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Brain, 57/1. - London, March 1934, 8°, pp.68-84, 2 Figs., orig. self wrappers. Offprint! From the Neurological Department, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, and the Laboratory of Physiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven. "The symptom of forced grasping has long been recognized in man, but the physiological basis of this phenomenon is not yet clearly understood ; nor has it been sufficiently appreciated that forced grasping is invariably associated with a number of other equally striking clinical signs which together form a well-defined clinical entity. The case herein described illustrates the syndrome in all its features, and is perhaps of greater significance from the point of view of localization than many previously reported cases of forced grasping, since the lesion proved to be a removable tumour restricted to the premotor area of the cerebral cortex (area 6 of Brodmann). I.-Previous Observations. As early as 1903 Steinert reported a case of tumour of the left " paracentral lobule " (the premotor area) in which " tonic innervation " of the right arm was present. Since that time there have been many reports of clinical cases showing the same phenomenon. The pathological reflex status of these cases has been variously termed "tonic innervation" (Steinert, Liepmann, Wilson and Walshe), "palmar reflex" (Riddoch and Brain), "Greifereflex" (Schuster and Pineas), and " forced grasping " (Adie and Critchley)."Kennard, et al. Margaret Alice Kennard (1899-1975) was a neurologist who principally studied the effects of neurological damage on primates. Her work led to the creation of the Kennard Principle, which posits a negative linear relationship between age of a brain lesion and the outcome expectancy: in other words, that the earlier in life a brain lesion occurs, the more likely it is for some compensation mechanism to reverse at least some of the lesion's bad effects.…