gustav robert kirchhoff (35 Ergebnisse)

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.This work is in the 'public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work.Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.

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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Vorlesungen über analytische Mechanik mit Einschluss der Hydrodynamik | und der Theorie der Elastizität fester Körper | Gustav Robert Kirchhoff | Taschenbuch | 176 S. | Deutsch | 2016 | hansebooks | EAN 9783743611313 | Verantwortliche Person für die EU: Hansebooks GmbH, Trakehner Weg 52, 22844 Norderstedt, gb[at]hansebooks[dot]com | Anbieter: preigu.

Akad. Wiss. Berlin, 1876. - Berlin 1877, 4°, pp.75-84, Broschur. Erstdruck! Gustav Robert Kirchhoff (1824-1887) Physiker, der sich insbesondere um die Erforschung der Elektrizität verdient gemacht hat.

8°. X, 636 S. mit 5 gefalt. Kupfertafeln. Pbd. d. Zt. mit handschr. Rückenschild. DSB 7, 379. Poggendorff I, 1260. - Erste Ausgabe seiner ersten Veröffentlichung und zugleich eine seiner wichtigsten. Er beschreibt hier die Gesetze der elektrischen Stromverzweigung, die später als "Kirchhoffsche Regeln" bezeichnet wurden. - "The excellence of Kirchhoff as a teacher can be inferred from the printed text of his lectures (he managed to publish only those on mechanics, the others being edited posthumously). They set a standard for the teaching of classical theoretical physics in German universities, at a time when they were taking a leading position in the development of science" (DSB). - G. R. Kirchhoff (1824-1887), Professor in Breslau, Heidelberg und Berlin, begründete mit Bunsen die Spektralanalyse und stellte das nach ihm benannte Gesetz über Emission und Absorption von Licht sowie die Regeln über die Verteilung elektrischer Ströme auf. - Einband etwas berieben, St.a.T., etwas gebräunt, die Tafeln teils wasserrandig, sonst gut erhalten. Sprache: deutsch.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important, and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it.

Hardcover. Zustand: Very Good. 1st Edition. 1860-1861. Entire volumes, 8vo (208 x 128 mm); IX [1], 668 pp., 8 folding plates; X, 660 pp., 8 folding plates. Uniformly bound in contemporary polished half-calf and marbled boards, gilt-lettered morocco labels, marbled edges (extremities slightly rubbed, corners partly bumped). Text and plates with occasional minor foxing, otherwise crisp and clean throughout. A very good set in untouched original bindings. ---- FIRST PRINTING OF THE TWO FOUNDING PAPERS OF SPECTRUM ANALYSIS. In 1860, Gustav R. Kirchhoff and Robert W. Bunsen discovered in their Heidelberg laboratory that the light of heated chemical elements passed through a prism produces characteristic lines. These lines allow unambiguous remote identification of the substances involved. The two researchers published their discovery in the Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Kirchhoff and Bunsen demonstrated that the presence of certain spectral lines can clearly be used to infer the presence of the chemical element in question, regardless of the specific compound in which the element is present. "The perfection of the spectroscope has made possible other great forward strides. In 1861, Kirchhoff and Bunsen discovered two new elements - caesium and rubidium" (PMM 278b). The second volume also contains the "Vorschlag eines reproducirbaren Widerstandsmaasses" by Werner Siemens (Darmstaedter 604), a paper "Ueber die Ringbildung in Flüssigkeiten" by E. Reusch, "Ueber die Bestimmung des galvanischen Leitungswiderstandes" by H. W. Schröder van der Kolk, and contributions by Gustav Zeuner, Gustav Quincke, G. vom Rath, Heinrich Rose, H. W. Dove, and others. References: Poggendorff III, 721; Darmstaedter 587; PMM 278b (remark). - Visit our website to see more images!

