context of socio-economic turbulence characterized by complexity as well as the speed of change in causal interconnections in the socio-economic environment. In order to respond to these challenges companies are forced to seek new technological and organizational solutions. In this context two main characteristics emerge as key properties of a modern automation system - agility and distribution. Agility because systems need not only to be flexible in order to adjust to a number of a-priori defined scenarios, but rather must cope with unpredictability. Distribution in the sense that automation and business processes are becoming distributed and supported by collaborative networks. Emerging Solutions for Future Manufacturing Systems includes the papers selected for the BASYS'04 conference, which was held in Vienna, Austria in September 2004 and sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP).

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The Japanese population is aging faster than any other in the world. The per centage of Japan's population aged 65 and above was only 7.1% in 1970,but just 30 years later, in 2000, it reached 17.2%. A declining birth rate and a rising average life expectancy will continue to push this trend further. This situation is causing serious problems for Japanese society.Structural reforms, especially tax and social security reforms, to accommodate this drastic demographic change have become an urgent policy issue. The purpose of this book is to establish guidelines for tax and social security reforms in Japan in terms that are both efficient and equitable. In this study, an extended life-cycle general equilibrium model is employed to rigorously take account of the rapidly aging Japanese population. The simulation approach adopted in our analysis permits us to calculate the effects of alternative policy packages on capital accumulation and economic welfare. This enables us to make proposals for concrete economic policies.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - by S. GUASCHINO Dean, Trieste University School of Medicine The society we live in is in continual development and has a number of priori ties for improving the standards of communication. The scientific sector in par ticular thrives on the exchange of information, which is the foundation of progress itself. The channels through which this interaction takes place are many and are aimed at optimising teaching methodology. Researchers and scholars, research centres and the places of higher learning themselves are increasingly aware of the growing importance of universities, which, thanks to their intrinsic ability to renew themselves, have taken on a vital central and propulsive role. Communication develops as a result of free exchange, debate of the materials available and the study of the various references and analysis sources. With the advent. of information systems, the teaching methodology has assumed a decisive role, both in terms of the quantity of data available and the quality of the information. Distance learning is a new and important opportu nity for the immediate future. The Anaesthesia and Critical Care School of Trieste has promoted this inter esting and highly relevant initiative by drawing together teaching material from the academic year 2003/2004. Numerous international lecturers have con tributed to this valuable achievement. In addition, a large part of the material is the fruit of a real consortium between the various Italian Schools of Anaesthesia.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In this new edition, the fundamental material on classical linear aeroelasticity has been revised. Also new material has been added describing recent results on the research frontiers dealing with nonlinear aeroelasticity as well as major advances in the modellingof unsteady aerodynamic flows using the methods of computational fluid dynamics and reduced order modeling techniques. New chapters on aeroelasticity in turbomachinery and aeroelasticity and the latter chapters for a more advanced course, a graduate seminar or as a reference source for an entrée to the research literature.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Optical networks have moved from laboratory settings and theoretical research to real-world deployment and service-oriented explorations. New technologies such as Ethernet PON, traffic grooming, regional and metropolitan network architectures and optical packet switching are being explored, and the landscape is continuously and rapidly evolving. Some of the important issues involving these new technologies involve the architectural, protocol, and performance related issues. This book addresses many of these issues and presents a birds eye view of some of the more promising technologies. Researchers and those pursuing advanced degrees in this field will be able to see where progress is being made and new technologies are emerging.Emerging Optical Network Technologies: Architectures, Protocols and Performance provides state-of-the-art material written by the most prominent professionals in their respective areas.