springer new york springer new york aug 2006 (12 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The purpose of this book is to provide an accessible introduction to a new set of methods for the analysis of Lagrangian motion in geophysical ows. These methods were originally developed in the abstract mathem- ical setting of dynamical systems theory, through a geometric approach to di erential equations that ultimately owes much to the insights of Poincar e (1892). In the 1980s and 1990s, researchers in applied mathematics and uid dynamics recognized the potential of this approach for the analysis of uid motion. Despite these developments and the existence of a substantial body of work on geophysical uid problems in the dynamical systems and geophysicalliterature,nointroductorytexthasbeenavailablethatpresents these methods in the context of geophysical uid ow. The text is meant to be accessible to geophysical uid scientists and students familiar with the mathematics of ordinary (mostly) and partial (sometimes) di erential equations. It assumes little or no prior knowledge of dynamical systems theory. An e ort is made to explain concepts from a physical point of view, and to avoid the theorem and proof constructions that appear in dynamical systems texts. We hope that this book will prove usefultograduatestudents,researchscientists,andeducatorsinanybranch of geophysical uid science in which the motion and transport of uid, and ofmaterialscarriedbythe uid,isofinterest.Wehopethatitwillalsoprove interesting and useful to applied mathematicians who seek an introduction to an intriguing and rapidly developing area of geophysical uid dynamics.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Lowers the Learning Curve for Physicians and Researchers!The successful Statistical Reasoning in Medicine: The Intuitive P-value Primer, with its novel emphasis on patient and community protection, illustrated the correct use of statistics in health care research for healthcare workers. Through clear explanations and examples, this book provided the non-mathematician with a foundation for understanding the underlying statistical reasoning process in clinical research, the core principles of research design, and the correct use of statistical inference and p-values.The P-Value Primer 2nd Edition levels the learning curve of statistics for health care researchers by further de-emphasizing mathematical and computational devices, bringing the principles of statistical reasoning closer to the uninitiated. Adding to the updated discussions of research design, hypothesis testing, regression analysis, and Bayes procedures, are new discussions of absolute and relative risk, as well as a lucid description of the number needed to treat (NNT). The multiple analysis issue is clearly defined, and a new description of the correct use and interpretation of combined endpoints in health care research is offered in an easily digestible format.The P-value Primer 2nd Edition demolishes other obstacles that have impeded a clear understanding of the application of statistics in medicine. The intertwined roles of epidemiology and biostatistics are depicted. In addition to a description of the non-technical history of statistics, a new discussion describes the active cultural forces that have historically argued against the use of probability and statistics, placing the current applications and controversies involving p-values in context. New illustrations of the difficulties physicians and health care providers face in research are offered, and the differences between research skills and statistical skills are distinguished. New discussion describing the process of scientific reasoning, p-values, and the law is included. All of this nonstandard content, so essential for a well rounded perspective on the modern use of statistics in medicine, makes this volume unique among introductory statistics books.New figures, conversation, and illustrations fortify each chapter. In addition, three new appendices have been added on the normal distribution, sample size computations, and new requirements for the use of statistics in the courtroom.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The American Board of Surgery In-Training Examination (ABSITE) is taken annually by more than 7000 general surgery residents nationwide to ensure that specific learning objectives are being met in their training. Recent exams have emphasized basic science and Review of Surgery: Basic Science and Clinical Topics for ABSITE is written with that in mind. Each chapter is a short summary of a basic science or clinical topic and includes hundreds of related questions like those found on ABSITE. The book is targeted to trainees at various levels and also can be used to prepare for the qualifying (written) and certifying (oral) exams given by the American Board of Surgery upon completion of training. (This book will also serve as a supplemental review for non-U.S. trained surgeons seeking U.S. credentials to practice.).

