rsc publishing nov 2009 (10 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In the late 1990s, there was an explosion of research on ionic liquids and they are now a major topic of academic and industrial interest with numerous existing and potential applications. Since then, the number of scientific papers focusing on ionic liquids has risen exponentially, including a few edited multi-author books covering the latest advances in ionic liquids chemistry and several volumes of symposium proceedings. Much of the content in these books and volumes is written using technical jargon that only scientists at the cutting edge of ionic liquids research will understand and ionic liquids are hardly covered in most modern chemistry textbooks. This is the first single-author book on ionic liquids and the first introductory book on the topic. An Introduction to Ionic Liquids is written in a clear, concise and consistent way and provides a useful introduction to ionic liquids for those readers who are not familiar with the topic. It is also wide ranging, embracing every aspect of the chemistry and applications of ionic liquids. The book draws extensively on the primary scientific literature to provide numerous examples of research on ionic liquids. These examples will enable the reader to become familiar with the key developments in ionic liquids chemistry over recent years. Science students, researchers, teachers in academic institutions and chemists and other scientists in industry and government laboratories will find the book an invaluable introduction to one of the most rapidly advancing and exciting fields of science and technology today.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Chemists are now moving away from volatile, environmentally harmful, and biologically incompatible organic solvents. With its low cost, ready availability, and capacity to remove environmentally unfriendly by-products, water is an obvious replacement. Recent advances in free radical chemistry in water have expanded the versatility and flexibility of homolytic carbon-hydrogen, carbon-carbon, carbon -halogen bond formations in aqueous media. This textbook highlights the substantial progress which has been made in the last decade to 'tame' the reactive free radical species in aqueous phase reactions. It describes carbon-hydrogen and carbon-carbon bond formations in aqueous media via radical chain and non chain reactions., with specific emphasis on development novel methodology through understanding the mechanism and kinetics of the transformations at hand. Suitable for students of chemistry, industrial chemists and academic researchers, it combines extensive knowledge of free radical chemistry with the latest innovations and creative applications. The book describes radical reactions in organic and aqueous media and their applications in total synthesis, DNA structural probing, isotope labelling, living polymerization and various other applications. It shows that, armed with an elementary knowledge of kinetics and some common sense, it is possible to harness radicals into tremendously powerful tools for solving synthetic problems. Written with the needs of students in mind, it offers just the right level of detail for undergraduate study. All the basic principles and facts on each topic area are presented in a concise yet comprehensive style that is appropriate for both core and specialist courses. It provides a step-wise introduction, taking students from the basic principles of radical reactions through to their applications in industry and their role in biological and environmental processes. Case studies are used to illustrate reactions in landmark synthesis and problems, with outlined answers, test the reader's understanding. There are also suggestions for further reading.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This exciting new book is a unique compilation of data from a wide range of chemical and spectroscopic instrumentation and the integration of nanostructure characterisation drawn from physical, chemical, electrochemical, spectroscopic and electron microscopic measurements. It fills a gap in the current nanomaterials literature by documenting the latest research from scientific journals and patent literature to provide a concise yet balanced and integrated treatment of an interesting topic: titanium oxide nanostructures within the emerging fashionable area of nanomaterials. Of particular interest are the following key chapters: \* Modification and Coating Techniques - provides a unique summary and discussion of available techniques to coat surfaces with nanostructured materials \* Chemical Properties - relates structure to surface chemistry and hence applications \* Structural and Physical Properties - reviews the relationship between nanostructure and physical properties providing a basis for the rationalisation of applications The book, a valuable reference point, is aimed at professionals, postgraduates and industrial research workers in nanomaterials. Readers will gain a knowledge of the methods for synthesising nanomaterials as well as an understanding of their structure and resulting physical characteristics and a knowledge of their (existing and potential) applications.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book provides a concise, practical guide to the use of samarium diiodide. Although the reagent is used extensively by organic chemists there is still a widely-held view that is can be difficult to prepare and use. In addition samarium diiodide can mediate such a wide variety of reactions in organic chemistry that potential users are often overawed by the extensive primary literature. This book aims to address these misgivings and misconceptions. Rather than being a comprehensive review of the chemistry of samarium diiodide, this user-friendly book adopts an 'an all you need to know' approach to the topic. It includes the best methods for preparing and handling the reagent, how solvents, co-solvents and additives alter reactivity, the basic mechanisms of reactions, common transformations using the reagent, and emerging areas in samarium diiodide chemistry. The international authors are well-known for their work with samarium diiodide and their expertise covers recent developments in new reactivity and selectivity, applications in target synthesis, co-solvent and additive effects, coordination chemistry and mechanism. The book includes the best methods for preparing and handling the reagent, how solvents, co-solvents and additives alter reactivity, the basic mechanisms of reactions, common transformations using the reagent, and emerging areas in samarium diiodide chemistry. The authors have distilled the extensive primary literature to allow the reader to quickly grasp an understanding of the reagent and its utility. The illustrative practical procedures help the reader to prepare and use the reagent in the laboratory while references from the recent literature allow readers to pursue their interest in the popular reagent.