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - As urban areas keep growing, water infrastructure ages, and the requirements on environmental protection become more rigorous, there is a continual need for upgrading water pollution control facilities and restoring degraded urban waters. Such issues are addressed in this book by focusing on five major topics: (a) Upgrading stormwater management facilities, (b) Retrofitting / upgrading combined sewer overflow (CSO) facilities, (c) Optimising/upgrading sewage treatment plant performance, (d) Urban stream restoration, and (e) Challenges in restoring urban environment. Each chapter contains some overview papers followed by research or case study papers. Besides presentations of new approaches and accomplishments in the field of upgrading and restoration, several papers provide analysis of vast needs in this field in several countries of Central and Eastern Europe, which either recently joined the European Union (EU) or are preparing for accession, and need to comply with the existing EU directives dealing with environmental protection. As such, this book will be of primary interest to researchers and university lecturers dealing with environmental upgrading and restoration, environmental planners from all levels of government, municipal engineers and politicians, and finally the private industry representatives (consultants, private utilities and environmental technology suppliers) searching for new business opportunities among the new or aspiring members of EU.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Prof. Dr. -Ing. Wolfgang Spyra Brandenburg University of Technology in Cottbus, Germany The demilitarization and conversion of military properties wor- wide has been a topic of growing importance since the end of the Cold War. The slowing of the arms race brought on by weapons treaties and relaxed tensions between NATO and Warsaw Pact nations caused sto- piles of conventional weapons to become superfluous. The need to process and dispose of such weapons began more quickly in NATO countries. This demilitarization process began shortly after the reunification of Germany and was largely completed by the mid to late 1990's. The remaining process, no small task in itself, of converting lands formerly used by the military into safe and environmentally acceptable landscapes may continue for decades to come. Due to a lack of resources and technology, the process of demilitarization in the former Warsaw Pact countries has launched more slowly. In 2002 both Georgia and Moldova finished projects which destroyed their stocks of liquid ballistic missile components. Both these projects were carried out through the cooperative support of trans-national organizations, private contractors, and research institutions. The Republic of Azerbaijan now finds itself at the beginning of its demilitarization process. Stored at the country's military depots are over 2000 tons of missile fuels, oxidizer, and chemical additives. This hazardous waste is kept in tanks intended only for temporary transport and storage.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Prof. Dr. -Ing. Wolfgang Spyra Brandenburg University of Technology in Cottbus, Germany The demilitarization and conversion of military properties wor- wide has been a topic of growing importance since the end of the Cold War. The slowing of the arms race brought on by weapons treaties and relaxed tensions between NATO and Warsaw Pact nations caused sto- piles of conventional weapons to become superfluous. The need to process and dispose of such weapons began more quickly in NATO countries. This demilitarization process began shortly after the reunification of Germany and was largely completed by the mid to late 1990's. The remaining process, no small task in itself, of converting lands formerly used by the military into safe and environmentally acceptable landscapes may continue for decades to come. Due to a lack of resources and technology, the process of demilitarization in the former Warsaw Pact countries has launched more slowly. In 2002 both Georgia and Moldova finished projects which destroyed their stocks of liquid ballistic missile components. Both these projects were carried out through the cooperative support of trans-national organizations, private contractors, and research institutions. The Republic of Azerbaijan now finds itself at the beginning of its demilitarization process. Stored at the country's military depots are over 2000 tons of missile fuels, oxidizer, and chemical additives. This hazardous waste is kept in tanks intended only for temporary transport and storage.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The development of materials for any replacement or regeneration application should be based on the thorough understanding of the structure to be substituted. This is true in many fields, but particularly exigent in substitution and regeneration medicine. The demands upon the material properties largely depend on the site of application and the function it has to restore. Ideally, a replacement material should mimic the living tissue from a mechanical, chemical, biological and functional point of view. Of course this is much easier to write down than to implement in clinical practice. Mineralized tissues such as bones, tooth and shells have attracted, in the last few years, considerable interest as natural anisotropic composite structures with adequate mechanical properties. In fact, Nature is and will continue to be the best materials scientist ever. Who better than nature can design complex structures and control the intricate phenomena (processing routes) that lead to the final shape and structure (from the macro to the nano level) of living creatures Who can combine biological and physico-chemical mechanisms in such a way that can build ideal structure-properties relationships Who, else than Nature, can really design smart structural components that respond in-situ to exterior stimulus, being able of adapting constantly their microstructure and correspondent properties In the described philosophy line, mineralized tissues and biomineralization processes are ideal examples to learn-from for the materials scientist of the future.