Cailletet l (3 Ergebnisse)

(27 x 22 cm). 1343 S. Mit Abbildungen. Halbleinwandband der Zeit. Erste Ausgabe dieser beiden bedeutenden Arbeiten zur Tieftemperaturphysik. Sie beschreiben die bahnbrechenden Experimente zur Verflüssigung der permanenten Gase wie Sauerstoff, Wasserstoff und Stickstoff, die bis dahin nicht verflüssigt oder in den festen Aggregatzustand überführt werden konnten. Dem französischen Physiker Cailletet (1832-1913) ist es am 2. Dezember 1877 erstmals gelungen, unter hohem Druck und großer Abkühlung Sauerstoff zu verflüssigen, allerdings nur in sehr kleinen Mengen. Zum gleichen Ergebnis kommt wenige Tage später Raoul Pictet (1846-1929) in Genf, allerdings mit einer anderen Methode, die später von Kamerlingh Onnes verfeinert wird und zur Entdeckung der Suprafluidität von Helium führt. Die beiden Wissenschaftler schaffen somit die technischen Voraussetzungen für die Entdeckung der Supraleitfähigkeit. - Stempel auf Reihentitel. Einband leicht bestoßen, sonst sauber und wohlerhalten. - DSB 3, 11 bzw. 10, 603; Magie, Source Books in Physics S. 192 bzw. 194.…

(Paris, G. Masson, 1878). No wrappers. In: "Annales de Chimie et de Physique", 5e Series - Tome 15, Cahier Septembre 1878. Pp. 5-144. (Entire issue offered). Cailletet's paper: pp. 132-144, textillustrations of apparatus used. First appearance of a milestonepaper in chemistry in which Cailletet describes his invention of the liquedifaction-process of oxygen and 5 other gases - and a classic in Low-Temperature Chemistry."Cailletet is most famous for his investigations on the compression and liquefaction of gases. At the time there were still six gases that were considered permanen: oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, nitrogen dioxyde, acrbon monooxide, and acetylene. Liquefaction had not been achieved despite the use of what were considered ernomous pressures. At the end of 1877 and the beginning of 1878 Callitet liquefied all these gases shortly before Raoul Pictet, who employed a completely different procedure. Cailletet had, following Andrews, recognized the importence of the critical temperature, above which liquefaction of a gas does not take place. In order to produce the necessary ccoling, he had recourse to expansion, sometimes employing several expansions in a staged process. It was in this manner that he succeeded in liquefying oxygen by beginning with liquid ethylene and passing through the stage of liquid methane."(DSB III, pp. 11-12). Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1877 C.…

Paris, Gauthier-Villars, 1877. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 85, No 26 (entire issue offered). With htitle and titlepage to vol. 85. Titlepage with a stamp on verso, seen on front. Pp. 1185-1248. Cailletet's paper: pp. 1213-1214. Pictet's paper: pp. 1214-1217. With an illustration of the apparatus in the text. First printing of these two milestone papers in Low-temperature Chemistry. This process of liquefaction of oxygene was achieved independently, in the same year, by Cailletet and Pictet, using different methods. Cailletet used the Joule-Thomson effect" oxygen was cooled while highly compressed, then allowed to rapidly expand, cooling it further, resulting in the production of small droplets of liquid oxygen. Pictet's method was more elaborate, using compounds pumps. (This compound is shown on the illustration in the text).Parkinson "Breakthroughs", 1877 C. - Magee "Source Books in Physics" p. 192-93 (Cailletet) and pp. 194-96 (Pictet). …