Springer dez 1994 (17 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 1 Introduction.- 1.1 Life strategies of fungi.- 2 The mycelium and substrates for growth.- 2.1 The mycelium.- 2.2 Spores and other mycelial-derived structures.- 2.3 Substrata and substrates for saprotrophs.- 3 Structure of fungal communities.- 3.1 Introduction.- 3.2 Development of fungal communities.- 3.3 Successions.- 4 Colonization and decomposition of leaves.- 4.1 Deposition.- 4.2 Colonization of living leaves.- 4.3 Factors affecting the development of fungal communities on leaf surfaces.- 4.4 Fungal successions in leaf litter.- 4.5 Decomposition of leaf litter.- 5 Development of fungal communities on herbaceous stems and grasses.- 5.1 Distribution of fungal populations on Dactylis glomerata.- 5.2 Interpretation of distribution patterns.- 5.3 Distribution patterns on other plants.- 6 Colonization and decay of wood.- 6.1 Wood as a resource.- 6.2 Colonization of woody tissues.- 6.3 Types of wood rot.- 6.4 Water relations.- 7 Fungi of soil and rhizosphere.- 7.1 Techniques for studying fungi of soil and roots.- 7.2 Fungal distribution in soil.- 7.3 Fungal activity in soil.- 7.4 The rhizosphere and root colonization.- 8 Coprophilous fungi.- 8.1 Succession of coprophilous fungi.- 8.2 Comparison of the fungal flora of different animal dungs.- 8.3 Autecological studies.- 9 Aquatic fungi.- 9.1 Introduction.- 9.2 Freshwater fungi.- 9.3 Marine fungi.- 10 Nematophagous fungi.- 10.1 Techniques for studying nematophagous fungi.- 10.2 Distribution and abundance.- 10.3 Ecological characteristics.- 10.4 Biological control of pathogenic nematodes.- 11 Phoenicoid fungi.- 11.1 Chemical, physical and biological changes in soil after burning.- 11.2 Ecological characteristics and phenology.- 11.3 Experimental studies.- 11.4 Fruiting of phoenicoid fungi following volcanic eruptions.- 12 Fungi of extreme environments.- 12.1 Thermotolerant and psychrotolerant fungi.- 12.2 Xerotolerant and osmotolerant fungi.- 13 Terrestrial macrofungi.- 13.1 Introduction.- 13.2 Wood-decay macrofungi.- 13.3 Litter decomposers.- 13.4 Mycorrhizal macrofungi.- References.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This latest volume summarizes the current state of knowledge of membrane assembly. It covers subjects germane to most membranes as well as to membranes of different organelles for prokaryote, plant, and animal cells.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - General Aspects of PCR: The Polymerase Chain Reaction and Fixed Tissues; J.J. O'Leary. Impact of PCR on the Pathologist's World; D. Myerson. Sensitive and Rapid Detection and Quantification of Nucleic Acids; L. Cross, et al. Alternative DNA-amplification Methods: Ligase-mediated Detection Methods; M. Wiedmann, et al. Qualitative and Quantitative Detection of Nucleic Acids of Infectious Agents by NASBA; B. van Gemen, et al. Application of NASBA to the Detection of Listeria Monocytogenes; J. Kleiber, et al. PCR and Virological Problems: Confirmation of Hepatitis C Virus Carrier State by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Cases with Nondiagnostic Serologies; C.H. Wang, B. Flehmig. Confirmation of Hepatitis C Virus Positive Seras by Polymerase Chain Reaction; G. Lucotte, et al. PCR in the Field of Bacterial and Fungal Problems: Identification of Toxoplasma-DNA by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Peripheral Blood Leukocytes of Patients with Suspected Toxoplasmosis; G. Koch, et al. Detection of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Clinical Samples by Polymerase Chain Reaction; G.M. Lucchini, M. Altwegg. 17 additional articles. Index. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book presents a collection of papers which evaluate the achievements of the Australian Trade Practices Act 1974 in making Australian markets more competitive. The contributors have all played major roles in Australian and New Zealand antitrust actions, either as expert economic witnesses, as antitrust enforcers, as judges or as quasi-judicial administrators. No other publication presents such in-depth economic analysis of the Act and the cases decided under it in its first two decades of its operation. As well as an introductory paper, this collection includes a foreword by the Hon. George Gear, Assistant Treasurer of the Australian Government and Minister responsible for the administration of the Act, plus two broad analytical overviews of the last two decades of Australian antitrust actions by two economists who have continually been at the heart of antitrust proceedings. In addition, papers are provided which give a judicial view of the Act and economic analysis, which compare the Act with its New Zealand counterpart. Other contributions look in detail at those sections of the Act which cover mergers, misuse of market power, price-fixing and vertical practices. The book shows that the Act has had a major impact on Australian market behavior. Judges, lawyers and economists between them have produced a truly Australian approach to antitrust, which has reflected overseas trends in both law and economics, as well as developed a unique Australian flavor. The book will be of interest to academic and practicing lawyers and economists, judges and corporate executives. It will be essential reading for Australian students in undergraduate courses in antitrust law, business regulation, antitrust economics and industrial organization. It provides by far the most comprehensive economic evaluation of Australian antitrust yet published and so will be the definitive source of information on this topic for non-Australians interestedin comparative antitrust legislation and enforcement issues.