Hardcover. Zustand: Very Good. 2nd Edition. Two volumes. Offprints from: Abhandlungen der königlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1861-1862. Berlin: Ferd. Dümmler, 1862-1863. 4to (305 x 238 mm). [4], 43 [1]; [3] 4-16 pp., 5 lithographed plates (3 for part I and 2 for part II; 4 folding). Pages of part II unopened. Original printed boards, part I cloth backed, part II printed paper spine (minor soiling and spotting of covers, slight wear to extremities, spine of part II rubbed and partly split at head). Text generally crisp and clean with only minor age-toning, little spotting of part II, minor dust-soiling to outer margins of plates in part I. Cutout of newspaper article dated 2. February 1866 pasted to inner front-cover of part I. A very good, unsophisticated set, free of library stamps or markings. ---- PMM 278b; Horblit 59; Sparrow 117; Norman 1219 (all for 1st ed. of part 1); DSB VII, p.379-82. - ENLARGED SECOND EDITION OF PART I, FIRST EDITION OF PART II, OFFPRINT ISSUE, with "Zweite, durch einen Anhang vermehrte Ausgabe" on the front cover of Part 1. "Kirchhoff found that by exposing in the flame of a Bunsen burner a platinum wire dipped in salt he obtained in the spectrum the characteristic bright yellow lines of sodium superimposed on the spectrum of platinum. By repeating the process and introducing vaporized sodium between the incandescent wire and the screen, the yellow lines were replaced by dark lines. With great ingenuity he repeated the experiment with sunlight and got the same result. The fact that the dark lines were produced when a beam of light from an incandescent element passed through the same substance at a lower temperature suggested that this was due to absorption. In the solar spectrum, for example, the dark lines were caused by absorption in the gases of the sun's atmosphere . . . With these experiments Kirchhoff and his colleague Robert Wilhelm Eberhard Bunsen (1811-1899), inventor of the eponymous burner, created the new science of spectroscopy, brought "the stellar universe into the laboratory and showed that the basic materials of the universe are everywhere the same" (PMM 278b). Kirchhoff "was able to elaborate a quantitative relationship between the absorptive and emissive power of electromagnetic radiation for all material bodies, as a universal function of wavelength and temperature. "Thus Kirchhoff's law was the key to the whole thermodynamics of radiation. In the hands of Planck . . . it proved to be the key to the new world of quanta, well beyond Kirchhoff's conceptual horizon" (DSB).

(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1858). Without wrappers. In "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Bd. 103, No 2. Pp. 177-352 a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire issue offered). Kirchhoff's papers: pp. 177-206 a. pp. 206-209. First appearance of this importent paper on the mechanical equivalent of heat in which Kirchhoff showed that the variation of the heat of a chemical reaction is given by the difference in heat capacity between products and reactants in an equation. Integration of his equation permits the evaluation of the heat of reaction at one temperature from measurements at another temperature.Kirchhoff's Law describes the enthalpy of a reaction's variation with temperature changes. In general, enthalpy of any substance increases with temperature, which means both the products and the reactants' enthalpies increase. The overall enthalpy of the reaction will change if the increase in the enthalpy of products and reactants is different.

(Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1857). Without wrappers. In "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Bd. 102, No 12. Pp. 481-644 a. 1 folded engraved plate. (Entire issue offered). Kirchhoff's paper: pp. 529-545. Clean and fine. Firs appearance of Kirchhoff's first paper on conductivity in which he presents his Circuit-Law. The significance of this paper is that Kirchhoff proved with action at a distance that electric disturbances travel along wires of neglible resistance with the velocity of light. He accomplished this with the laws of Newtonian electrodynamics before Maxwell formulated his equations."The theory of variable currents raised more difficult problems. The law of dynamical interactions between currents had been formulated by Ampere (1826) in the spirit of the concept of action at a distance.The field was still open when Kirchhoff entered it in 1857 with his own general theory of the motion of electricity in conductors (in the paper offered). His first paper, in which he treated linear conductors from the same premises as Weber, turned out to coincide in all essentials with an investigation carried out by Weber shortly before but delayed in publication. Both physicists noticed a remarkable implication of their theory: in a perfectly conducting circuit, oscillating currents could be propagated with a constant velocity, independent of the nature of the conductors, and numerically equal to the velocity of light. Both Weber and Kirchhoff however, pointing to the extreme character of the condition of infinite conductivity, dismissed this result as a mere accidental coincidence."(DSB VII, p. 380-81).

