Plan of the Hall of Audience and the Adjacent Courts in the Emperor's Gardens at Yuen-Min-Yuen.

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Very good. Fairly evenly toned. Light foxing in the margins, especially at bottom-right. Size 22 x 15.25 Inches. A lovely example of Sir John Barrow's 1796 schematic of the main audience hall of the Yuanmingyuan or 'Old Summer Palace,' an impressive complex of palaces and gardens built for the Qing emperors just outside of Beijing. It appeared in George Leonard Staunton's An Authentic Account of an Embassy from the King of Great Britain to the Emperor of China , recounting the Macartney Embassy, a failed British attempt to gain expanded trading and diplomatic rights in China. A Closer Look This diagram depicts the main audience hall (???? or ?????) of the Yuanmingyuan, located near the main southern gate (???) of the complex, designed for receiving prominent guests including foreign visitors. Typical of Chinese palace architecture, especially structures intended for the emperor's use, visitors passed through a series of courtyards and gates laid out according to fengshui principles before approaching the emperor himself. The audience hall itself was designed with the aim of facilitating the giving of gifts by visitors to the emperor. In this respect, Macartney's Embassy followed ritual protocol, gifting the Qianlong Emperor clocks, a telescope, watches, and other Western goods, largely of a mechanical nature. Qianlong was decidedly unimpressed. This is often attributed to his lack of appreciation for modern wares, though it was just as likely due to the fact that he was already well-aware of such goods due to the long presence of European Jesuits at the Qing Court, some of whom brought mechanical items from Europe or constructed them on site in Beijing. Likewise, the gifts given to Macartney, consisting mostly of silk, porcelain, and tea, were not especially novel as most could be acquired in Europe via Canton, albeit for a handsome price. Despite the audience hall's intended function, Macartney did not meet Qianlong here, though the British did leave gifts in the hall as dictated by proper ritual. When the British arrived in Beijing, Qianlong was undertaking a regular hunting expedition, a symbolically important activity for Qing emperors laden with ritual, north of the Great Wall. Thus, after depositing their gifts at the Yuanmingyuan, the embassy proceeded to another Qing summer palace at Chengde (Rehe), also north of the Great Wall, where the Qing emperors often received delegations from vassal states at a similar audience hall. On September 14, 1793, after considerable debate over whether Macartney would kowtow to the emperor, the embassy met Qianlong, exchanged more gifts, delivered a letter from King George III, and had a relatively pleasant meeting, though they failed to gain the main concessions desired from the Qing. The 'Old Summer Palace' - Yuanmingyuan ??? The Yuanmingyuan, originally known simply as the 'imperial gardens,' was a magnificent garden and palace complex that was constructed by the Qing rulers of China beginning in the early 18th century. Started under the reign of the Kangxi Emperor, the complex was expanded considerably by his son, Yongzheng, and grandson, Qianlong, to eventually reach some 3.5 square kilometers. One of the most novel features of the complex was the inclusion of hybrid Chinese-Western style structures (???) designed by European Jesuits in the service of the Qing emperors. Located some five miles northwest of the walled city of Beijing, the Yuanmingyuan was a resplendent retreat for the Qing emperors and provided a venue for impressive displays of their grandeur for visitors. Aside from the Jesuits, who were understandably partial to the complex, Lord Macartney's mission was among several foreign delegations to visit the gardens. They made such an impact on European visitors that they influenced European gardens of the 18th century, most notably Kew Gardens in London. The name 'Old Summer Palace' in English and other Western languages resulted from the construction of multiple imperi.

Bestandsnummer des Verkäufers Yuanmingyuan-barrow-1796

Bibliografische Details

Titel
Plan of the Hall of Audience and the Adjacent Courts in the Emperor's Gardens at Yuen-Min-Yuen.
Autor
1796 Barrow Plan of the Old Summer Palace (Yuanmingyuan), Beijing
Veröffentlichungsjahr
1796
Ausgabe
1. Auflage
Verkäuferkataloge
JAPAN-CHINA-KOREA

Geographicus Rare Antique Maps

Brooklyn, NY, USA

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AbeBooks-Verkäufer/-in seit 21. November 2024

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Geographicus Rare Antique Maps was founded in New York, New York, by Kevin James Brown in 1999. We are specialist antiquarians dealing in historic maps from all over the world and in all price ranges. Our enthusiasm, passion, and devotion to scholarship is expressed in our meticulously researched descriptions, among the most detailed and comprehensive available anywhere, for each and every rare map that passes over our desk. This same devotion guides the relationships of honesty and trust we have fostered with our clients, whether through purchasing or selling a rare map, getting an appraisal, or simply calling to discuss antique maps in general. We are happy to assist you no matter whether you are an interior decorator, an institution, an experienced collector, or are just looking for a single antique map. Geographicus is a member of the ABAA (Antiquarian Booksellers' Association of America), the ILAB (International League of Antiquarian Booksellers), the New York Map Society, the Washington Map Society, the IMCOS, and the Society for the History of Discoveries. While primarily an internet-based company, we are happy to meet with clients to show our antique maps by appointment at our New York City location.

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