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Molecular Taxonomy: Classification and Identification; K.H. Schleifer, W. Ludwig. DNA Sequence Analysis of the Genetic Structure of Populations of Salmonella enterica and Escherichia coli; R.K. Selander, et al. Identification and Typing of Bacteria by Protein Electrophoresis; K. Kersters, et al. Characterisation and Identification of Microorganisms by FTIR Spectroscopy and FTIR Microscopy; D. Naumann, et al. Curie Point Pyrolysis Mass Spectrometry and Its Application to Bacterial Systematics; M. Goodfellow, et al. New Methods for Diagnosis and Epidemiological Studies of Tuberculosis Based on PCR and RFLP; C. Martín, et al. Typing in situ with Probes; R. Amann, W. Ludwig. The Use of Molecular Markers for the Detection and Typing of Bacteria in Soil; E.M.H. Wellington, et al. Phylogenetic Diversity of Methanogen Endosymbionts of Anaerobic Ciliates; T.M. Embley, B.J. Finlay. Diversity, Dynamics and Topographic Arrangement of Microorganisms Are Essential Parameters that Identify a Microbial Consortium; E. Conway de Macario, A.J.L. Macario. 8 additional articles. Index.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - l. THE GENERAL PROBLEM OF EPISTEMOLOGY There is a philosophical issue that surely precedes all other possible questions. It concerns the very possibility of our thinking about some thing to some purpose. Short of this no philosophy, theory or research would be possible. But it is not immediately clear that we are assured that what purports to be effective thought, and cognition is such in reality. What guarantee is there for instance that when one is under the impression that one is thinking that 'the cat is on the mat' it is in fact the case that one is thinking this One could not be thinking at all, only having a misleading mystic experience. And then even if one was thinking, one might not be really thinking of the cat being on the mat, but only that one wishes there was a cat, and wonders whether if there was it would be on the mat, and yet the subjective impression was that one was thinking: 'The cat is on the mat' (the same picture might stand for both the thoughts mentioned). Then one might in some way try to think 'the cat is on the mat. ' yet be mistaken in that there aren't any material objects at all, and all one does is to inventory god's perceptions. And so on, and so on! These are of course the kind of problem that the layman habitually views with disdainful alarm. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 1 Introduction.- 2 Sources of Noise and Methods of Coupling.- 2.1 Semiconductor Device Noise and Phenomena.- 2.2 Noise from Switching Voltage and Current.- 2.3 Inductive Coupling.- 2.4 Capacitive Coupling.- 2.5 Substrate Coupling.- 2.6 Summary.- 3 Semiconductor Device Simulation.- 3.1 Significance.- 3.2 Basic Equations.- 3.3 Boundary Conditions.- 3.4 Models of Physical Parameters.- 3.5 Spatial Discretization.- 3.6 Solution Methods.- 3.7 A Representative Example.- 3.8 Summary.- 4 Simplified Substrate Modeling and Rapid Simulation.- 4.1 Simplified Equation.- 4.2 Spatial Discretization.- 4.3 Boundary Conditions.- 4.4 Solution Methods.- 4.5 Asymptotic Waveform Evaluation (AWE).- 4.6 Substrate AWE Macromodels.- 4.7 Transient Simulation of AWE Macromodels.- 4.8 Substrate DC Macromodels.- 4.9 Matrix Solution.- 4.10 Results.- 4.11 Summary.- 5 Mesh Generation.- 5.1 Adaptive Mesh Refinement.- 5.2 A Priori Mesh Refinement.- 5.3 Summary.- 6 Substrate Modeling in Heavily-Doped Bulk Processes.- 6.1 Motivation.- 6.2 Single Node Substrate Model.- 6.3 Modified Single Node Substrate Model.- 6.4 Summary.- 7 Substrate Resistance Extraction for Large Circuits.- 7.1 Nested Macromodeling.- 7.2 Interpolated Macromodeling.- 7.3 Summary.- 8 Modeling Chip/Package Power Distribution.- 8.1 Effect of Power Bus Structure on Noise coupling.- 8.2 Summary.- 9 Controlling Substrate Coupling in Heavily-Doped Bulk Processes.- 9.1 Characterization of noise coupling concepts.- 9.2 P+ Bulk Wafer Characterization.- 9.3 Effect of Substrate contact placement on coupled noise.- 9.4 Effect of Package Inductance on Substrate noise.- 9.5 Noise Coupling Control Techniques.- 9.6 Summary.- 10 Controlling Substrate Coupling in Bulk P- Wafers.- 10.1 Bulk P- Wafer Characteristics.- 10.2 Substrate Attenuation Structures.-10.3 Summary.