Springer dez 1989 (10 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Theoretical vegetation science on the way.- Structure of theory in vegetation science.- Explanation and prediction in vegetation science.- A new model for the continuum concept.- A theory of the spatial and temporal dynamics of plant communities.- Fuzzy systems vegetation theory.- Ecological Field Theory: the concept and field tests.- Montane vegetation of the Mt. Field massif, Tasmania: a test of some hypotheses about properties of community patterns.- Comparison of ordinations and classifications of vegetation data.- Effects of detrending and rescaling on correspondence analysis: solution stability and accuracy.- Finding a common ordination for several data sets by individual differences scaling.- Relationship between horizontal pattern and vertical structure in a chalk grassland.- A new dissimilarity measure and a new optimality criterion in phytosociological classification.- Optimum-transformation of plant species cover-abundance values.- Analysis of the disintegrating group and gradient structure in Swiss riparian forests.- Computerized matching of relevés and association tables, with an application to the British National Vegetation Classification.- On sampling procedures in population and community ecology.- Spatial autocorrelation and sampling design in plant ecology.- On community structure in high alpine grasslands.- The effect of spatial pattern on community dynamics; a comparison of simulated and field data.- Plant community structure, connectance, niche limitation and species guilds within a dune slack grassland.- Species-area curve, life history strategies, and succession: a field test of relationships.- Algal species diversity and dominance along gradients of stress and disturbance in marine environments.- Modelling Mediterranean pasture dynamics.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - One of the most exciting developments in medicine in this century has been the discovery of opioid receptors and their pharmacology. The breadth of know- edge derived from such discovery has truly changed the practice of medicine today. The acceptance by the clinicians of the research data obtained by the basic scientist on spinal opioids is truly amazing. The clinical sequelae of the discovery of opioid receptors has been the development of the technique of intraspinal administration of opioids. In the last decade much has been written about indications, effects, and side effects of intraspinal opioids. The technique has become commonplace for cancer and postoperative pain. However, no standards of care and management of patients with spinally administered opioids have been developed. We need these standards to be developed and universally followed. The monograph was conceived to update clinicians on the applied pharma cology of spinal opioids. We were fortunate to have Drs. N. Rawal and D. Coombs agree to edit this monograph. They have been able to assemble world-renowned experts as contributing authors. It is our hope that the con tents of this book will be stimulating, informative, and useful to the reader. PREFACE Much has been written about the subject of spinal opioid analgesia, includ ing several notable reviews. We were stimulated to assemble this particular volume in this important series on pain management initiated by Dr. Raj for a number of reasons.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Human clustering in coastal areas The coastal zone has gained a solid reputation as a place vocated for recreational activities and this is generally related to the presence of the sea. The relationship, however, does not appear univocal or simple: the sea can be perceived as a hostile element by humans and the more general question of whether the presence of the shore is in itself a favourable, repulsive, or irrelevant factor to settlement is a debatable point, at least for pre-industrial societies. Back in the early part of the 19th century, Friedrich Hegel regarded oceans and rivers as unifying elements rather than dividing ones, thus implying a trend towards the concentration of human settlements along them. 'The sea', he wrote, 'stimulates 1 courage and conquest, as well as profit and plunder', although he realized that this did not equally apply to all maritime peoples. In Hegel's view, different approaches to the sea were mainly the results of cultural factors and, in fact, he recognized that some people living in coastal areas perceive the sea as a dangerous and alien place and the shore as aftnis terrae.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - As a psychologist by education, my interest is in how people solve problems. At the Economic Institute of Leyden Universi ty, I learned that economists study human behavior too, although their studies are limited to economic affairs. At the Institute of Scientific Research on Consumer Affairs became (SWOKA), I aware of the needs of consumer organizations and the government for consumer research to base their policy on. At Erasmus University Rotterdam, I got the opportunity to integrate my interests and knowledge into this book. The first part of the book attempts to integrate psychological theories of attitude, perception, motivation and decision into economics. Both disciplines are concerned with human behavior, and the economic paradigm of demand, subj ect to restrictions, is combined with the psychological tradition of direct measurements of perceptions and motivations. This results in a micro-model of economic choice that can be tested by means of information obtained directly from consumers. The empirical study deals with the problem of scrapping a durable consumption good. By means of a consumer survey, the micro-model of choice is applied to the decision to scrap a durable good, or to repair the good in case of a defect. This individual decision obviously is connected with the large scale problem of waste, and with the manufacturer's problem of producing durable goods with a certain quality and durabili ty.