rand corporation apr 2024 (15 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This report is part of a larger RAND Corporation study on the societal foundations of national competitiveness.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The U.S. Navy is evolving toward distributed maritime operations (DMO) in order to mass overwhelming combat power in response to the capabilities of near-peer adversaries in the Western Pacific theater (namely, China). To support the DMO concept, the Navy needs new approaches to logistics and the resupply and sustainment of distributed units. Giving particular attention to the acquisition end of the military supply chain, the authors analyze two commodities--munitions and naval aviation spare parts--and identify specific challenges and constraints the Navy faces: Current supply chains are focused on steady-state demands and near-term readiness concerns. Demand metrics are based on historical analyses of past conflicts that do not match expected demands in a Western Pacific scenario under DMO conditions. Differences in incentives among critical stakeholders also complicate the Navy's ability to source to expected demand levels. A shift in focus to just-in-time logistics and resource conservation makes it difficult to stockpile and invest to meet future readiness. Even if the Navy were to fix its demand forecasting capability, issues of diminishing manufacturing sources, shared production lines, and existing funding mechanisms limit the Navy's ability to surge to meet demand. In light of these challenges, the authors recommend possible mitigation strategies to address demand forecasting, budgetary concerns, and industrial base capacity. Their recommendations emphasize improved operations planning and execution (near-term objective), increasing inventory of repair parts (mid-term goal), and investing in future systems and force design (long-term strategy).

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Under current policies, Army units purchase depot-level reparable parts (DLRs) from the Army Working Capital Fund (AWCF) and receive credits for returning unserviceable DLR carcasses. During fiscal year 2021, Army leaders decided to stop issuing credits to help the AWCF recover from a cash shortage caused by declining sales during the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic. However, units continued to return DLR carcasses to the supply system even though they no longer had a financial incentive to do so. This raised the question of whether the AWCF's price and credit policies could be modified to reduce reliance on credits and the financial uncertainty associated with price changes on back-ordered repair parts. U.S. Army Forces Command (FORSCOM) asked the RAND Arroyo Center to evaluate alternative price and credit policies, including single price, under which units would pay the standard price net of the credit for DLRs, and born-on pricing, which would set the price at the time the unit orders the part instead of updating it when the part is issued. In coordination with the sponsor, the research team developed additional courses of action and a set of evaluation criteria, including effects on unit buying power, financial management workload, DLR demands and returns, financial stability of the AWCF, and Army reserve components and other services. Researchers also examined required approvals, changes to enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems, and changes to budgeting and funds distribution.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The Department of the Air Force is seeking artificial intelligence and machine learning systems for mission areas and support functions. The authors reviewed how private-sector organizations assess such projects and developed a selection framework.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 'Prepared for the Department of the Air Force'.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In this report, the authors estimate the potential demand for assistive technology (AT), given projections of Department of Defense (DoD) civilian employees and service members with disabilities, as well as anticipated requests and costs for AT.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - U.S. policy choices made at the conclusions of past wars have had enduring consequences. Although there is no end in sight to the Russia-Ukraine war at the time of this writing in late 2023, U.S. policymakers should begin considering postwar Russia strategy now. The authors of this report address this issue through an alternative futures analysis. Planning for after the war is complicated by significant uncertainty: Neither the conflict's trajectory nor the international climate at the war's end can be predicted with confidence. Given this uncertainty, the implications of U.S. strategic choices must be explored in different contexts. The authors develop two ideal-type postwar worlds, as defined by the outcome of the war and the character of the broader international environment: a less favorable world and a more favorable world. They also propose two ideal-type options for postwar U.S. strategy toward Russia, a hardline approach and a less hardline approach. Then, they consider how each strategy would play out in each world over the course of the decade after the war ends, yielding four alternative futures. They draw on the history of U.S.-Russia relations and the literatures on rivalries, interstate conflict, and alliances to assess the implications of each future for U.S. interests.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The Department of the Air Force cannot confidently apply artificial intelligence and machine learning systems to human resource management without an analytic framework to evaluate and augment their safety. The authors developed such a framework.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 'RAND NATIONAL DEFENSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE'.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The authors assess school leaders' awareness and perception of Department of Defense youth programs, the ways such programs build connections with communities, and the extent to which these programs help bridge the civilian-military divide.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - 'The United States, according to official U.S. national security statements and an avalanche of commentary since about 2016, is engaged in a long-term strategic rivalry with China and a lesser -- but still critical -- rivalry for influence with Russia. Many U.S. strategy documents refer to the concept of strategic competition, but the core idea -- and increasingly the reality -- of these relationships matches the classic historical concept of a great power rivalry. These rivalries, especially with China, promise to define U.S. foreign policy and national security challenges for decades. Yet most assessments of these rivalries tend to ignore the critical question of outcomes. This report is part of a larger project on the societal sources of national dynamism and competitive advantage. This research aims to identify historical modes of strategic success and failure in great power rivalries that offer lessons for the United States. The authors define categories of success and failure (in terms of such variables as control over territory, relative power, victory or defeat in war, international legitimacy, and social stability) and present detailed case studies on specific historical examples that are associated with success and failure. They also discuss the implications of the typologies of both kinds of outcomes for the rivalry with China.'.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The National Guard Youth ChalleNGe program is a residential, quasi-military program for youth ages 16 to 18 who are experiencing difficulty in traditional high school.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The authors present findings, recommendations, and a prototype framework for deciding which readiness building activities and assignment policies could be employed to prepare U.S. Air Force medical personnel for casualties in time of war.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Using three historical case studies, the authors examine the ability of past decisionmakers to identify adversary thresholds and to apply this information to control escalation during militarized crises between nuclear-armed states.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This report summarizes research on how top-down risk analysis models could help inform the staffing, systems, and strategies for the U.S. Air Force Security Forces. Although existing security planning supports bottom-up, asset-based security planning, such processes do not fully explore the risk trade-offs, nor do they identify opportunities for SF strategies to manage multiple risks simultaneously.