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This Proceedings Volume provides an overview of current research and development presented at the Total Food 2009 International Conference in Norwich, April 2009. The Total Food series of biennial, international conferences was initiated in 2004 by the Royal Society of Chemistry Food Group and the Institute of Food Research, Norwich. The aim of Total Food is to debate global research and development relevant to exploiting the whole food crop rather than the limited proportion that is consumed at present. The book is multidisciplinary and international in nature, presenting the latest expertise and covers a broad spectrum of R&D which is being brought to bear in the quest for sustainability. Areas covered include the minimisation of waste through water recycling and energy recovery, value added products from plants and food chain wastes, and the exploitation of low value residues for the production of biofuels. Since the Total Food series began, the issue of food security has become prominent. The increasing global population in conjunction with the use of crops for biofuel production mean that the more efficient exploitation of biomass will be required. The Total Food conferences are well placed to provide regular forums to highlight recent developments and to facilitate knowledge transfer between representatives of the agri-food (and increasingly non-food) industries, scientific research community, legal experts on food-related legislation and waste management, and consumer organisations.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Pharmaceutical and fine chemical products are typically synthesised batchwise which is an anomaly since batch processes have a series of practical and economical disadvantages. On the contrary, flow continuous processes present a series of advantages leading to new ways to synthesise chemical products. Flow processes - \* enable control reaction parameters more precisely (temperature, residence time, amount of reagents and solvent etc.), leading to better reproducibility, safer and more reliable processes \* can be performed more advantageously using immobilized reagents or catalysts \* improve the selectivity and productivity of the process and possibly even the stability of the catalyst \* offer opportunities for heat exchange and energy conservation as well as an easy separation and recycling of the reactants and products by adequate process design \* achieve multistep syntheses by assembling a line of reactors with minimum or no purification in between two reaction steps \* can be assured by facile automation \* scale-up can be easily conducted by number-up With all the new research activity in manufacturing chemical products, this comprehensive book is very timely, as it summarises the latest trends in organic synthesis. It gives an insight into flow continuous processes, outlining the basic concepts and explaining the terminology of, and systems approach to, process design dealing with both homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis and mini- or micro-reactors. The book contains case studies, extensive bibliographies and reference lists in each chapter to enable the reader to grasp the contents and to go on to more detailed texts on specific subjects if desired. The book is written by both organic chemists and engineers giving a multidisciplinary vision of the new tools and methodologies in this field. It is essential reading for organic chemists (in industry or academia) working alongside chemical engineers or who want to undertake chemical engineering projects. It will also be of interest for chemical engineers to see how basic engineering concepts are applied in modern organic chemistry.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This unique and definitive reference on hormone abuse in food producing animals is for scientists, regulators and consumers. It contains the results of a meeting held in November 2006 to discuss the progress made by the Veterinary Medicines Directorate (VMD) supported programme on steroid abuse detection. When the 'hormone ban' first arose in the EU, there were only 15 Member States. There are now 27 and some newer members lack the background knowledge of this issue. This book sets out to summarise the history and show the significant progress that has been, and continues to be, made in this area. It is the only comprehensive review of this subject available and contains input from leading researchers from around the world. The initial chapters provide valuable background information. For example, the chapter on toxicology and risk covers the controversies arising from the interpretation of the effects of artificial hormones in meat-producing animals. The book then goes on to deal with how the issue has been managed via national and international detection programmes. It finishes by covering the resulting cutting edge analytical science including current research using 'omics'/ profiling for 'natural hormones' and novel detection techniques such as IRMS. This book offers readers an insight into the risk management of an important food related issue and how current analytical analyses can assist evidence-based risk assessments. There is comprehensive coverage of all past and current issues relating to growth promoting hormone abuse in animals.