springer jun 1992 (21 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Dynamic modeling is the fundamental building block for mechanism analysis, design, control and performance evaluation. One class of mechanism, legged machines, have multiple closed-chains established through intermittent ground contacts. Further, walking on natural terrain introduces nonlinear system compliance in the forms of foot sinkage and slippage. Closed-chains constrain the possible motions of a mechanism while compliances affect the redistribution of forces throughout the system. A General Model of Legged Locomotion on Natural Terrain develops a dynamic mechanism model that characterizes indeterminate interactions of a closed-chain robot with its environment. The approach is applicable to any closed-chain mechanism with sufficient contact compliance, although legged locomotion on natural terrain is chosen to illustrate the methodology. The modeling and solution procedures are general to all walking machine configurations, including bipeds, quadrupeds, beam-walkers and hopping machines. This work develops a functional model of legged locomotion that incorporates, for the first time, non-conservative foot-soil interactions in a nonlinear dynamic formulation. The model was applied to a prototype walking machine, and simulations generated significant insights into walking machine performance on natural terrain. The simulations are original and essential contributions to the design, evaluation and control of these complex robot systems. While posed in the context of walking machines, the approach has wider applicability to rolling locomotors, cooperating manipulators, multi-fingered hands, and prehensile agents.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Traditional mathematical programming has concentrated on problems that can be solved by achieving a single objective. In reality, many multi-objective situations exist; concentrating on a single goal limits the applicability of math programming models. Accordingly, multiobjective optimization has emerged as a rapidly growing area. In this monograph the author draws from the more mature body of literature on multicriterion decision theory to enhance understanding of multiobjective optimization. There are obvious commonalities between the two areas, but to date no one has presented a book which unifies the two. That is the aim of Multiobjective Optimization: Behavioral and Computational Considerations. There are many behavioral and computational issues which are relevant to multiobjective optimization. These issues cross the disciplines of behavioral decision theory, information and decision support systems, and computational analysis.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book evaluates new data on diet and cancer and uses it to update the dietary guidelines produced by ECP and IUNS in 1985. It is the proceedings of the 9th Annual Symposium of the European Organization for Cooperation in Cancer Prevention Studies held in Madrid during October, 1991. The first section updates general background material (dietary carcinogens, animal studies etc.), the second concerns diet and cancer at specific sites and also specific nutrients in human cancer. The third section addresses problems with guidelines per se, and the fourth the Mediterranean diet in relation to cancer. These chapters, together with the general conclusions reached in a parallel workshop, represent a state-of-the-art review of the current status of diet and cancer and also provide the background to the conclusions that guidelines as formulated in 1985 can no longer be sustained and that they need to be replaced by guidelines that (a) concern food groups instead of nutrients and (b) are targetted at particular groups rather than the population in general.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Organized on a product category basis, this volume provides an up-to-date review of the cosmetics and toiletries industry in a readily digestible form. Authors discuss the rationale of raw materials selection, the formulation and development of products that meet the demands of an international market place, product performances, and safety and quality aspects.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This volume brings together the best essays and reviews of Herbert H. Rowen, professor emeritus of Rutgers University, foreign member of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, and one of the first important English-speaking historians of the Dutch Republic since John Lothrop Motley. Many of the essays, though published previously, have not been readily available, while several appear here for the first time. They include close analysis of the Dutch Republic, French absolutism, the eighteenth-century Republic and the Atlantic Revolutions, and direct and indirect commentary on the task of the historian more generally. Also included are three essays and several reviews about the work of Herbert Rowen, which assess his particular contribution to historical studies. The leading characteristics of that work are reflected in the title of this collection: clarity and ease of expression, rigor of thought, and a focus on the intersection of political thought and practice in the early modern period.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Studies of Reovirus Pathogenesis Reveal Potential Sites for Antiviral Intervention.- Drugs as Molecular Tools.