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This study is a companion to the revised edition of W.B.Yeats, The Poems: A New Edition. Professor Finneran outlines the complex problems facing an editor of Yeats's poetry and explains the solutions adopted in the new text. Manuscript materials are drawn on extensively, including some which have recently come to light in the Scribner Archives at the University of Texas and at Princeton University. Compared with the first edition of this volume (Editing Yeats's Poems, 1983), there is an additional chapter - on the order of the poems - as well as new information on the Scribner Edition and other revisions throughout.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The majority of the 'memorable' results of relativistic quantum theory were obtained within the framework of the local quantum field approach. The explanation of the basic principles of the local theory and its mathematical structure has left its mark on all modern activity in this area. Originally, the axiomatic approach arose from attempts to give a mathematical meaning to the quantum field theory of strong interactions (of Yukawa type). The fields in such a theory are realized by operators in Hilbert space with a positive Poincare-invariant scalar product. This 'classical' part of the axiomatic approach attained its modern form as far back as the sixties. \* It has retained its importance even to this day, in spite of the fact that nowadays the main prospects for the description of the electro-weak and strong interactions are in connection with the theory of gauge fields. In fact, from the point of view of the quark model, the theory of strong interactions of Wightman type was obtained by restricting attention to just the 'physical' local operators (such as hadronic fields consisting of ''fundamental'' quark fields) acting in a Hilbert space of physical states. In principle, there are enough such 'physical' fields for a description of hadronic physics, although this means that one must reject the traditional local Lagrangian formalism. (The connection is restored in the approximation of low-energy 'phe nomenological' Lagrangians.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Change of Representation and Inductive Bias One of the most important emerging concerns of machine learning researchers is the dependence of their learning programs on the underlying representations, especially on the languages used to describe hypotheses. The effectiveness of learning algorithms is very sensitive to this choice of language; choosing too large a language permits too many possible hypotheses for a program to consider, precluding effective learning, but choosing too small a language can prohibit a program from being able to find acceptable hypotheses. This dependence is not just a pitfall, however; it is also an opportunity. The work of Saul Amarel over the past two decades has demonstrated the effectiveness of representational shift as a problem-solving technique. An increasing number of machine learning researchers are building programs that learn to alter their language to improve their effectiveness. At the Fourth Machine Learning Workshop held in June, 1987, at the University of California at Irvine, it became clear that the both the machine learning community and the number of topics it addresses had grown so large that the representation issue could not be discussed in sufficient depth. A number of attendees were particularly interested in the related topics of constructive induction, problem reformulation, representation selection, and multiple levels of abstraction. Rob Holte, Larry Rendell, and I decided to hold a workshop in 1988 to discuss these topics. To keep this workshop small, we decided that participation be by invitation only.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This volume represents the proceedings ofthe invited lectures ofthe first International Symposium on 'Serotonin from Cell Biology to Pharmacology and Therapeutics' which was held in Florence on March 29 -Aprill, 1989. This meeting, held under the co-sponsorship of the Serotonin Club and the Fondazione Giovanni Lorenzini, represents the first attempt to bring together scientists fascinated by the complexity of the action of 5-hydroxytryptamine throughout the body and in various species. Hence this volume provides the reader with the unique overview of the sources, effects, receptors, physiological actions and pathological role of Serotonin. As such it will be of interest not only to the person devoting herorhis research efforts to the study of 5-hydroxytryptamine but also to all scholars and even clinicians wanting to know how the powerful monoamine can modulate cellular functions. To accelerate the publication of these proceedings the Editors and the publishers have selected the camera ready format and have avoided a lengthy refereeing process. Hence the scientific content of, and the opinions expressed in the chapters are the sole responsibility of the authors. The Editors Milan and Houston The Editors want to thank Mrs. H. Liepman and her staff at Kluwer for the prompt and efficient handling of the manuscripts.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Volume III/28 is a supplement to volume III/16a+b Ferroelectrics and Related Substances. It also consists of two parts a and b. The present subvolume III/28a contains data on ferroelectric oxides, supplementing III/16a which appeared in 1981. Subvolume III/28b, due in 1990, will cover non-oxides, supplementing III/16b (published in 1982). Reliable data on both pure compounds and solid solutions, published mostly between 1978 and 1986 and some data from the literature up to early 1988 are critically evaluated and included. The dielectric and ferroelectric behaviour, as well as all other properties relevant to the characterization of these substances are presented in tables and figures. About 22,000 references have been surveyed with the aid of a computer. All values are given in SI units. Rapid localization of the required data is facilitated by an alphabetical index of substances and a two-dimensional survey of substances and properties dealt with in both subvolumes III/28a and III/16a.…