Springer us jan 2013 (7 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Included in this volume is a broad range of topics. Immunology is such a diverse field that many of the subspecialties overlap, and one finds it convenient and necessary to integrate information from several of them. We try to focus on the molecular aspects of immunology as much as is reasonable, but some con tributions consist of ablend of molecular and cellular immunology and even immunopathology. This is as it should be, since information at the molecular level often provides an explanation of phenomena observed at other levels. Myelin basic protein holds the interest of immunologists because it is impli cated in the induction of the autoimmune disease called experimental allergie encephalomyelitis (EAE). Although much biochemical and immunological information about this protein has been uncovered, it is not understood how such an inaccessible self-antigen can serve as the focal point in the central ner vous system for myelin basic protein-specific EAE-inducing T cells. Day dis cusses the problem by first reviewing the sequences of the proteins from several species and the antigenicity of the proteins and peptides derived from them. The reader is then led into a thorough discussion of the immunological relation ships that do and do not influence development of the encephalitis. From this discussion, the author promulgates the bystander model as the best overall mechanism to explain why different fragments of the highly conserved protein are needed by various species to give rise to the same type of localized central nervous system disease.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - It is now well known that the concept of drifting continents became an estab lished theory during the 1960s. Not long after this 'revolution in the earth sciences,' researchers began applying the continental drift model to problems in historical biogeography. One such problem was the origin and dispersal of the New World monkeys, the Platyrrhini. Our interests in this subject began in the late 1960s on different conti nents quite independent of one another in the cities of Florence, Italy, and Berkeley, California. In Florence in 1968, A. B. Chiarelli, through stimulating discussions with R. von Koenigswald and B. de Boer, became intrigued with the possibility that a repositioning of the continents of Africa and South America in the early Cenozoic might alter previous traditional conceptions of a North American origin of the Platyrrhini. During the early 1970s this con cept was expanded and pursued by him through discussions with students while serving as visiting professor at the University of Toronto. By this time, publication of the Journal of Human Evolution was well underway, and Dr. Chiarelli as editor encouraged a dialogue emphasizing continental drift models of primate origins which culminated in a series of articles published in that journal during 1974-75. In early 1970, while attending the University of California at Berkeley, R. L. Ciochon was introduced to the concept of continental drift and plate tectonics and their concomitant applications to vertebrate evolution through talks with paleontologist W. A. Clemens and anthropologist S. L. Washburn.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The Cell Biology of Fibroblast Cyclooxygenase.- Arachidonic Acid Metabolism During Interactions Between Glomerular and Bone Marrow-derived Cells.- Lipoxygenase Products and Their Functions in Glomeruli.- The Development of New Antileukotriene Drugs: Specific Leukotriene D4 Antagonists and 5-Lipoxygenase Inhibitors.- The Renal Cytochrome P450 System Generates Novel Arachidonic Acid Metabolites.- The Biosynthesis and Actions of Prostaglandins in the Renal Collecting Tubule and Thick Ascending Limb.- Peptide Hormones, Cytosolic Calcium and Renal Epithelial Response.- Prostaglandins, Thromboxane and Leukotrienes in the Control of Mesangial Function.- Interactions of Platelet Activating Factor and Prostaglandins in the Glomerulus and in Mesangial Cells.- Eicosanoids and Platelet Activating Factor as Possible Mediators of Injury in Experimental Nephropathies.- Eicosanoids: Role in Experimental Renal Disease.- Abnormalities of Glomerular Eicosanoid Metabolism in States of Glomerular Hyperfiltration.- Diabetic Nephropathy: Pathophysiology, Clinical Course and Susceptibility.- The Molecular, Biochemical and Human Pharmacology of Thromboxane A2 in Renal Disease.- Studies of Renal Eicosanoid Synthesis In Vivo and In Vitro.- The Role of Eicosanoids in Human Glomerular Disease.