Springer aug 1999 (11 Ergebnisse)

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The 1973 military coup gave previously peripheral elements of the right the opportunity to exercise almost unlimited political and economic power. However, with the return to democracy in 1990, the right had to adapt to electoral politics. This book examines whether it is conforming to the rules of the electoral game.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Among the several modes of diagnostic testing for infections, serological (i.e. antibody determination) studies are still heavily used. Serodiagnosis of the Infectious Diseases examines this topic in a contemporary context, and in so doing utilizes serodiagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection as the study model. Major serological methods are reviewed, as is the chronological development of serodiagnosis for this infection. There are many important parallels which are applicable to the serodiagnosis of any infectious disease, and history reminds us of how these commonalities need to be reviewed, whether for existing, emerging or newly discovered infectious diseases. Serodiagnosis of the Infectious Diseases is a valuable introduction for infectious disease specialists, bacteriology experts, diagnostic laboratorians and medical students, and technologists taking the microbiology diagnostic methods course.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Health researchers routinely evaluate health and illness across subgroups defined by their sex, gender, ethnicity, and race. All too often, these classifications are proffered as an explanation for any differences that may be detected, for example, in access to care, frequency of disease, or response to treatment. Relatively few researchers, however, have examined what these classifications mean on a theoretical level or in the context of their own research. Assume, for example, that a researcher concludes from his or her data that African- Americans utilize certain surgical procedures less frequently than whites. This conclusion may mean little without an examination of the various underlying issues. Is there such a construct as race at all How were whites and African-Americans classified as such Does this finding reflect inappropriate overutilization of the specific procedures among whites or inappropriate underutilization among African-Americans To what extent are socioeconomic status and method of payment related to the less frequent use Are there differences in the manner in which health care providers present the various treatment options to whites and to African- Americans that could account for these differences in utilization Are there differences in health care-seeking and health care preferences between the two groups that would explain the difference in utilization Is the racial classification a surrogate measure for another variable that has remained unidentified and unmeasured All too often, unfortunately, such issues are ignored or lightly dismissed with an entreaty for additional research. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - List of Tables List of Figures List of Appendices Preface Notes on Contributors Central-Local Relations: Getting the Right Balance; M.Turner Central-Local Relations and Responsibilities in Bangladesh Experiments with the Organization, Management and Delivery of Services; D.Hulme & N.A.Siddiquee Beyond Integration The Need to Decentralize Central-Regional/Local Relations in Indonesia; R.Gerritsen & S.Situmorang Central-Local Relations in Thailand: Bureaucratic Centralism and Democratization; W.Wongsekiarttirat Philippines: From Centralism to Localism; M.Turner Decentralization in Papua New Guinea: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back; R.J.May Scale and Governance in the South Pacific; P.Larmour Rethinking the Philosophy of Central-Local Relations in Post-Central Planning Vietnam; T.Vasavakul Central-Local Relations in the Lao People's Democratic Republic: Historic Overview, Current Situation and Trends; P.Keuleers and L.Sibounheuang Conclusion: Learning from the Case-Studies; M.Turner Index.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Flexible Incentives for the Adoption of Environmental Technologies in Agriculture identifies and structures more flexible economic incentives for the achievement of environmental goals in agriculture. It provides a conceptual framework and presents case studies that analyze how flexible incentives can address environmental problems that are caused by agricultural production. The book brings together economists, agency personnel and political economists for the purpose of exploring how new cutting-edge economic tools could be developed and applied to environmental problems. The goal of the book is to complement and to expand the economic theory of environmental regulation and technology adoption with new research findings. The key theme of this book is the important role technology takes when addressing environmental problems. New technologies and technical development are broadly defined to include economic instruments, innovative ways to communicate environmental information, new economic institutions, and education. This book is designed for public and private policymakers, government analysts, teachers, researchers and students who specialize in the fields of natural resources, agricultural economics and environmental regulation. It provides a fresh perspective on what types of incentives may be used to lead us to the desired environmental outcomes and offers new ideas about the types of economic instruments that may achieve these outcomes.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Computers have become an essential component of modern biology. They help to manage the vast and increasing amount of biological data and continue to play an integral role in the discovery of new biological relationships. This in silico approach to biology has helped to reshape the modern biological sciences. With the biological revolution now among us, it is imperative that each scientist develop and hone today's bioinformatics skills, if only at a rudimentary level. Bioinformatics Methods and Protocols was conceived as part of the Methods in Molecular Biology series to meet this challenge and to provide the experienced user with useful tips and an up-to-date overview of current developments. It builds upon the foundation that was provided in the two-volume set published in 1994 entitled Computer Analysis of Sequence Data. We divided Bioinformatics Methods and Protocols into five parts, including a thorough survey of the basic sequence analysis software packages that are available at most institutions, as well as the design and implemen- tion of an essential introductory Bioinformatics course. In addition, we included sections describing specialized noncommercial software, databases, and other resources available as part of the World Wide Web and a stimul- ing discussion of some of the computational challenges biologists now face and likely future solutions.