- Genetically Engineered Bacteria to Identify and Produce Antiviral Agents.- Antiviral Agents from Novel Marine and Terrestrial Sources.- Virus Receptors: The Achilles' Heel of Human Rhinoviruses.- Therapeutic Strategies Employing CD4, The HIV Receptor.- Molecular Characterization of HIV-2 (ROD) Protease following PCR Cloning from Virus Infected H9 Cells.- A Novel, Non-Nucleoside Inhibitor of HIV-1 Reverse Transcriptase (Review).- Catalytic Antisense RNA (Ribozymes): Their Potential and Use as Anti-HIV-1 Therapeutic Agents.- Therapies for Hepatitis B Virus: Current Status and Future Possiblities.- A Preliminary Report of a Controlled Study of Thymosin Alpha-1 in the Woodchuck Model of Hepadnavirus Infection.- Delta Virus as a Vector for the Delivery of Biologically Active RNAs: Possibly a Ribozyme Specific for Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection.- Inhibition of Herpes Simplex Virus Ribonucleotide Reductase by Synthetic Nonapeptides: A Potential Antiviral Therapy.- Antiviral Effects of Herpes Simplex Virus Specific Anti-Sense Nucleic Acids.- Heterogeneity of a Herpes Simplex Virus Clinical Isolate Exhibiting Resistance to Acyclovir and Foscarnet.- Cellular Metabolism and Enzymatic Phosphorylation of 9-(2-Phosphonylmethoxyethyl) Guanine (PMEG), a Potential Antiviral Agent.- Effect of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection on Cytokine Gene Expression in Activated Murine Peritoneal Macrophages.- Procedure for Evaluation of Neutralizing Antibody to Cytomegalovirus in Commercial Intravenous Gamma Globulin Preparations.- Improved Detection of Antibodies to Hepatitis C Virus Using a Second Generation ELISA.- Emerging Trends in the Rapid Detection of Viruses.- DNA Probes for Viral Diagnosis.- Contributors.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Introduction: Atomic Physics and Nuclear Properties; J. Bauche. Atomic Methods in Nuclear Spectroscopy: Progress in Atomic Physics Experiments on Nuclear Properties; R. Neugart. Single Particle Aspects: Single Particle Response Function; S. Gales. Multiphonon States: Low-Energy Multiphonon States in Deformed Nuclei; R. Piepenbring. Shapes and Coexistence: Algebraic Approaches to Nuclear Structure; R.F. Casten. Octupoles: Reflection-Asymmetric Shapes in Atomic Nuclei; W. Nazarewicz. Superdeformation: Microscopic Description of Superdeformation at Low Spin; R. Bonche, et al. Exotic Nuclei: Search for New Radioactivities at the Proton-Drip Line; F. Pougheon, et al. Chaos: Quantum Chaos and Low-Energy Nuclear Spectroscopy; M.J. Giannoni. Experimental Techniques: Nuclear Moments by Orientation Methods; H. Postma. 35 additional articles. Index.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Monitoring of Gaseous Pollutants by Tunable Diode Lasers is divided into four sections: I -- Atmospheric Trace Gas Detection; II -- Diode Lasers and Their Properties, including Progress in IV-VI Physics and Optoelectronic Devices; III -- Techniques, Systems, Components; IV - Special Applications. Atmospheric trace gas detection was of central interest, and the presentations clearly demonstrate the impressive capabilities of the diode laser technique. Reports on IV-VI mid-infrared diode lasers stress those properties -- radiation noise and emission linewidth -- which are essential for application to ultra-high sensitivity pollution monitoring. Two reports on III-V systems emitting at wavelengths shorter than 3 mum show that the less severe cooling requirements can lead to more compact equipment which can be used to detect pollutants via overtone absorption bands. The presentations on IV-VI physics and devices stress the physical and technological aspects of mid-infrared diode lasers. Laterally structured diode lasers are discussed in detail. There is also extensive material which compares traditional AM and the more recent FM techniques. The reports on special applications point to new directions for research, thus rounding off a complete, expert discussion of a vital research area.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Phospholipases A2: Brain Phospholipases and their Role in Signal Transduction; A.A. Farooqui, et al. Cell Signaling and Essential Fatty Acids: Reciprocal Regulation of Fatty Acid Release in the Brain by GABA and Glutamate; D.L. Birkle Metabolites of Essential Fatty Acids and Other MembraneDerived Second Messengers in Cell Signaling: A Role for the Arachidonic Acid Cascade in Fast Synaptic Modulation A. Volterra, et al. Dietary Supply of Essential Fatty Acids, Synaptogenesis, and Photoreceptor Biogenesis: Network of Signal Transduction Pathways Involving Lipids; R. Bell et al. Essential Fatty Acids, Excitable Membrane Phospholipids, and Pathophysiology: Conservation of Docosahexaenoic Acid in the Retina; R.E. Anderson, et al. Essential Fatty Acids and Excitable Membrane Phospholipids: Disposition Kinetics of Phospholipid Liposomes; P. Palatini 32 additional articles. Index.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Review: Taurine Deficiency and the Cat.- Taurine Synthesis in Cat and Mouse In Vivo and In Vitro.- Amino Acid Interaction with Taurine Metabolism in Cats.- The Effect of Dietary Supplementation with Cysteic Acid on the Plasma Taurine Concentration of Cats Maintained on a Taurine-Restricted Diet.- The Metabolic Basis for the Taurine Requirement of Cats.- Intestinal Taurine and the Enterohepatic Circulation of Taurocholic Acid in the Cat.- Urinary Excretion of Taurine as a Function of Taurine Intake: Potential for Estimating Taurine Bioavailability in the Adult Cat.