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In their classic paper in 1929, Drury and Szent-Gyorgyi described a number of the important cardiovascular actions of adenosine. Another thirty years were to pass before the possible physiological role of adenosine in coronary vasodilation was studied by Berne and others. Since then, there has been a tremendous increase in research into the actions of adenosine. Workers from many disciplines have employed a wide variety of techniques, since adenosine is a product of and a substrate for a number of metabolic pathways, is transported into cells, and acts at discrete receptor sites to modulate the activity of adenylate cyclase and to produce important actions on many cells and tissues including platelets, adipo cytes, heart, blood vessels, and other smooth muscles. International symposia on the actions of adenosine were held in 1978, 1981, and 1982, and the proceedings of these symposia have been published (Baer and Drummond, 1979; Daly et at., 1983; Berne et at., 1983). Since it is not the primary purpose of the present volume to review our current understanding of the nu merous actions of adenosine, these volumes should be consulted for such details. Rather, the present volume has been planned to provide both graduate students and investigators in pharmacology and related disciplines with a summary of some of the methods now available for the study of the actions of adenosine and, in particular, to highlight their possible uses and limitations.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 1. A Model for the North Atlantic.- 2. The Geology of the Bahama-Blake Plateau Region.- 3. The Continental Margin of Eastern North America, Florida to Newfoundland.- 4. The Northeastward Termination of the Appalachian Orogen.- 5. An Outline of the Geology of the Atlantic Coast of Greenland.- 6. The Scandinavian Caledonides.- 7. The Geology of the Southern Termination of the Caledonides.- 8. The Geology of the Western Approaches.- 9. The Geology and Sedimentation History of the Bay of Biscay.- 10. Geology of West Africa and Canary and Cape Verde Islands.- 11. Cenozoic to Recent Volcanism in and around the North Atlantic Basin.- 12. The Oceanic Islands: Azores.- 13. Tectonic and Radiometric Age Comparisons.- 14. The Geophysics of the North Atlantic Basin.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - More than for any other volume of the Handbook of Neurochemistry, the chap ters in this volume on Pathological Neurochemistry deal with the interface of the laboratory bench with the patient's bedside. Most of the chapters reflect the confluence of basic scientists, clinical investigators, and physicians. Con sidered here are many of the more important disorders that afflict the nerves, muscles, spinal cord, and/or brain of mankind throughout the world. There are well over 500 such disorders. And our understanding of their nature and of measures for effective prevention or treatment depends significantly on appli cation of the biochemical disciplines that characterize neurochemistry. Before World War II, any attempt to compile a volume on pathological neurochemistry would have been largely descriptive and very rudimentary, as such 'handbooks' by Hans Winterstein (1929), Irvine Page (1937), and others demonstrate. But thanks to the many major advances in research and tech nology in the postwar decades, we now stand at the threshold of understanding how to manage many of the major neurological disorders, and we may expect more such delineations in the immediate decades ahead. Neurochemistry, de fined broadly, has played a central role in this extraordinary turn of events, progressing from what J. L. W, Thudichum in 1884 called objects of anxious empiricism to his anticipation of the proud exercise of chemical precision.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - TRACK 1: Innovative Applications in the Public Sector The integration of multimedia based applications and the information superhighway fundamentally concerns the creation of a communication technology to support the ac tivities of people. Communication is a profoundly social activity involving interactions among groups or individuals, common standards of exchange, and national infrastruc tures to support telecommunications activities. The contributions of the invited speakers and others in this track begin to explore the social dimension of communication within the context of integrated, information systems for the public sector. Interactions among businesses and households are described by Ralf Strauss through the development within a real community of a 'wired city' with information and electronic services provided by the latest telecommunications technologies. A more specific type of interaction between teacher and student forms the basis of education. John Tiffin demonstrates how virtual classrooms can be used to augment the educational process. Carl Loeffler presents yet another perspective on interaction through the integration of A-life and agent technologies to investigate the dynamics of complex behaviors within networked simulation environments. Common standards for communication in the form of electronic documents or CSCW (Computer Supported Cooperative Work), according to Roland Traunmiiller, provide en abling technologies for a paradigm shift in the management of organizations. As pointed out by William Olle, the impact of standardization work on the future of information technology depends critically upon the interoperability of software systems.…