Springer us dez 1994 (6 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - On Optimal Interconnections for VLSI describes, from a geometric perspective, algorithms for high-performance, high-density interconnections during the global and detailed routing phases of circuit layout. First, the book addresses area minimization, with a focus on near-optimal approximation algorithms for minimum-cost Steiner routing. In addition to practical implementations of recent methods, the implications of recent results on spanning tree degree bounds and the method of Zelikovsky are discussed. Second, the book addresses delay minimization, starting with a discussion of accurate, yet algorithmically tractable, delay models. Recent minimum-delay constructions are highlighted, including provably good cost-radius tradeoffs, critical-sink routing algorithms, Elmore delay-optimal routing, graph Steiner arborescences, non-tree routing, and wiresizing. Third, the book addresses skew minimization for clock routing and prescribed-delay routing formulations. The discussion starts with early matching-based constructions and goes on to treat zero-skew routing with provably minimum wirelength, as well as planar clock routing. Finally, the book concludes with a discussion of multiple (competing) objectives, i.e., how to optimize area, delay, skew, and other objectives simultaneously. These techniques are useful when the routing instance has heterogeneous resources or is highly congested, as in FPGA routing, multi-chip packaging, and very dense layouts. Throughout the book, the emphasis is on practical algorithms and a complete self-contained development. On Optimal Interconnections for VLSI will be of use to both circuit designers (CAD tool users) as well as researchers and developers in the area of performance-driven physical design.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The origin of optical methods for fluid flow investigations appears to be nontraceable. This is no matter for surprise. After all seeing provides the most direct and common way for humans to learn about their environment. But at the same time some of the most sophisticated methods for doing measurements in fluids are also based on light and often laser light. A very large amount of material has been published in this area over the last two decades. Why then another publication Well, the field is still in a state of rapid development. It is characterised by the use of results and methods developed within very different areas like optical physics, spectroscopy, communication systems, electronics and computer science, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and, of course, fluid dynamics. We are not aware of a book containing both introductory and more advanced material that covers the same material as presented here. The book is the result of a compilation and expansion of material presented at a summer school on Optical Diagnosticsfor Flow Processes,held at RiS0 National Laboratory and the Technical University of Denmark in September 1993. The aim of the course was to provide a solid background for understanding, evaluating, and using modem optical diagnostic methods, addressing Ph. D. students and researchers active in areas of fluid flow research. The disciplines represented by the participants ranged from atmospheric fluid dynamics to biomedicine.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Program synthesis is a solution to the software crisis. If we had a program that develops correct programs from specifications, then program validation and maintenance would disappear from the software life-cycle, and one could focus on the more creative tasks of specification elaboration, validation, and maintenance, because replay of program development would be less costly. This monograph describes a novel approach to Inductive Logic Programming (ILP), which cross-fertilizes logic programming and machine learning. Aiming at the synthesis of recursive logic programs only, and this from incomplete information, we take a software engineering approach that is more appropriate than a pure artificial intelligence approach. This book is suitable as a secondary text for graduate level courses in software engineering and artificial intelligence, and as a reference for practitioners of program synthesis.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 1 Introduction.- 2 Sources of Noise and Methods of Coupling.- 2.1 Semiconductor Device Noise and Phenomena.- 2.2 Noise from Switching Voltage and Current.- 2.3 Inductive Coupling.- 2.4 Capacitive Coupling.- 2.5 Substrate Coupling.- 2.6 Summary.- 3 Semiconductor Device Simulation.- 3.1 Significance.- 3.2 Basic Equations.- 3.3 Boundary Conditions.- 3.4 Models of Physical Parameters.- 3.5 Spatial Discretization.- 3.6 Solution Methods.- 3.7 A Representative Example.- 3.8 Summary.- 4 Simplified Substrate Modeling and Rapid Simulation.- 4.1 Simplified Equation.- 4.2 Spatial Discretization.- 4.3 Boundary Conditions.- 4.4 Solution Methods.- 4.5 Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation (AWE).- 4.6 Substrate AWE Macromodels.- 4.7 Transient Simulation of AWE Macromodels.- 4.8 Substrate DC Macromodels.- 4.9 Matrix Solution.- 4.10 Results.- 4.11 Summary.- 5 Mesh Generation.- 5.1 Adaptive Mesh Refinement.- 5.2 A Priori Mesh Refinement.- 5.3 Summary.- 6 Substrate Modeling in Heavily-Doped Bulk Processes.- 6.1 Motivation.- 6.2 Single Node Substrate Model.- 6.3 Modified Single Node Substrate Model.- 6.4 Summary.- 7 Substrate Resistance Extraction for Large Circuits.- 7.1 Nested Macromodeling.- 7.2 Interpolated Macromodeling.- 7.3 Summary.- 8 Modeling Chip/Package Power Distribution.- 8.1 Effect of Power Bus Structure on Noise coupling.- 8.2 Summary.- 9 Controlling Substrate Coupling in Heavily-Doped Bulk Processes.- 9.1 Characterization of noise coupling concepts.- 9.2 P+ Bulk Wafer Characterization.- 9.3 Effect of Substrate contact placement on coupled noise.- 9.4 Effect of Package Inductance on Substrate noise.- 9.5 Noise Coupling Control Techniques.- 9.6 Summary.- 10 Controlling Substrate Coupling in Bulk P- Wafers.- 10.1 Bulk P- Wafer Characteristics.- 10.2 Substrate Attenuation Structures.-10.3 Summary.- 11 Chip/Package Shielding and Good Circuit Design Practice.- 11.1 Far Field Radiated Emissions.- 11.2 Effect of Chip Signal Isolation/Shielding Techniques on Noise.- 11.3 Effect of Packaging on Noise.- 11.4 Effect of Card Layout and Referencing on Noise.- 11.5 Effect of Circuit Topology on Noise.- 11.6 Summary.- 12 A Design Example.- 12.1 Design of a Mixed-Signal IC.- 12.2 Summary.- Appendices.- A Mesh Moments.- B Convergence Behaviour of Iterative Methods.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - As the world becomes increasingly dependent on the use of computers, the need for quality software which can be produced at reasonable cost increases. This IFIP proceedings brings together the work of leading researchers and practitioners who are concerned with the efficient production of quality software.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book provides up-to-date information about the promising use of feature technology for integrating computer-aided-design with subsequent applications. The book consists of 20 articles based upon the international IFIP conference on this topic held in Valenciennes, France in May 1994. …