Springer apr 1999 (16 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Ce livre fait une revue de diverses techniques d'analyse des courbes planes, en vue des applications. Après une première partie sur les ensembles de mesure nulle sur la droite, une seconde traite des courbes 'rectifiables' (de longueur finie), et une troisième, la plus importante, des courbes fractales. Pour cette seconde édition, certain chapitres ont été entièrement refondus et deux chapitres nouveaux ajoutés sur le thème des spectres multifractals. Cet ouvrage est destiné aux chercheurs en sciences expérimentales, et comporte un minimum de formalisme mathématique afin de le rendre plus directement accessible. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The articles collected in this volume are based on lectures given at the IMA Workshop, 'Computational Radiology and Imaging: Therapy and Diagnostics', March 17-21, 1997. Introductory articles by the editors have been added. The focus is on inverse problems involving electromagnetic radiation and particle beams, with applications to X-ray tomography, nuclear medicine, near-infrared imaging, microwave imaging, electron microscopy, and radiation therapy planning. Mathematical and computational tools and models which play important roles in this volume include the X-ray transform and other integral transforms, the linear Boltzmann equation and, for near-infrared imaging, its diffusion approximation, iterative methods for large linear and non-linear least-squares problems, iterative methods for linear feasibility problems, and optimization methods. The volume is intended not only for mathematical scientists and engineers working on these and related problems, but also for non-specialists. It contains much introductory expository material, and a large number of references. Many unsolved computational and mathematical problems of substantial practical importance are pointed out.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Used by humans since ancient times, evergreen oak forests still cover extensive mountain areas of the Mediterranean Basin. These broadleaved evergreen forests occupy a transitional zone between the cool-temperate deciduous forest biome and the drier Mediterranean pine forests and shrublands. Slow growing and casting a deep shade, the sclerophyllous holm oak (Quercus ilex) absolutely dominates the closed canopy of many Mediterranean evergreen oak forests. This is a synthesis of 20 years of research on the structure, function, and dynamics of holm oak forests in two intensively studied experimental areas in Spain. By combining observational measurements at the leaf, tree, plot, and catchment scales with field experiments and modelling, the authors explore how these forests cope with strong water limitation and repeated disturbances.Part 1 Introduction 1 Holm oak and Holm Oak Forests: An Introduction J. Terradas 2 Experimental Areas of Prades and Montseny A. Hereter, J.R. Sánchez Part 2 Stand Structure and Dynamics 3 Stand Structure, Aboveground Biomass and Production J.J. Ibàñez, M.J. Lledó, J.R. Sánchez, F. Rodà 4 Structure and Dynamics of the Root System J. Canadell, A. Djema, B. López, F. Lloret, S. Sabaté, D. Siscart, C.A. Gracia 5 Resprouting Dynamics J.M. Espelta, S. Sabaté, J. Retana 6 Acorn Ecology D. Siscart, V. Diego, F. Lloret 7 Seedling Recruitment J. Retana, J.M. Espelta, M. Gracia, M. Riba 8 A Model of Stand Dynamics For Holm Oak--Aleppo Pine Forests M.A. Zavala Part 3 Light Harvesting and Gas Exchange 9 Leaf Traits and Canopy Organization S. Sabaté, A. Sala, C.A. Gracia 10 Gas Exchange and Water Relations R. Savé, C. Castell, J. Terradas 11 Modelling Canopy Gas Exchange During Summer Drought A. Sala 12 GOTILWA: An Integrated Model of Water Dynamics and Forest Growth C.A. Gracia, E. Tello, S. Sabaté, J. Bellot Part 4 Nutrient Cycling at the Stand Level 13 Water and Nutrient Limitations to Primary Production F. Rod, X. Mayor, S. Sabaté, V. Diego 14 Precipitation Chemistry and Air Pollution A. Escarré, A. Carratal, A. Avila, J. Bellot, J. Piñol, M. Millán 15 Throughfall and Stemflow J. Bellot, A. Avila, A. Rodrigo 16 Soil Nitrogen Dynamics I. Serrasolsas, V. Diego, D. Bonilla 17 Soil Water Chemistry N. Melià, J. Bellot, V.R. Vallejo 18 Nutrient Distribution and Cycling A. Escarré, F. Rodà, J. Terradas, X. Mayor Part 5 Hydrology and Biogeochemistry of Catchments 19 Water Balance in Catchments J. Piñol, A. Avila, A. Escarré 20 Element Budgets in Catchments A. Avila, J. Bellot, J. Piñol 21 Biogeochemical Models A. Avila Part 6 Responses to Disturbances 22 Soil Fertility After Fire and Clear-Cutting I. Serrasolsas, V.R. Vallejo 23 Functional Responses to Thinning C.A. Gracia, S. Sabaté, J.M. Martínez, E. Albeza Part 7 Animals in the Forest: Ecology of Two Main Groups 24 Soil Arthropods'The volume comprises 25 chapters and is divided into the following 7 parts: Introduction.- Stand Structure and Dynamics.- Light Harvesting and Gas Exchange.- Nutrient Cycling at the Stand Level.- Hydrology and Biogeochemistry of Catchments.- Responses to Disturbances.- Animals in the Forest: Ecology of Two Main Groups The complete Table of Contents can be found on the internet.'.