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Moral capacity is an important feature of what it means to be human. In this volume, the contributors have taken on the daunting task of trying to distinguish between legal and moral capacity. This distinction is difficult at times for clinicians, philosophers and legal scholars alike. Part of the challenge of defining moral capacity lies in the difficulty of adequately categorizing it. For this reason, the editors have chosen to divide the book into three parts. The first looks at the concepts involved in the discussion of moral capacity; the second considers the role of moral capacity in the lives of professionals; and the final part reflects on case studies of moral capacity or incapacity illustrating the challenge that moral capacity presents - its definition lying between two seemingly incommensurable models, those of the threshold and continuum. This volume takes a multidisciplinary approach to the subject, and ties the disciplines of medicine, philosophy and law into the health context. It will be of interest to medical health professionals as well as researchers working in the areas of philosophy and law.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This is the first book on automated model building, a discipline of automated deduction that is of growing importance. Although models and their construction are important per se, automated model building has appeared as a natural enrichment of automated deduction, especially in the attemptto capture the human way of reasoning. The book provides an historical overview of the field of automated deduction, and presents the foundations of different existing approaches to model construction, in particular those developed by the authors. Finite and infinite model building techniques are presented. The main emphasis is on calculi-based methods, and relevant practical results are provided.The book is of interest to researchers and graduate students in computer science, computational logic and artificial intelligence. It can also be used as a textbook in advanced undergraduate courses.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - AD HOC NETWORKS: Technologies and Protocols is a concise in-depth treatment of various constituent components of ad hoc network protocols. It reviews issues related to medium access control, scalable routing, group communications, use of directional/smart antennas, network security, and power management among other topics. The authors examine various technologies that may aid ad hoc networking including the presence of an ability to tune transmission power levels or the deployment of sophisticated smart antennae. Contributors to this volume include experts that have been active in ad hoc network research and have published in the premier conferences and journals in this subject area.AD HOC NETWORKS: Protocols and Technologies will be immensely useful as a reference work to engineers and researchers as well as to advanced level students in the areas of wireless networks, and computer networks.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The combination of conductive polymer technology with the ability to produce nanofibres will facilitate major new developments in biotechnology and information technology, benefiting such areas as scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery systems; wires, capacitors, transistors and diodes; sensor technology; biohazard protection; and energy transport, conversion and storage.The work on nanofibrous materials presented here is designed, first of all, to instruct scientists in the most advanced methods for the formation of nanofibres and nanotubes. The second section covers the physics and chemistry of nanofibres, while the third deals with computer simulation and modelling. The applications described in section 4 include biomedical applications, nanotube-based devices, electronic applications of nanotubes and nanofibres, nanofluidics, and composites. Finally, the fifth section discusses recent developments in nanomaterials, nanoparticles and nanostructures.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The decision technologies, tools and theories of Operations Research and Management Sciences have long been applied to a wide range of issues and problems within health care. To date, however, there has been no single handbook that synthesizes the wide applicability of such techniques. The Handbook of Operations Research and Health Care now makes available to practitioners, students, and researchers a comprehensive handbook volume that will help them improve their ability to apply these decision technologies. In addition, the handbook will present new state-of-the-art techniques, explore new issues and challenges, and examine new avenues for research.This handbook will fill these needs in a three-fold approach:It reviews health care systems (in the U.S., other developed countries, and developing countries), their structure, environment, and evolution. It reviews key issues, problems, and challenges experienced today and to be expected in the future.It synthesizes decision technology applications published in the last 10 years. It describes which health care delivery