- Dilated Cardiomyopathy Associated with Taurine Deficiency in the Domestic Cat: Relationship to Diet and Myocardial Taurine Content.- Reduction of Intrinsic Contractile Function of the Left Ventricle by Taurine Deficiency in Cats.- 'Activation' of Alveolar Leukocytes Isolated from Cats Fed Taurine-free Diets.- High Dietary Taurine and Feline Reproduction.- Taurine Distribution in the Cat Muscle: An Immunohistochemical Study.- Review: Myocardial Physiological Effects of Taurine and Their Significance.- Sarcolemmal Actions of Taurine Linked to Altered Phospholipid N-methylation.- Taurine Effects on Ionic Currents in Myocardial Cells.- Taurine Attenuates Contracture Induced by Perfusion with Low Sodium, High Calcium Medium in Chick Hearts.- Effect of Taurine on Intracellular Calcium Dynamics of Cultured Myocardial Cells During the Calcium Paradox.- Intracellular Effects of Taurine: Studies on Skinned Cardiac Preparations.- Effects of Taurine Deficiency on Arrhythmogenesis and Excitation-contraction Coupling in Cardiac Tissue.- Taurine Potentiates the Antiaggregatory Action of Aspirin and Indomethacin.- Antiarrhythmic Action of Taurine.- Mechanism Underlying Physiological Modulation of Myocardial Contraction by Taurine.- Effects of Taurine Depletion on Membrane Electrical Properties of Rat Skeletal Muscle.- Regression of Taurine Depletion in Rhesus Monkeys Deprived of Dietary Taurine Throughout the First Year.- Taurine Transport in the Mouse Cerebral Cortex During Development and Ageing.- Phospholipids, Phospholipid Methylation and Taurine Content in Synaptosomes of Developing Rat Brain.- The Effect of Taurine on the Age-related Decline of the Immune Response in Mice: the Restorative Effect on the T Cell Proliferative Response to Costimulation with Ionomycin and Phorbol Myristate Acetate.- Effects of Taurine Deficiency on Immune Function in Mice.- Review: Recent Studies on Taurine in the Central Nervous System.- Pathologies of the CNS and Associated Taurine Changes.- Taurine Receptor: Kinetic Analysis and Pharmacological Studies.- Evoked Endogenous Taurine Release from Cultured Cerebellar Neurons.- Effect of Hepes on the Uptake of Taurine by Cultured Nervous Cells.- The Trophic Role of Taurine in the Retina. A Possible Mechanism of Action.- Endogenous Regulation of the Taurine Receptor.- Localization of Taurine and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein in Human Optic Nerve Using Immunocytochemical Techniques.- Effects of Taurine on Protein Phosphorylation in Mammalian Tissues.- Taurine Protection of Lungs in Hamster Models of Oxidant Injury: a Morphologic Time Study of Paraquat and Bleomycin Treatment.- Taurine and Niacin Offer a Novel Therapeutic Modality in Prevention of Chemically-induced Pulmonary Fibrosis in Hamsters.- Taurine Protects Against Oxidant Injury to Rat Alveolar Pneumocytes.- The Protective Effect of Taurine on the Biomembrane Against Damage Produced by the Oxygen Radical.- Volume Regulatory Fluxes in Glial and Renal Cells.- Cell Volume Changes and Taurine Release in Cerebral Cortical Slices.- L-Glutamate-induced Swelling of Cultured Astrocytes.- Taurine and Volume Regulation in Isolated Nerve Endings.- Hyperosmolarity and Taurine Content, Uptake and Release in Astrocytes.- GABA and Taurine Serve as Respectively a Neurotransmitter and an Osmolyte in Cultured Cerebral Cortical Neurons.- Potassium-stimulated Release of Taurine in A Crude Retinal Preparation O.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - A Second Course in Statistics The past decade has seen a tremendous increase in the use of statistical data analysis and in the availability of both computers and statistical software. Business and government professionals, as well as academic researchers, are now regularly employing techniques that go far beyond the standard two-semester, introductory course in statistics. Even though for this group of users shorl courses in various specialized topics are often available, there is a need to improve the statistics training of future users of statistics while they are still at colleges and universities. In addition, there is a need for a survey reference text for the many practitioners who cannot obtain specialized courses. With the exception of the statistics major, most university students do not have sufficient time in their programs to enroll in a variety of specialized one-semester courses, such as data analysis, linear models, experimental de sign, multivariate methods, contingency tables, logistic regression, and so on. There is a need for a second survey course that covers a wide variety of these techniques in an integrated fashion. It is also important that this sec ond course combine an overview of theory with an opportunity to practice, including the use of statistical software and the interpretation of results obtained from real däta.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This volume, which is based on the Russian edition published in 1980, presents the fundamentals of mathematical geology. New developments which have taken place in the last ten years or so have been taken into account as far as possible, and this English edition contains two completely new chapters devoted, respectively, to random diffusion processes and a survey of future geological problems. The book has eight chapters. Chapter I deals with the basic question `What is mathematical geology ' Chapter II considers the concept of probability. Chapter III relates this fundamental tool to geological problems with the help of specific examples. Chapters IV-VI cover the theory of random sequence and concentrates on the form which is the most useful to geologists. Chapter VII is dedicated to continuous Markov processes which occur frequently in geological phenomena. The volume concludes with an overview of ideas which have been generated by mathematical geology and which pave the way for the further development of the subject. Many examples are included throughout the text and the volume has a comprehensive subject index.