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Multimedia is changing the design of database and information retrieval systems. The accumulation of audio, image, and video content is of little use in these systems if the content cannot be retrieved on demand, a critical requirement that has led to the development of new technologies for the analysis and indexing of media data. In turn, these technologies seek to derive information or features from a data type that can facilitate rapid retrieval, efficient compression, and logical presentation of the data. Significant work that has not been addressed, however, is the benefits of analyzing more than one data type simultaneously. Computed Synchronization for Multimedia Applications presents a new framework for the simultaneous analysis of multiple media data objects. The primary benefit of this analysis is computed synchronization, a temporal and spatial alignment of multiple media objects. Computed Synchronization for Multimedia Applications also presents several specific applications and a general structure for the solution of computed synchronization problems. The applications demonstrate the use of this structure. Two applications in particular are described in detail: the alignment of text to speech audio, and the alignment of simultaneous English language translations of ancient texts. Many additional applications are discussed as future uses of the technology. Computed Synchronization for Multimedia Applications is useful to researchers, students, and developers seeking to apply computed synchronization in many fields. It is also suitable as a reference for a graduate-level course in multimedia data retrieval.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Computational Models of Mixed-Initiative Interaction brings together research that spans several disciplines related to artificial intelligence, including natural language processing, information retrieval, machine learning, planning, and computer-aided instruction, to account for the role that mixed initiative plays in the design of intelligent systems. The ten contributions address the single issue of how control of an interaction should be managed when abilities needed to solve a problem are distributed among collaborating agents. Managing control of an interaction among humans and computers to gather and assemble knowledge and expertise is a major challenge that must be met to develop machines that effectively collaborate with humans. This is the first collection to specifically address this issue.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The aim of IFIP Working Group 2.7 (13.4) for User Interface Engineering is to investigate the nature, concepts and construction of user interfaces for software systems. The group's scope is: - developing user interfaces based on knowledge of system and user behaviour; - developing frameworks for reasoning about interactive systems; and - developing engineering models for user interfaces. Every three years, the group holds a 'working conference' on these issues. The conference mixes elements of a regular conference and a workshop. As in a regular conference, the papers describe relatively mature work and are thoroughly reviewed. As in a workshop, the audience is kept small, to enable in-depth discussions. The conference is held over 5-days (instead of the usual 3-days) to allow such discussions. Each paper is discussed after it is presented. A transcript of the discussion is found at the end of each paper in these proceedings, giving important insights about the paper. Each session was assigned a 'notes taker', whose responsibility was to collect/transcribe the questions and answers during the session. After the conference, the original transcripts were distributed (via the Web) to the attendees and modifications that clarified the discussions were accepted. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Investigation of the structure and function of biological molecules through spectroscopic methods is a field rich in revealing, clever techniques and demanding experiments. It is most gratifying to see that the basic concepts are applied to more and more complex systems, making feasible the study of the behaviour of whole systems in relation to molecular disturbances. The analytical potential of spectroscopy and spectroscopic imaging enables species identification of bacteria and tissue recognition. Clear opportunities for in vivo applications become apparent in the medical field. The methods developed in biophysics start to generate spin-off in the direction of biotechnology, where in previous years we have seen this happen for biochemical techniques. New directions are manifest. Tools are being developed to investigate the behaviour of single molecules in interaction with their environment. Individual interactions can now be investigated and individual molecules in complexes can be visualized. Processes that were previously unobservable as a result of ensemble averaging can now be investigated on a single molecule level. Completely new information with regard to molecular behaviour is obtained in this way. The insights amaze us and the prospect that this development will continue is exciting. The 8th European Conference on the Spectroscopy of Biological Molecules is proud to have contributed to the dissemination of these new directions. This proceedings book is an appropriate reflection of the progress obtained so far in the spectroscopy of biological molecules.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book, a selection of the papers presented at the 2nd World Congress for Electricity and Magnetism, provides state of the art information on applications of electricity and electromagnetic fields on living organisms, especially man.