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Ontologies and Databases brings together in one place important contributions and up-to-date research results in this fast moving area. Ontologies and Databases serves as an excellent reference, providing insight into some of the most challenging research issues in the field.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The Proceedings of the tenth Advanced Study Institute (ASI) on Tech niques and Concepts of High Energy Physics are dedicated to Jane and Bob Wilson. Jane joined Bob at St. Croix for the first session of this Institute, after Bob had stepped down as director of Fermilab, and was scheming to build a modest charm factory in the parking lot of Columbia University's Nevis Laboratory. Through the years, Bob has been a great friend of the School, and much of its success and flavor can be attributed to his guidance and support. The 1998 meeting was held once again at the Hotel on the Cay, and, as before, the work and the fun went on very enjoyably. We had a to tal of 76 participants from 23 countries, with the main financial support for the meeting provided by the Scientific Affairs Division of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). The ASI was co-sponsored by the U. S. Department of Energy, by the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), by the U.S. National Science Foundation, and by the University of Rochester. As in the case of the previous ASIs, the scientific program was designed for advanced graduate students and recent PhD recipients in experimental particle physics. The present volume of lectures should complement and update the material published (by Plenum) for the first nine ASIs and prove to be of value to a wider audience of physicists. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The contents of this book are the proceedings of the ACS symposium, 'Impact of Processing on Food Safety,' which was held April 16-17, 1997, at the American Chemical Society National Meeting in San Francisco, CA. This symposium brought together re searchers from diverse backgrounds in academia, government, and industry. Twenty speakers discussed topics ranging from the regulatory aspects of food processing to the microbiological and chemical changes in food during processing. The main goal of food processing is to improve the microbial safety of food by de stroying pathogenic and spoilage organisms. Food processing can also improve food safety by destroying or eliminating naturally occurring toxins, chemical contaminants, and antinutritive factors. Unfortunately, processing can also cause chemical changes that result in the formation of toxic or antinutritive factors. The purpose of this book is to summarize our knowledge of both the beneficial and deleterious effects of processing. Chapter I con siders the consumer's perceptions about food contaminants and food processing. Chapter 2 summarizes the effects of traditional and nontraditional processing methods on microor ganisms in food. Chapters 3-6 review the effects of processing on lipids (fatty acids and cholesterol) in food. Changes in the nutritive value of vitamins and minerals as a result of processing are discussed in chapter 7. Chapter 8 concentrates on how processing reduces the allergenicity of some foods.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Biotechnology is a rapidly developing sector of the economy for coun tries throughout the world. This rapid development has led to heated debate over its risks and benefits. Advocates of biotechnology point to the potential benefits offered by products that promise to elimi nate disease, provide for more efficient diagnostic techniques, treatments and drugs, yield increased food production, and so forth. Others fear that the rapid developments of this technology have occurred without appropriate consideration having been given to the ethical ramifications, the potential health risks and long-term envi ronmental impacts, implications for income distribution, and potential for abuse. Consumers and producers share concern for the future of biotechnology: the realities and even the perceptions, informed or otherwise. This book is the outcome of a research project on Biotechnology and the Consumer sponsored by the Office of Consumer Affairs of Industry Canada. The project was designed to foster informed public policy on biotechnology and in particular, to contribute to and inform the Canadian government's development of a Canadian Biotechnology Strategy. The Office funded a group of authors to prepare a series of analytical papers on a range of consumer and informational issues related to biotechnology. This project also involved an interim workshop in which the authors presented their papers, and culmi nated in a symposium on Biotechnology and the Consumer Interest, held on September 24-25, 1997, in Ottawa, Canada.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - As a group, carp provide 4 million metric tonnes of fish annually - over a quarter of all fish culture worldwide. For the first time, a book is available in English that concentrates solely on the carp as an economic rather than an ornamental fish with a panel of international experts producing a comprehensive, practical volume about carp production and management. Starting with a brief look at the biology of cyprinids, the book then discusses the methods and management of carp farming, from water quality to the economics of fish production in ponds. Novel methods to improve stock, including genetic engineering, are covered and case studies give added value to the text. As carp farming turns from traditional to intensive methods, farmers, researchers and technicians in industry will welcome this benchmark volume, which also is a valuable reference book for graduate and postgraduate students and lecturers in aquaculture.