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - A major focus of the philosophy of medicine and, in general, of the philosophy of science has been the interplay of facts and values. Nowhere is an evaluation of this interplay more important than in the ethics of diagnosis. Traditionally, diagnosis has been understood as an epistemological activity which is concerned with facts and excludes the intrusion of values. The essays in this volume challenge this assumption. Questions of knowledge in diagnosis are intimately related to the concerns with intervention that characterize the applied science of medicine. Broad social and individual goals, as well as diverse ethical frameworks, are shown to condition both the processes and results of diagnosis. This has significant implications for bioethics, implications that have not previously been developed. With this volume, `the ethics of diagnosis' is established as an important branch of bioethics.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Probing matter with beams of photons, neutrons and electrons provides the main source of information about both the microscopic and macroscopic structure of materials. This is particularly true of media, such as crystals and liquid crystals, that have a periodic structure. This book discusses the interaction of waves (which may represent x-rays, gamma rays, electrons, or neutrons) with various kinds of ordered media. After two chapters dealing with exact and approximate solutions to the scattering problem in periodic media in general, the author discusses: the diffraction of Mößbauer radiation in magnetically ordered crystals; the optics of chiral liquid crystals; the radiation of fast particles in regular media (Cherenkov radiation); nonlinear optics of periodic media; neutron scattering in magnetically ordered media; polarization phenomena in x-ray optics; magnetic x-ray scattering; and Mößbauer filtration of synchrotron radiation.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This volume is devoted to stochastic and chaotic oscillations in dissipative systems. Chapter 1 deals with mathematical models of deterministic, discrete and distributed dynamical systems. In Chapter 2, the two basic trends of order and chaos are considered. The next three chapters describe stochasticity transformers, amplifiers and generators, turbulence, and phase portraits of steady-state motions and their bifurcations. Chapter 6 treats the topics of stochastic and chaotic attractors, and this is followed by two chapters dealing with routes to chaos and the quantitative characteristics of stochastic and chaotic motions. Finally, Chapter 9, which comprises more than one-third of the book, presents examples of systems having chaotic and stochastic motions drawn from mechanical, physical, chemical and biological systems. The book concludes with a comprehensive bibliography. For mathematicians, physicists, chemists and biologists interested in stochastic and chaotic oscillations in dynamical systems.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - James A. Storer Computer Science Dept. Brandeis University Waltham, MA 02254 Data compression is the process of encoding a body of data to reduce stor age requirements. With Lossless compression, data can be decompressed to be identical to the original, whereas with lossy compression, decompressed data may be an acceptable approximation (according to some fidelity criterion) to the original. For example, with digitized video, it may only be necessary that the decompressed video look as good as the original to the human eye. The two primary functions of data compression are: Storage: The capacity of a storage device can be effectively increased with data compression software or hardware that compresses a body of data on its way to the storage device and decompress it when it is retrieved. Communications: The bandwidth of a digital communication link can be effectively increased by compressing data at the sending end and decom pressing data at the receiving end. Here it can be crucial that compression and decompression can be performed in real time.