issues, problems, and challenges were addressed in the past, while highlighting areas for future operations research/management science work in health care.It provides a comprehensive series of state-of-the-art applications - each of which are written by a leading authority - detailing the problem area, the methodology (or methodologies) employed, the implementation, the results, and the issues/avenues raised for future research. Each topic will be structured and addressed in such a way that a wide audience will be able to access and use the materials presented. The following topics are examined in the volume:Introduction/ Overview:Health care delivery in the US and elsewhereOR/MS in health; a 10 year overview.Health Care Operations Improvement:Scheduling and workforce planningInventory managementSupply chain managementLogistics planning and modelingEquipment planningPlanningFacility location and layoutWorkforce & workload modelsDecision support systemsPerformance measurement & modelingQueueing modelsQuality management.Economic Analysis:Equipment evaluation & selection modelsOptimal pricing and costing modelsDemand forecasting and planning modelsImpact of policies on health care demandTechnology assessment.Public Policy:Regional planning and network modelsAccess and availability population modelsTechnology diffusion modelsDisease preventionHealth care coverageVaccine modelingOrgan allocation modelsDisease screeningResource allocationDrug policiesBlood supply management policies.Clinical Applications:Risk assessment and analysisClinical diagnosis and decision makingDecision support systemsDisease modeling (individual level)Treatment design and planningDrug selection modelsOptimal dosing modelsVaccine modelsClinical quality. The handbook will serve a large multidisciplinary audience that includes:Decision technology practitioners, students, scientists and researchers with interest (either new interest or existing expertise) in health carePractitioners in health sciences, health administration, public health, health care delivery, and health policy.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Interstitial Fibrosis in Heart Failure , edited by Francisco J. Villarreal, M.D., Ph.D., provides a timely and integrative review of the basics of cardiac extracellular matrix structure. Topics covered include how cardiac remodeling influences its disposition, abundance and function; possible non-invasive techniques for diagnosis; and potential drug-based or molecular therapeutic strategies that may interrupt or even reverse the course of the development of cardiac fibrosis.This resource for both clinicians and scientists aims to cover state-of-the-art findings relevant to cellular and molecular processes underlying cardiac fibrosis including basic elements of structure, function, diagnosis and treatment.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Low fertility, one of the critical issues in the contemporary world, will persist in the foreseeable future. That is arguably the principal conclusion of this book. Fundamental changes in social security and health care systems, taxation schemes, and migration policies, for instance, are inevitable, unless societies are able to institute effective measures and create favorable conditions for increasing fertility. Such are the unavoidable challenges facing European and other economically advanced countries.The present study applies the cohort analysis approach to detailed data covering over half of the 20th century for populations of 35 countries. In distinction to most previous studies, that approach is put to use not only for elucidating past trends, but also to capture salient aspects of contemporary fertility patterns. And, beyond that, it is utilized to suggest possible near-term future trends in fertility behavior.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Among the variety of wave motions one can single out surface wave pr- agation since these surface waves often adjust the features of the energy transfer in the continuum (system), its deformation and fracture. Predicted by Rayleigh in 1885, surface waves represent waves localized in the vicinity ofextendedboundaries(surfaces)of uidsorelasticmedia. Intheidealcase of an isotropic elastic half-space while the Rayleigh waves propagate along the surface, the wave amplitude (displacement) in the transverse direction exponentially decays with increasing distance away from the surface. As a resulttheenergyofsurfaceperturbationsislocalizedbytheRayleig hwaves within a relatively narrow layer beneath the surface. It is this property of the surface waves that leads to the resonance phenomena that accompany the motion of the perturbation sources (like surface loads) with velocities close to the Rayleigh one; (see e. g. , R. V. Goldstein. Rayleigh waves and resonance phenomena in elastic bodies. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (PMM), 1965, v. 29, N 3, pp. 608-619). It is essential to note that resonance phenomena are also inherent to the elastic medium in the case where initially there are no free (unloaded) surfaces. However, they occur as a result of an external action accompanied by the violation of the continuity of certain physical quantities, e. g. , by crack nucleation and dynamic propagation. Note that the aforementioned resonance phenomena are related to the nature of the surface waves as homogeneous solutions (eigenfunctions) of the dynamic elasticity equations for a half-space (i. e. nonzero solutions at vanishing boundary conditions).

