springer okt 1982 (3 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Medicine is a complex social institution which includes biomedical research, clinical practice, and the administration and organization of health care delivery. As such, it is amenable to analysis from a number of disciplines and directions. The present volume is composed of revised papers on the theme of 'Responsibility in Health Care' presented at the Eleventh Trans Disciplinary Symposium on Philosophy and Medicine, which was held in Springfield, illinois on March 16-18, 1981. The collective focus of these essays is the clinical practice of medicine and the themes and issues related to questions of responsibility in that setting. Responsibility has three related dimensions which make it a suitable theme for an inquiry into clinical medicine: (a) an external dimension in legal and political analysis in which the State imposes penalties on individuals and groups and in which officials and governments are held accountable for policies; (b) an internal dimension in moral and ethical analysis in which individuals take into account the consequences of their actions and the criteria which bear upon their choices; and (c) a comprehensive dimension in social and cultural analysis in which values are ordered in the structure of a civilization ([8], p. 5). The title 'Responsibility in Health Care' thus signifies a broad inquiry not only into the ethics of individual character and actions, but the moral foundations of the cultural, legal, political, and social context of health care generally.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The topic of thls paper lS a comparative study of the posi tlon of two different law systems, Dutch Civil Law and Canadian Common Law, in their treatment of liabllity problems arlsing from negllgent conduct at one hand, or In no-fault situatlons on the other, that lS In their treatment of strict liability issues wlthln the amblt of the crlminal law, wlth some digressions lnto tort law. At the suggestlon of the wrlter's Promotor, Prof. Dr. G.E. Mulder, a brlef overvien of the common law system, its develop ment between 1066 A.D. and 1867 A.D., and of some of the relevant baslc notions, precedes the discussion of the maln topic. Its purpose lS to asslst the Dutch reader in assessing the merits of the concluslons suggested. The dlscussion of topics of a purely lntroductory nature has been kept succlnct In order to keep the size of this paper wlthin reasonable limlts. Practlcally, thls means that no detailed discusslons of diverglng points of view regarding certain doc trines are being presented. Rather, the writer has limlted him self to statlng generally accepted prlnciples, contrasted against a hlstorical backdrop where thls would clarify the statements made. An attempt was made to arrange this lntroductory material in such a fashion that it will lead up to and prepare for a detailed discussion of strict liability. -5- Jus est norma recti, et quicquid est contra normam recti est in juria. Dig.l,l,l,l; Bract.fol. 2b.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The Netherlands, like the other industrialized countries in the northern hemisphere, is faced with increas ing environmental pro blems. Being a country rich in water - at least in terms of surface area - and low-lying, problems related to water are as old as the nation itself. The problems in regard to water quality are becoming more acute and complicated due to the progressive rise in air and ground pollution. Glaring examples are the acid rains and contamination of ground-water resources by toxic, and often illegal, waste dumps. Being a delta country, the Netherlands is also very vulnerable to pollution from the water sources outside the country's national boundaries, i.e. the rivers Rhine, Meuse and ScheIdt. Not only the national but also the international authorities are active in developing measures to both prevent and combat water pollution, and to restore as far as possible the natural balance or a 'reasonable' water quality. The pollution abatement programmes are based on ecological theories; accepting waterbodies as aquatic ecosystems, the authorities concerned try to influence and lead the progresses in the systems to reach or maintain the desired ecosystem structure. Suter II (1981) mentioned a number of reasons why the attempts to use ecosystem theories to assess the impacts on the environment have been disappointing to date. It is clear that one of the reasons for the failure is lack of proper knowledge.