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Pattern recognition has its origins in engineering, whereas machine learning grew out of computer science. However, these activities can be viewed as two facets of the same field, and together they have undergone substantial development over the past ten years. In particular, Bayesian methods have grown from a specialist niche to become mainstream, while graphical models have emerged as a general framework for describing and applying probabilistic models. Also, the practical applicability of Bayesian methods has been greatly enhanced through the development of a range of approximate inference algorithms such as variational Bayes and expectation pro- gation. Similarly, new models based on kernels have had significant impact on both algorithms and applications. This new textbook reacts these recent developments while providing a comprehensive introduction to the fields of pattern recognition and machine learning. It is aimed at advanced undergraduates or first year PhD students, as wellas researchers and practitioners, and assumes no previous knowledge of pattern recognition or - chine learning concepts. Knowledge of multivariate calculus and basic linear algebra is required, and some familiarity with probabilities would be helpful though not essential as the book includes a self-contained introduction to basic probability theory.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - There are no books precisely parallel to this one. The main works of the major authors in phenomenological philosophy (but not phenomenological psychology) are in print - we mean Husserl, Heidegger, Sartre and Merleau- Ponty. General texts on the phenomenological approach in philosophy - including ones which take a historical approach - are available. Notable are: H. Spiegelberg (1981) The Phenomenological Movement (3rd edition) The Hague, Martinus Nijhoff. D. Moran (2000) Introduction to Phenomenology London, Routledge. There are several accounts of psychology from a phenomenological viewpoint in print, some of which refer to the philosophical roots. The extent of the reference varies. None fully spells the connections out, and none has a historical perspective. For example: R .S. Valle and S. Halling (1989) Existential-Phenomenological Perspectives in Psychology New York, Plenum Press. E. Spinelli (2005) The Interpreted World: An introduction to phenomenological psychology (2nd edition) London, Sage. H.R. Pollio, T.B. Henley and C.T. Thompson (1997) The Phenomenology of Everyday Life Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. K. Dahlberg, N. Drew, and M. Nyström (2001) Reflective Lifeworld Research Stockholm, Studentlitteratur. There are books in print which are much more concerned with the practicalities of phenomenologically-based research in psychology than with the history and philosophy underlying this. The most used example is probably: C. Moustakas (1994) Phenomenological Research Methods Thousand Oaks, Sage. I would characterize the current book, in contrast to the above, as having phenomenologically-based research in psychology firmly in view, but addressing in detail the historical development of the phenomenological movement in philosophy insofar as it illuminates the inmpact on psychology. So - the historical development of phenomenological philosophy and the impact, at each stage, on psychology.Answering as a collateral effect the question, What is phenomenological psychology It is essential to offer an authoritative account of these matters now because: Qualitative research in psychology has achieved acceptance in Europe (though the acceptance is less in the United States at present), and with qualitative research in general, phenomenologically-based research is widely practiced. The British Psychological Society - by whom undergraduate degrees in psychology are accredited (and without this accreditation, students cannot progress to professional training) - has just begun to demand qualitative research training as part of the research methods and practical training programme. This book uniquely contains material that would be needed for a thorough background in phenomenological psychology. The British Psychological Society has also just begun to demand a core module in the History and Philosophy of Psychology as part of the advanced undergraduate education of psychology students. This book - though not intended as a core elementary text - would be right as background reading. In associated, applied areas throughout the world (e.g. health psychology, organizational and industrial psychology, counseling, nursing) phenomenological approaches are well accepted and very widely used. However, the meaning of the approach is often misunderstood - often boiling down to a report of, e.g. patients' statements about such-and-such a thing. Experience is not rigorously addressed. This book provides a necessary corrective, and indicates what the options are for phenomenologically-based research, and the basis of these options within the history of phenomenological philosophy.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Frederick Mosteller has inspired numerous statisticians and other scientists by his creative approach to statistics and its applications. This volume brings together 40 of his most original and influential papers, capturing the variety and depth of his writings. The editors hope to share these with a new generation of researchers, so that they can build upon his insights and efforts.This volume of selected papers is a companion to the earlier volume A Statistical Model: Frederick Mosteller's Contributions to Statistics, Science, and Public Policy, edited by Stephen E. Fienberg, David C. Hoaglin, William H. Kruskal, and Judith M. Tanur (Springer-Verlag, 1990), and to Mosteller's forthcoming autobiography, which will also be published by Springer-Verlag. It includes a biography and a comprehensive bibliography of Mosteller's books, papers, and other writings.Stephen E. Fienberg is Maurice Falk University Professor of Statistics and Social Science, in the Departments of Statistics and Machine Learning at Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA. David C. Hoaglin is Principal Scientist at Abt Associates Inc., Cambridge, MA.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - PET/CT: Essentials for Clinical Practice, edited by Drs. Workman and Coleman, provides an introductory reference source for physicians who want to learn more about PET/CT, as well as for medical students and residents who are involved in the rapidly growing eld of PET/CT. The rst two chapters of the text outline the basic principles involved in patient preparation, imaging interpretation, and reimbursement. The remainder of the text provides information necessary to make a learned and informed de- sion with regard to the appropriate use of PET/CT in oncologic, cardiac, and neurologic disorders. An important factor in determining the value of any text is the knowledge and credentials of the editors. Dr. Coleman's background as a leader in the elds of nuclear medicine, PET, PET/CT, and reimbursement places him at the fo- front in the knowledge of the subject matter. Dr. Workman, having trained with Dr. Coleman, is eminently suited to co-edit a text of this nature. PET/CT: Essentials for Clinical Practice is a well-written introductory text, and it provides fundamental information to improve understanding and clinical applications of this rapidly-evolving imaging modality. The next decade will involve the eld of functional/molecular imaging with a variety of innovative instrumentation developments, allowing us to examine smaller components of the human body with greater accuracy.