The conception of nervous and mental energy II. ('Vigilance': A physiological state of the nervous system).

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Brit. J. Psychol. (Gen. Sect.), 14/2. - Cambridge, University Press, October 1923, gr.8°, (2), pp.126-147, orig. wrappers; with underlining and the the Stamp "From Dr. Head, 52 Montagu Square, London, W.1." on front flyer. Rare Offprint! "Vigilance deficits can be observed after a period of prolonged, continuous wakefulness. In this context there has been extensive research targeting the impact of sleep deficits on different aspects of vigilance, but the underlying concept of vigilance was hardly ever addressed and discussed. One reason for this shortcoming is the unclear and ambiguous definition of the term vigilance, which is commonly used interchangeably with sustained attention and even wakefulness. This confusion is the result of a wide range of misleading definitions, starting in the 1940s, as psychologists redefined the concept of vigilance suggested by British Neurologist, Henry Head, in 1923. Nevertheless, the concept of vigilance is still useful and innovative, especially in treating sleep problems in children and young adults. This paper reviews the current usage of the term vigilance in sleep-wake-research and describes not only the benefits, but even more clearly, its limitations. By re-focusing on the definitions given by Henry Head, the concept of vigilance is an innovative way to gather new insights into the interplay between sleep- and daytime behaviors." Sir Henry Head (1861-1940) "referred to vigilance as the organism's ability to reorganize itself and restore damaged functions. After trauma, the first signs of "vigilance" were the reappearance of reflexes, followed by automatic actions and gestures, and finally the regaining of the ability to differentiate between sensory stimuli (readiness to respond). In Head's opinion, the reappearance of sensory processing is purely physiological in nature and independent of higher cognitive functions such as consciousness, motivation or interest. Therefore, vigilance is neither a cognitive skill nor a matter of consciousness. However, consciousness requires vigilance and adequate processing of sensory inputs or a functioning autonomic nervous system (e.g., to control blood pressure, body temperature, etc.). In this context, vigilance is a universal property of animals and humans in order to react adequately to environmental stimuli and to ensure the survival of the individual. Head defined three sub-categories as essential for his concept of vigilance: 1st perception, to guarantee that a stimulus is registered by the sensory system according to their modality. 2nd behaviors, a category which includes all kinds of observable behavior, whereby complex behavior is associated with higher levels of vigilance (and vice versa). And 3rd reorganization, referring to the ability of injured organisms to reorganize and restructure their neuronal connections in order to take over or compensate for the function of damaged structures. The goal of reorganization is to ensure the survival of the individual, which is by far the key function of vigilance." Gerhard Klösch, Josef Zeitlhofer & Osman Ipsiroglu: Revisiting the Concept of Vigilance. Front Psychiatry, 14 (2022 Jun.).…

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Bibliografische Details

Titel
The conception of nervous and mental energy II. ('Vigilance': A physiological state of the nervous system).
Autor
Head, Sir Henry
Erscheinungsjahr
1923
Einband
Softcover
Verkäuferkataloge
Neuroscience

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