- 11 Chip/Package Shielding and Good Circuit Design Practice.- 11.1 Far Field Radiated Emissions.- 11.2 Effect of Chip Signal Isolation/Shielding Techniques on Noise.- 11.3 Effect of Packaging on Noise.- 11.4 Effect of Card Layout and Referencing on Noise.- 11.5 Effect of Circuit Topology on Noise.- 11.6 Summary.- 12 A Design Example.- 12.1 Design of a Mixed-Signal IC.- 12.2 Summary.- Appendices.- A Mesh Moments.- B Convergence Behaviour of Iterative Methods.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The origin of optical methods for fluid flow investigations appears to be nontraceable. This is no matter for surprise. After all seeing provides the most direct and common way for humans to learn about their environment. But at the same time some of the most sophisticated methods for doing measurements in fluids are also based on light and often laser light. A very large amount of material has been published in this area over the last two decades. Why then another publication Well, the field is still in a state of rapid development. It is characterised by the use of results and methods developed within very different areas like optical physics, spectroscopy, communication systems, electronics and computer science, mechanical engineering, chemical engineering and, of course, fluid dynamics. We are not aware of a book containing both introductory and more advanced material that covers the same material as presented here. The book is the result of a compilation and expansion of material presented at a summer school on Optical Diagnosticsfor Flow Processes,held at RiS0 National Laboratory and the Technical University of Denmark in September 1993. The aim of the course was to provide a solid background for understanding, evaluating, and using modem optical diagnostic methods, addressing Ph. D. students and researchers active in areas of fluid flow research. The disciplines represented by the participants ranged from atmospheric fluid dynamics to biomedicine.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - People want more from the government. One thing they want more of is a sense of personal safety, at home and at work (Regulation, Fall 1991). People also want the government to quit wasting money. The objective of having the government provide a safer life for us and our children at minimum cost leads logically to looking at policy within the system involving the private sector plus governments at the federal and sub federal levels. Using numerical simulations our book takes an integrated quantitative look at how the various institutions influencing workplace safety lead to the observed levels of illnesses and injuries among U.S. workers. Our innovation is piecing together the mosaic of interactions among workers, employers, state government, and the federal government that is numerically realistic in the sense of using economists' current knowl edge of quantitative connections. Our objective has been to write a Gray's Anatomy, if you will, of how the U.S. economic system, as tempered by government policy, jointly determines employment patterns, wages, and workplace safety levels.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Program synthesis is a solution to the software crisis. If we had a program that develops correct programs from specifications, then program validation and maintenance would disappear from the software life-cycle, and one could focus on the more creative tasks of specification elaboration, validation, and maintenance, because replay of program development would be less costly. This monograph describes a novel approach to Inductive Logic Programming (ILP), which cross-fertilizes logic programming and machine learning. Aiming at the synthesis of recursive logic programs only, and this from incomplete information, we take a software engineering approach that is more appropriate than a pure artificial intelligence approach. This book is suitable as a secondary text for graduate level courses in software engineering and artificial intelligence, and as a reference for practitioners of program synthesis.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Some might ask 'Why Locke's theory of knowledge now ' Though appreciated for his social philosophy, Locke has been criticized for his work in the field of epistemology ever since the publication of the Essay. It is even as if Locke serves only as an example of how not to think. When people criticize Locke, they usually cite the hostile commen taries of Berkeley, Kant, Husserl, or Sellars. But, one might ask, are they not all so eager to show the excellence of their own epistemo logical views that they distort and underestimate Locke's thought Russell aptly noted in his History of Western Philosophy that: No one has yet succeeded in inventing a philosophy at once credible and self-consis tent. Locke aimed at credibility, and achieved it at the expense of consistency. Most of the great philosophers have done the opposite. A philosophy which is not self-consis tent cannot be wholly true, but a philosophy which is self-consistent can very well be wholly false. The most fruitful philosophies have contained glaring inconsistencies, but for that very reason have been partially true. There is no reason to suppose that a self consistent system contains more truth than one which, like Locke's, is obviously more or less wrong. (B. Russell, A History of Western Philosophy [New York: Simon and Schuster, 1945], p. 613. ) Here Russell is uncommonly charitable with Locke.