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In the past ten years or so, biological magnetic resonance (NMR and ESR) has fully blossomed and become highly branched. In the 1970s and earlier, a practitioner in biological magnetic resonance was using virtually all of the available methods suitable for his research, with the latter covering a diverse range of systems. Today, the focus of an individual laboratory is actually much narrower, with respect to both the methods and the systems investigated. Thus, those who investigate protein structure by multi dimensional NMR spectroscopy do not usually engage in studies involving in vivo spectroscopy. The conferences on biological magnetic resonance now have parallel sessions rather than the single, common session of earlier days. Moreover, topical meetings are becoming more frequent. Therefore, this and future volumes of our series will also focus on specific topical areas. We are proud to present Volume 10 of our series. It focuses on Carbohydrates and Nucleic Acids. In an extensive chapter, Kamerling and Vliegenthart use oligosaccharide-alditols released from mucin-type- glycoproteins to illustrate the power of proton NMR spectroscopy in the determination of carbohydrate structure. Wemmer gives a detailed coverage of the arsenal of modern NMR methods now available for structural studies of nucleic acids. Forthcoming volumes will focus on In Vivo Spectroscopy and Protein Structure. As always, we are anxious to get feedback from the readers and hear their comments and suggestions. Lawrence J.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - What's in a name The original title of our book, Regular and Stochastic Motion, was chosen to emphasize Hamiltonian dynamics and the physical motion of bodies. The new edition is more evenhanded, with considerably more discussion of dissipative systems and dynamics not involving physical motion. To reflect this partial change of emphasis, we have substituted the more general terms in our title. The common usage of the new terms clarifies the emphasis of the book. The main change in the book has been to expand the sections on dissipative dynamics, including discussion of renormalization, circle maps, intermittancy, crises, transient chaos, multifractals, reconstruction, and coupled mapping systems. These topics were either mainly in the mathemati cal literature or essentially unstudied when our first edition was written. The volume of work in these areas has surpassed that in Hamiltonian dynamics within the past few years. We have also made changes in the Hamiltonian sections, adding many new topics such as more general transformation and stability theory, connected stochasticity in two-dimensional maps, converse KAM theory, new topics in diffusion theory, and an approach to equilibrium in many dimensions. Other sections such as mapping models have been revised to take into account new perspectives. We have also corrected a number of misprints and clarified various arguments with the help of colleagues and students, some of whom we acknowledge below. We have again chosen not to treat quantum chaos, partly due to our own lack ofacquaintance with the subject.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This volume is presented as a companion study to my translation of Galileo's MS 27, Galileo's Logical Treatises, which contains Galileo's appropriated questions on Aristotle's Posterior Analytics - a work only recently transcribed from the Latin autograph. Its purpose is to acquaint an English-reading audience with the teaching in those treatises. This is basically a sixteenth-century logic of discovery and of proof about which little is known in the present day, yet one that arguably guided the most significant research program of the seventeenth century. Despite its historical and systematic importance, the teaching is difficult to explain to the modern reader. Part of the problem stems from the fragmentary nature of the manuscript in which it is preserved, part from the contents of the teaching itself, which requires a considerable propadeutic for its comprehension. A word of explanation is thus required to set out the structure of the volume and to detail the editorial decisions that underlie its organization. Two major manuscript studies have advanced the cause of scholarship on Galileo within the past two decades. The first relates to Galileo's experimental activity at Padua prior to his discoveries with the telescope that led to the publication of his Sidereus nuncius in 1610. Much of this activity has been uncovered by Stillman Drake in analyses of manuscript fragments associated with the composition of Galileo's Two New Sciences, fragments now bound in a codex identified as MS 72 in the collection of Galileiana at the Biblioteca Nazionale Centrale in Florence.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In 1984, a conference called Wildlife 2000: Modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates, was held at Stanford Sierra Camp at Fallen Leaf Lake in the Sierra Nevada Mountains of California. The conference was well-received, and the published volume (Verner, J. , M. L. Morrison, and C. J. Ralph, editors. 1986. Wildlife 2000: modeling habitat relationships of terrestrial vertebrates, University of Wisconsin Press, Madison, Wisconsin, USA) proved to be a landmark publication that received a book award by The Wildlife Society. Wildlife 2001: populations was a followup conference with emphasis on the other major biological field of wildlife conservation and management, populations. It was held on July 29-31, 1991, at the Oakland Airport Hilton Hotel in Oakland, California, in accordance with our intent that this conference have a much stronger international representation than did Wildlife 2000. The goal of the conference was to bring together an international group of specialists to address the state of the art in wildlife population dynamics, and set the agenda for future research and management on the threshold of the 21st century. The mix of specialists included workers in theoretical, as well as practical, aspects of wildlife conservation and management. Three general sessions covered methods, modelling, and conservation of threatened species.