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Turbulence modeling both addresses a fundamental problem in physics, 'the last great unsolved problem of classical physics,' and has far-reaching importance in the solution of difficult practical problems from aeronautical engineering to dynamic meteorology. However, the growth of supercom puter facilities has recently caused an apparent shift in the focus of tur bulence research from modeling to direct numerical simulation (DNS) and large eddy simulation (LES). This shift in emphasis comes at a time when claims are being made in the world around us that scientific analysis itself will shortly be transformed or replaced by a more powerful 'paradigm' based on massive computations and sophisticated visualization. Although this viewpoint has not lacked ar ticulate and influential advocates, these claims can at best only be judged premature. After all, as one computational researcher lamented, 'the com puter only does what I tell it to do, and not what I want it to do. ' In turbulence research, the initial speculation that computational meth ods would replace not only model-based computations but even experimen tal measurements, have not come close to fulfillment. It is becoming clear that computational methods and model development are equal partners in turbulence research: DNS and LES remain valuable tools for suggesting and validating models, while turbulence models continue to be the preferred tool for practical computations. We believed that a symposium which would reaffirm the practical and scientific importance of turbulence modeling was both necessary and timely. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book describes how the rules of accounting are developed. It provides a new perspective on European accounting, showing how laws, standards, decrees and other regulations evolve, discussing and comparing the institutional settings and the legislative processes within each country. Each chapter has been written by a leading expert on financial accounting in the established countries of the European Union.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - New technology is always evolving and companies must have appropriate security for their business to be able to keep up-to-date with the changes. With the rapid growth in internet and www facilities, database security will always be a key topic in business and in the public sector and has implications for the whole of society. Database Security Volume XII covers issues related to security and privacy of information in a wide range of applications, including: Electronic Commerce Informational Assurances Workflow Privacy Policy Modeling Mediation Information Warfare Defense Multilevel Security Role-based Access Controls Mobile Databases Inference Data Warehouses and Data Mining. This book contains papers and panel discussions from the Twelfth Annual Working Conference on Database Security, organized by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP) and held July 15-17, 1998 in Chalkidiki, Greece. Database Security Volume XII will prove invaluable reading for faculty and advanced students as well as for industrial researchers and practitioners working in the area of database security research and development.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Wavelet and subband transforms have been of great interest in the fields of - gineering and applied mathematics. The theories of these powerful signal p- cessing tools have matured and many applications utilizing them are emerging in different disciplines. This book, comprised of eleven chapter contributions from prominent researchers in the field, focuses on communications and mul- media applications of wavelet and subband transforms. The first six chapters of this book deal with a variety of communications applications that significantly benefit from wavelet and subband theories. S- ilarly, the remaining five chapters present recent advances in multimedia - plications of wavelet and subband transforms. These chapters interconnect the requirements of applications with the underlying theory and their engineering solutions. Hence, the reader can easily trace the entire path from fundamentals to the purpose and merit of application in hand. A combined list of references for the entire volume is given at the end of the text that should be helpful to the interested reader for a further study. This book is anticipated to be of particular interest to engineers and sci- tists who want to learn about state-of-the-art subband and wavelet transform applications as well as their theoretical underpinnings. It can also serve as a supplementary book for graduate level engineering and applied mathematics courses on wavelet and subband transforms. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book contains most, but regrettably not all, the papers that were presented at the Advanced Research Study Institute, ASI, held at the Fantasia Hotel, Kusadasi, Turkey, July 26 - August 8, 1998. A powerful incentive to the development of vortex physics in superconductors, that has began with Abrikosov Vortices in Shubnikov's Mixed State, was realized after the discovery of the high-Tc superconductivity. Indeed, a number of the most intriguing phenomena and states of the flux line lattice are observed in high-Tc superconducting materials due to their high anisotropy, intrinsically layered crys tal structure, extremely small coherence length and the possibility of coexistence of superconducting vortex states with high-energy thermal fluctuation. These pe culiarities are demonstrated as the 2D flux line lattice of point-vortices (pan cakes), Josephson vortices or strings in parallel and/or tilted magnetic fields, flux line lattice melting into vortex liquid and its freezing into vortex 'solid' (e. g. , crystal-or glass-like) state. It is well known, that the main reason for conditioning of the vortex ensemble state and behavior (except the extrinsic factors, such as applied magnetic field or temperature) is a set of intrinsic/extrinsic superconduct ing material properties caused by the crystal nature and symmetry, atoms ar rangement, anisotropy, as well as by the spectrum of crystal defects, their dimen sions, arrangement and density.…

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - To recapitulate, Greeks differ from Independents and from the academy's value priorities, but for the most part these differences derive from antecedent charac teristics. Moreover, there are some grounds for speculating that these anteced ent differences reflect fundamental temperamental differences (extraversion and gregariousness mediated by social interaction, as opposed to interaction through ideas). Only to a limited degree does the Greek 'system' appear to adversely affect the acquisition and assimilation of the academy's value priori ties; i.e., students as a whole, Greek and Independent alike, appear to become more independent, liberal, socially concerned, and culturally sophisticated by graduation. However, the Greek system's effect on the behavior of Greeks is more trou bling, an effect largely mediated by the use and abuse of alcohol and the relative absence of direct institutional supervision. Assuming the retention of the Greek system, then, the promotion of the acad emy's agenda appears dependent on (a) an understanding and accommodation of the personal characteristics of Greeks, using appropriate pedagogical meth ods to advance the academy's educational objectives, and (b) both educational and administrative/regulatory efforts to control the use and abuse of alcohol. With or without the Greek system, the advancement of the academy's agenda involves these considerations, since the characteristics of students as a whole encompass the characteristics emphasized among Greeks.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - A survey of current research on a wide range of carbide, nitride and boride materials, covering the general issues relevant to the development and characterisation of a variety of advanced materials. Topics include structure and electronic properties, modeling, processing, high-temperature chemistry, oxidation and corrosion, mechanical behaviour, manufacturing and applications. The volume complements more specialised books on specific materials as well as more general texts on ceramics or hard materials, presenting a survey of materials research as a key to technological development. After decades of research, the materials are being used in electronics, wear resistant, refractory and other applications, but numerous new applications are possible. Roughly equal numbers of papers cover theoretical and experimental research in the general field of materials science of refractory materials. Audience: Researchers and graduate students in materials science and engineering. …

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book contains the edited version of invited lectures presented at the IUTAM-Sym- sium Synthesis in Bio Solid Mechanics, held at Hotel Frederiksdal, Virum (Copenhagen), Denmark, May 24 to May 27, 1998. The symposium was attended by 48 scientist from 14 countries. Biomechanics has been a very active research area in the last 25 years and covers a very broad class of problems. The present symposium concentrated on the solid mechanics - main of biomechanics, where important problems of synthesis presently are an active and challenging part. Characteristics of biomechanical materials are not only the inhomogeneity and anisotropy, but also the capability to change in relation to actual use. These living materials call for new methods of analysis and also new methods for synthesis. By the synthesis in this context is meant design of implants or artificial control of material growth. Bone mechanics is closely related to recent work on analysis and design of microstructural anisotropic materials. Also, recent work in shape design can to some extent be useful in the more complicated problems of biomechanics. Here interface problems play an essential role. The symposium brought together scientists from mechanics, mathematics and medicine. …