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The approach taken in this book is to studies monitored over time, what the Central Limit Theorem is to studies with only one analysis. Just as the Central Limit Theorem shows that test statistics involving very different types of clinical trial outcomes are asymptotically normal, this book shows that the joint distribution of the test statistics at different analysis times is asymptotically multivariate normal with the correlation structure of Brownian motion ('the B-value') irrespective of the test statistic. The so-called B-value approach to monitoring allows us to use, for different types of trials, the same boundaries and the same simple formula for computing conditional power. Although Brownian motion may sound complicated, the authors make the approach easy by starting with a simple example and building on it, one piece at a time, ultimately showing that Brownian motion works for many different types of clinical trials.The book will be very valuable to statisticians involved in clinical trials. The main body of the chapters is accessible to anyone with knowledge of a standard mathematical statistics text. More mathematically advanced readers will find rigorous developments in appendices at the end of chapters. Reading the book will develop insight into not only monitoring, but power, survival analysis, safety, and other statistical issues germane to clinical trials.Michael Proschan, Gordon Lan, and Janet Wittes are elected Fellows of the American Statistical Association. All have spent formative years in the Biostatistics Research Branch of the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI/NIH). While there, they were intimately involved in the design and statistical monitoring of large-scale randomized clinical trials, developing methodology to aid in their monitoring. For example, Lan developed, with DeMets, the now widely-used spending function approach to group sequential designs, whose properties were further investigated byProschan. The B-value approach used in the book was introduced in a very influential paper by Lan and Wittes. The statistical theory behind conditional power was developed by Lan, along with Simon and Halperin, and was the cornerstone for the conditional error approach to adaptive clinical trials introduced by Proschan and Hunsberger. All three authors have expertise in adaptive methodology for clinical trials.Michael Proschan is a Mathematical Statistician at the National Institutes of Health; Gordon Lan is Senior Director of Biometrics at Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, L.L.C.; Janet Wittes is President of Statistics Collaborative, a statistical consulting company she founded in 1990.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book covers cell-cell channels at all levels of biological organization. The purpose of this book is to document that cells are not physically separated and fully autonomous units of biological life as stated by the currently valid Cell Theory. If not the cell then some lower level unit must fulfill this role. The book deals also with the identity of this elusive unit of biological life.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The prominence of finite mixture modelling is greater than ever. Many important statistical topics like clustering data, outlier treatment, or dealing with unobserved heterogeneity involve finite mixture models in some way or other. The area of potential applications goes beyond simple data analysis and extends to regression analysis and to non-linear time series analysis using Markov switching models.For more than the hundred years since Karl Pearson showed in 1894 how to estimate the five parameters of a mixture of two normal distributions using the method of moments, statistical inference for finite mixture models has been a challenge to everybody who deals with them. In the past ten years, very powerful computational tools emerged for dealing with these models which combine a Bayesian approach with recent Monte simulation techniques based on Markov chains. This book reviews these techniques and covers the most recent advances in the field, among them bridge sampling techniques and reversible jump Markov chain Monte Carlo methods.It is the first time that the Bayesian perspective of finite mixture modelling is systematically presented in book form. It is argued that the Bayesian approach provides much insight in this context and is easily implemented in practice. Although the main focus is on Bayesian inference, the author reviews several frequentist techniques, especially selecting the number of components of a finite mixture model, and discusses some of their shortcomings compared to the Bayesian approach.The aim of this book is to impart the finite mixture and Markov switching approach to statistical modelling to a wide-ranging community. This includes not only statisticians, but also biologists, economists, engineers, financial agents, market researcher, medical researchers or any other frequent user of statistical models. This book should help newcomers to the field to understand how finite mixture andMarkov switching models are formulated, what structures they imply on the data, what they could be used for, and how they are estimated. Researchers familiar with the subject also will profit from reading this book. The presentation is rather informal without abandoning mathematical correctness. Previous notions of Bayesian inference and Monte Carlo simulation are useful but not needed.Sylvia Frühwirth-Schnatter is Professor of Applied Statistics and Econometrics at the Department of Applied Statistics of the Johannes Kepler University in Linz, Austria. She received her Ph.D. in mathematics from the University of Technology in Vienna in 1988. She has published in many leading journals in applied statistics and econometrics on topics such as Bayesian inference, finite mixture models, Markov switching models, state space models, and their application in marketing, economics and finance.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - From galagos to gorillas, the primates of western Uganda comprise a very di verse collection of species. Western Uganda has a long history of primatological research extending back to the publications of the Uganda Virus Institute in 1947 and even to the notable first encounters of Count Beringe with moun tain gorillas in 1913. Many forested areas of Uganda (Figure i) have been the focus of research continuously since 1970, and thus western Uganda has a cen tral place in primatology that it maintains to the present day. In this book, we present a series of new, unpublished scientific accounts of a selection of the species in the region, each chapter focusing on one or more particular charac teristics of the species concerned. The book falls naturally into four sections. First, we introduce the primates of western Uganda, with a chapter on their tax onomy. We have left authors to follow the taxonomic terminology with which they are most comfortable, but present this first chapter to reflect recent devel opments in the understanding of taxonomic relationships among the Ugandan primates. Second, we present a section with an ecological focus, followed by a collection of chapters on behavior and physiology. Finally the focus shifts to conservation. Chimpanzees and gorillas have always attracted a lot of interest both among the general public and among researchers; consequently, this interest is reflected in the present volume.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book represents proceedings of the 19th American Peptide Symposium. It highlights many of the recent developments in peptide science, with a particular emphasis on how these advances are being applied to basic problems in biology and medicine. Specific topics covered include novel synthetic strategies, peptides in biological signaling, post-translational modifications of peptides and proteins, and peptide quaternary structure in material science and disease.