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The importance of the Vavilov-Cherenkov radiation stems from the property that a charge moving uniformly in a medium emits quanta at the angle uniquely related to its energy. This has numerous applications. We mention only the neutrino experiments in which the neutrino energy is estimated by the angle at which the electron originating from the decay of neutrino is observed. This book is intended for students of the third year and higher, for postgraduates, and professional scientists, both experimentalists and th- reticians. The Landau and Lifschitz treatisesQuantumMechanics,Clas- cal Field Theory andElectrodynamicsofContinuousMedia are more than enough for the understanding of the text. There are three monographs devoted to the Vavilov-Cherenkov rad- tion. Jelly s book Cherenkov Radiation and its Applications published in 1958 contains a short theoretical review of the Vavilov-Cherenkov ra- ation and a rather extensive description of experimental technique. Ten years later, the two-volume Zrelov monograph Vavilov-Cherenkov Rad- tionandItsApplicationinHigh-EnergyPhysics appeared. Its rst volume isaquiteextensivereviewofexperimentalandtheoreticalresultsknownup to1968.ThesecondvolumeisdevotedtotheconstructionoftheCherenkov counters.In1988,theFrankmonographVavilov-CherenkovRadiation.T- oretical Aspects was published. It presents mainly a collection of Frank s papers with valuable short commentaries describing their present status. It is highly desirable to translate this book into English.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - For 50 years, antibiotics have been dispensed like sweets. This must not be allowed to continue. This unique book assembles contributions from experts around the world concerned with responsible use of antibiotics and the consequences of overuse. For the first time, it provides up to the minute texts on both the theoretical aspects of antibiotic stewardship and the practical aspects of its implementation, with consideration of the key differences between developed and developing countries. All concerned with teaching, practice and administration of clinical medicine, surgery, pharmacy, public health, clinical pharmacology, microbiology, infectious diseases and clinical therapeutics will find Antibiotic Policies: Theory and Practice essential reading. Antibiotic use and resistance is not just the responsibility of specialists in the field but the responsibility of all doctors, pharmacists, nurses, healthcare administrators, patients and the general public.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Constructing the Infrastructure for the Knowledge Economy: Methods and Tools, Theory and Practice is the proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Information Systems Development, held in Melbourne, Australia, August 29-31, 2003.The purpose of these proceedings is to provide a forum for research and practice addressing current issues associated with Information Systems Development (ISD). ISD is undergoing dramatic transformation; every day, new technologies, applications, and methods raise the standards for the quality of systems expected by organizations as well as end users. All are becoming more dependent on the systems reliability, scalability, and performance. Thus, it is crucial to exchange ideas and experiences, and to stimulate exploration of new solutions. This proceedings provides a forum for just that, addressing both technical and organizational issues.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Plant geographical description of the area, syntaxonomy, spatial patterns, floristic richness, structure of plant communities in relation to soil properties and herbivore influence were described for a mountain region that is difficult to access. Seasonal, inter-annual, and long-term dynamics of vegetation are discussed on the base of long-term observations as well as pollen and phytolith analyses. Population biology of alpine plants is studied by combination of field observations and mathematical modelling. Plant population strategies and soil seed banks are described for alpine plants from several communities. Results of long-term ecological experiments (plant reciprocal transplantations, dominant removals, light limitation) showed the significance of competition and facilitation for community organization. Structure of soil algal and fungal communities is represented as well as mycorrhiza of alpine plants. Main animal groups (wild) history and modern nature conservation problems are discussed.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Among the variety of wave motions one can single out surface wave pr- agation since these surface waves often adjust the features of the energy transfer in the continuum (system), its deformation and fracture. Predicted by Rayleigh in 1885, surface waves represent waves localized in the vicinity ofextendedboundaries(surfaces)of uidsorelasticmedia. Intheidealcase of an isotropic elastic half-space while the Rayleigh waves propagate along the surface, the wave amplitude (displacement) in the transverse direction exponentially decays with increasing distance away from the surface. As a resulttheenergyofsurfaceperturbationsislocalizedbytheRayleig hwaves within a relatively narrow layer beneath the surface. It is this property of the surface waves that leads to the resonance phenomena that accompany the motion of the perturbation sources (like surface loads) with velocities close to the Rayleigh one; (see e. g. , R. V. Goldstein. Rayleigh waves and resonance phenomena in elastic bodies. Journal of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics (PMM), 1965, v. 29, N 3, pp. 608-619). It is essential to note that resonance phenomena are also inherent to the elastic medium in the case where initially there are no free (unloaded) surfaces. However, they occur as a result of an external action accompanied by the violation of the continuity of certain physical quantities, e. g. , by crack nucleation and dynamic propagation. Note that the aforementioned resonance phenomena are related to the nature of the surface waves as homogeneous solutions (eigenfunctions) of the dynamic elasticity equations for a half-space (i. e. nonzero solutions at vanishing boundary conditions).

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book is a collection of reviews and essays about the recent developments in the area of Symmetries and applications of Group Theory. Contributions have been written mostly at the graduate level but some are accessible to advanced undergraduates. The book is of interest to a wide audience and covers a broad range of topics with a strong degree of thematical unity.The book is part of a Series of books on Symmetries in Science and may be compared to the published Proceedings of the Colloquia on Group Theoretical Methods in Physics. Here, however, prevails a distinguished character for presenting extended reviews on present applications to Science, not restricted to Theoretical Physics.