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The aim of this book is to provide a general introduction into the science behind non-covalent interactions and molecular complexes using some important experimental and theoretical methods and approaches. It is the first monograph on this subject written in close collaboration between a theoretician and an experimentalist which presents a coherent description of non-covalent interactions viewed from these two perspectives. The book describes the experimental and theoretical techniques, and some results obtained by these, which are useful in conveying the principles underlying the observable or computable properties of molecular clusters. The chemical and physical background underlying non-covalent interactions are treated comprehensively and non-covalent interactions is contrasted to ionic, covalent and metallic bonding. The role of dispersion and electrostatic interactions, static and induced multipole moments, charge transfer and charge localisation and de-localisation are described. In addition, the nomenclature and classification of non-covalent interactions and molecular clusters is discussed since there is still no unique agreement on it. The authors were among first who coined the term non-covalent for intermolecular interactions and all interactions can thus be categorised as metallic, covalent and non-covalent. The book covers covalent bonding where the properties of a moiety in a molecular cluster are concerned, for instance its electrostatic multipole moments. The historic development of the field is also briefly outlined, starting from van der Waals who first recognized the fact that molecules in the gas phase interact, through London who explained the fact that non-polar uncharged systems attract each other, making a connection to modern work of theoreticians and experimentalists who have contributed to the present knowledge in the field. The role of non-covalent interactions in nature is discussed and the book also argues why non-covalent interactions and not covalent ones play a key role in biological systems. The authors show the unique significance of non-covalent interactions in biological systems and describe several important processes (molecular recognition, structure of biomacromolecules, etc) that are fundamentally determined by non-covalent interactions. The book is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students who need to learn more about non-covalent interactions and their role in chemistry, physics and biology. It also provides valuable information to non-specialist scientists and also those who work in the area who will find it interesting reading. As both experimental and theoretical procedures are covered, this enables the reader to orientate themselves in this very intensely growing area.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Recent discussions among scientists and policy-makers have highlighted that knowledge generated by many research and demonstration projects is not reaching policymakers in an efficient way. Conversely, the consideration of research results by the policy making community is not straightforward, and difficulties arise in integrating the latest research developments in legislation. The difficulty is enhanced by the fact that the policy-making community is not defining its role as 'client' sufficiently well and the dialogue and communication channels are far from ideal to ensure an efficient flow of information. An increasing number of experts consider that improvements could be achieved through the development of a 'science-policy interface' so that R&D results are synthesised in a way to efficiently feed policy implementation and that short, medium and long term research needs may be identified. This book examines the issue of integrating science into policy, with an emphasis on water system knowledge and related policies. An important feature of the book is the discussion of science-policy interfacing needs, illustrated by examples from authors from different countries in relation to water system management. This publication is timely in that the science-policy interfacing is now identified as a key challenge worldwide with regard to integrated water resource management, and therefore the book will be of great interest to scientists, water managers and stakeholders. Readers will also benefit from a better understanding of the needs, benefits and drawbacks of an established transfer mechanism of scientific outputs to policies.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Limited supplies of fossil fuels and concerns about global warming have created a strong desire to solve the resource issue in the age 'beyond petroleum'. This reference book, from the 'Green Chemistry Series', contains the essential areas of green chemistry and sustainability in modern economies. It is the first book to outline the contribution of chemistry, and of renewable chemical or biological resources, to the sustainability concept and to the potential resolution of the world's energy problems. It describes the current status of technical research, and industrial application, as well as the potential of biomass as a renewable resource for energy generation in power stations, as alternative fuels, and for various uses in chemistry. It outlines the historical routes of the sustainability concept and specifies sustainability in metrics, facts and figures. The book is written by European experts from academia, industry and investment banking who are world leaders in research and technology regarding sustainability, alternative energies and renewable resources. The sustainability aspects covered include: \* consumer behaviour and demands, lifestyles and mega trends, and their impact on innovation in the industry \* consumer industry requirements and their impact on suppliers \* emerging paradigm changes in raw material demand, availability, sourcing, and logistics \* the contribution of the industry to restore the life support systems of the Earth \* socially responsible banking and investment \* sustainability metrics The book highlights the potential of the different forms of renewable raw materials including: \* natural fats and oils \* plant-based biologically active ingredients \* industrial starch \* sucrose \* natural rubber \* wood \* natural fibres It also covers the actual status of biomass usage for green energy generation, green transportation, green chemistry and sustainable nutrition and consumer goods, and it depicts the potentials of green solvents and white biotechnology for modern synthesis and manufacturing technologies. The book is aimed at technical and marketing people in industry, universities and institutions as well as readers in administrations and NGOs. The book will also be of value to the worldwide public interested in sustainability issues and strategies as well as others interested in the practical means that are being used to reduce the environmental impact of chemical processes and products, to further eco-efficiency, and to advance the utilization of renewable resources.