1 3/4 pp. gr.-8vo°. Nadelspuren am linken Rand. An ein Mitglied der Museumsgesellschaft in Frankfurt a.M., dessen Wunsch nach einemVortrag er nicht erfüllen könne.". Die Zeit, in der ich einmal die Ehre hatte, das zu thun, steht mir noch in der angenehmsten Erinnerung; dennoch muß ich . mich außer Stande erklären, Ihrer ufforderung nachzukommen. Mit meinem Fußübel geht es sehr viel besser, als in den früheren Jahren, dennoch behindert mich dasselbe noch in empfindlicher Weise bei jeder ungewöhnlichen Unternehmung und hält mich in der Furcht, daß wieder ein ernstlicher Rückfall einritt .".

1 S. Kl.-4to. An einen Autographensammler: "Der Brief, den Sie an mich nach Heidelberg gerichtet haben, hat mich hier angetroffen, wohin ich vor über 4 Jahren von Heidelberg übergesiedelt bin. Ich erfülle Ihren Wunsch, meine Handschrift zu erhalten, indem ich Ihnen diese Zeilen sende [.]".

2½ SS. auf Doppelblatt. 8vo. An einen Regierungsrat: "Die Auszeichnung, die die Kaiserl. Akademie mir hat zu Theil werden lassen, indem sie mich zu ihrem auswärtigen correspondirenden Mitgliede erwählt hat, verdanke ich zweifellos zum großen Theile Ihrem Wohlwollen gegen mich, das Sie so oft schon mir gezeigt haben und das Sie neuerdings wieder bethätigt haben durch Ihre so freundlichen Zeilen vom 2ten d. M. und die Uebersendung der Mittheilung des Hrn. Otto v. Littrow, die mich in hohem Grade interessirt. Gestatten Sie mir, Ihnen meinen herzlichsten Dank für dieses Wohlwollen auszusprechen [.]".

Paris, Victor Masson et Fils, 1861. Without wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique", 3e Series - Tome 62, Cahier Juin 1861. Titlepage to vol. 62. Pp. 129-256. (The entire issue offered). Kirchhoff's paper: pp. 160-192. Small stamps to verso oftitlepage. First French edition of a milestone paper by "The Grandfather of Quantum Theory" in which he formulates the law named after him, "KIRCHHOFF'S LAW", which was the "key to the whole thermodynamics of radiation. In the hands of Planck, Kirchhoff's successor to the Berlin chair, it proved to be the key to the new world of the quanta, well beyond Kirchhoff's conceptual horizon."(DSB, VII, p.382)."Kirchhoff's Law of Thermal Emission was formulated in 1859 (Über das Verhältnis.) - the paper offered here in the first French version. It is at the same time the simplest and least understood law in physics. Kirchhoff's law states that given thermal equilibrium with an enclosure, the radiation inside will be always black, or normal, in a manner which is independent of the nature of the walls, or the objects they contain. This is known as the concept of universality. That is, that radiation within an enclosure can always be described by a universal function dependent only ontemperature and frequency. This universal function was first given us by Max Planck, in 1900. Kirchhoff's law STANDS AT THE HEARTH OF ALL MODERN ASTROPHYSICS. It is the basis for setting the temperature of the stars, for the gaseous model of the Sun, and for believing that we now know the temperature of the entire universe."(Pierre-Marie Robitaille).The research background for the paper was his unexpected observation that if the intensity of the solar spectrum increased above a certain limit, the dark D lines were made much darker by the interposition of the sodium flame. he instantly felt, that he had got hold of "something fundamental". Another notable, and importent paper in the development of photography, is in the same issue ALPHONSE POITEVIN "De l'Action chimique de la Lumiere sur les Substances organiques. Son emploi à l'impression photographique."Pp. 192-210.