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Volume 23 of this important series surveys a wide range of the latest biophysical and spectroscopic methods, offering a well-integrated and interdisciplinary view of biological membranes. Researchers will appreciate the extensive study on how secondary structures of proteins can be derived from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Cell Biology: Gammadelta T Lymphocytes in Mice and Man: A Review; J. Borst, et al. Ontogeny: Features and Functions of Epidermal T Lymphocytes; G. Stingl, et al. Lymphocyte Homing: Cytokine Neuropeptide Interactions in the Skin; T.A. Luger, et al. Effect of UV Light on Cytokine Production by Epidermal Cells; T. Schwarz, et al. Viruses: A New Retrovirus from Cutaneous Tcell Lymphoma; V. Manzari, et al. Survey of Cutaneous Tcell Lymphomas for Human Tlymphotropic Virus Infection; M. D'Incan, et al. Histology: Inflammatory Precursors of Mycosis Fungoides; W.C. Lambert. The Histological Spectrum of Cutaneous Tcell Lymphoma; N. Smith. Genotyping: BCL2 Gene Rearrangement and Protein Expression in Primary Cutaneous Bcell Lymphomas; F. Pezzella, et al. Immunomodulation and Tumor Progression. 35 additional articles. Index.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book provides a unified, comprehensive presentation of the foundations of the theory of viscoelastic solids. The large subject area is separated into self-contained chapters that give a full, complete picture and allow a thorough understanding of the current status and future direction of individual topics.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - As the world becomes increasingly dependent on the use of computers, the need for quality software which can be produced at reasonable cost increases. This IFIP proceedings brings together the work of leading researchers and practitioners who are concerned with the efficient production of quality software.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In three volumes, a distinguished group of scholars from a variety of disciplines in the natural and social sciences, the humanities and the arts contribute essays in honor of Robert S. Cohen, on the occasion of his 70th birthday. The range of the essays, as well as their originality, and their critical and historical depth, pay tribute to the extraordinary scope of Professor Cohen's intellectual interests, as a scientist-philosopher and a humanist, and also to his engagement in the world of social and political practice. The essays presented in Physics, Philosophy, and the Scientific Community (Volume I of Essays in Honor of Robert S. Cohen) focus on philosophical and historical issues in contemporary physics: on the origins and conceptual foundations of quantum mechanics, on the reception and understanding of Bohr's and Einstein's work, on the emergence of quantum electrodynamics, and on some of the sharp philosophical and scientific issues that arise in current scientific practice (e.g. in superconductivity research). In addition, several essays deal with critical issues within the philosophy of science, both historical and contemporary: e.g. with Cartesian notions of mechanism in the philosophy of biology; with the language and logic of science - e.g. with new insights concerning the issue of a `physicalistic' language in the arguments of Neurath, Carnap and Wittgenstein; with the notion of `elementary logic'; and with rational and non-rational elements in the history of science. Two original contributions to the history of mathematics and some studies in the comparative sociology of science round off this outstanding collection.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) techniques for the inspection of industrial structural components have to be qualified in respect to the minimum performance to be achieved. The qualification schemes relate to all aspects of the tests: procedure, equipment and personnel and the qualification of inspection should be codified in Standards. Such Standards are of two main types: those that detail the methods and procedures to be used and those that define the results which must be achieved. The European Network for Inspection Qualification (ENIQ) has as its aim the creation of a European collaboration for critical studies, assessment and qualification of inspection procedures for industrial structural components. The final goal is to support international Codes and Standards bodies via technical tools, expertise and demonstrative exercises that can be sponsored and managed at the European level.…