nova science publishers inc mär 2011 (216 Ergebnisse)

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Prebiotic carbohydrates are one of the most interesting and challenging developments in nutrition in recent years because they can be easily included in the diet. There is a strong evidence of the beneficial effect of prebiotics in humans, namely the ability to stimulate the growth of bifidobacteria and lactobacilli, the increase of the short chain fatty acids production that results in a decrease of the blood cholesterol and triglyceride levels and an increase in insulin sensitivity that can prevent inflammatory bowel disease. This book reports a comprehensive study about the potentiality of Supercritical Fluid Technology to replace traditional fractionation and purification steps.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The University, a 13th century medieval educational construct initially developed in France, Italy, and England, but later exported to virtually every part of the globe, has from its inception possessed an integrated international character. The University is still widely regarded as an inherently 'international' institution, drawing together both faculty and students from all parts of the world to gather at a single location to carry on the university's mission of learning and research. This book examines the impact of web-based e-learning on university internationalisation.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The achievement of steady state operation and long pulse is one of the major challenges in the tokamak plasmas. One of the most effective means to sustain tokamak steady state operation is non-inductive current drive (NICD) by lower hybrid (LH) wave. Lower hybrid current drive (LHCD) as an effective NICD tool has been demonstrated in many tokamaks. LHCD is used to modify the plasma current profile to improve the MHD stability, or used in conjunction with ion Bernstein wave (IBW) to achieve high performance discharge. The achievement of high current drive efficiency is of primary importance since it determines the required power that must be recycled to sustain the plasma current. This book discusses the lower-hybrid current drive experiences currently being done in regards to HT-7 tokamaks.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book describes certain fundamentals of laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) and the experimental results obtained from ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectra induced by laser ablation of a graphite target. The characteristics of the spectral emission intensities from the different species have been investigated as functions of the ambient pressure, laser irradiance, delay time and distance from the target. Excitation, vibrational and rotational temperatures, as well as ionisation degree and electron number density for some species were estimated. Time-gated spectroscopic studies have allowed estimation of time-of-flight (TOF) and propagation velocities for various emission species.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Much of the progress in the understanding of the physiology of vitamin D and its role in calcium and phosphorus homeostasis has been made in recent years. Active vitamin D plays a central role in the regulation of calcium by increasing calcium and phosphorus absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, by stimulating osteoclast activity and stimulating calcium absorption in the distal tubule. Progressive kidney disease is associated with a decline in production and impairment of the action of vitamin D, which leads to an inadequate serum calcium control. This book clarifies the components in Vitamin D therapy and other health factors in regard to kidney disease.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book studies the electrical, optical and structural properties of the Be-oped GaInas/AlGaAs multiple quantum-well structures (MQWs) at different doping density in the GaInls well, both designed and fabricated in house. The higher Be-doping density in the wells was found to enhance the compressive strain and increase barrier height of the GaInAs/AlGaAs MQWs through extensive optical characterisation. It caused the shifts of the sub-energy levels in the valence band of the well material and the absorption wavelength resulting from the intersubband absorption. These observations were verified by theoretical calculation based on the six-band Luttinger-Kohn model by taking the Be-doping into account.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - White organic light-emitting devices (WOLED's) are of considerable interest owing to their attractive characteristics and potential application to flat panel display and solid-state lighting source. Currently WOLED's are the new increasing point in the area of organic optoelectronics due to their high power efficiency. After a brief overview of the WOLED's operating principles and basic emitting structure, this book presents a review of recent progress in WOLED's structure and materials.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Intuitive models are self-evident, holistic mental concepts about the world. They are based upon experience in many domains and people are certain and confident to understand them completely. Programmers use them, when they try to understand the semantics of a computer program, explain an algorithmic idea to someone else, check the logical correctness of existing code or create new computer programs. This book focuses on intuitive models (declarative knowledge) applied by programming novices concerning state transitions versus data processing, allocation of activity within a running program, and the assignment of names to entities and function calls.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book discusses the synchronisation in complex networks. At first, the basic concepts of complex networks, including the description of the network, the degree of the node, clustering coefficient, and the average path length are introduced. When the initial states of nodes are near enough to synchronisation manifold, the master stability function method is applied to analyse its local stability. However, when the initial states of nodes are randomly distributed, the Lyapunov function method is used to analyse the global stability of synchronisation manifold. Furthermore, the connection graph stability method is used to investigate the global stability of synchronisation in complex networks with time-varying network topology.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Older adults represent the largest and fastest growing segment of the population and are among those who access the health care system to the greatest extent. These trends call for health care professionals, such as nurses, to be well prepared to care for the specialised and often complex needs of the older adult cohort. This preparation often begins in basic nursing educational programs when nursing students are introduced formally to the care of older adults. However, nursing students do not enter their professional programs unaffected by their socio-cultural context and especially societal attitudes toward ageing and the older adult. This book provides a synthesis and critique of this research to identify what is known, to uncover gaps in knowledge, to make recommendations for practice, and to consider directions for future research.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Both military and civilian components of space technologies are used for modern countries or nations anxious to develop rapidly as well as to structure their identity as autonomous states. This idea recently drew some major powers to think about means of limitations for others, rather than themselves, based on the strategic advantages provided by the mastering of space systems (launchers and satellites), paving the way for a possible weaponisation of space. This book presents and discusses a new international context for space policies. This book also describes the panorama of a new strategic international environment for space.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The public perception of the First Lady has evolved through the years and the press and scholars are beginning to take note of the essential role presidents' wives have played in the Administration and in the nation as a whole. Their participation in the country's historical, philosophical and sociological experience has made them 'First Women' and 'First Partners'. The twentieth century in particular has seen the construction of their image in the media and highlighted the evolution of their political role at the heart of presidential power. This book explores the ambiguity that underlies Nancy Reagan's multiple facets as both an individual and the first lady. It also sheds light on the particularities of one of the most controversial yet exceptional women of the twentieth century and provides a deeper insight into the complex role of the (first) lady they called 'the woman behind the man'.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Plant genetic resources for food and agriculture (PGRFA) serve as the raw material used by plant breeders and farmers to create new crop varieties. As such, they are viewed by many as the foundation for modern agriculture and as essential for achieving global food security. The United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that more than three-quarters of the increased crop productivity of the past 30 years is the result of plant breeding, and that future global food security depends to a large extent on the continued improvement of food crops. This book explores the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture which provides a general framework for conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Edith Roosevelt was one half of one of the most powerful and influential political couples in American history. She proved to be a perfect complement to her husband, Theodore, as her quiet and self-assured nature balanced the exuberance and recklessness of her husband. She was mother to the largest family of children ever to live in the White House and is rated as one of the more efficient and competent First Ladies. Yet, she is also a figure that is cloaked in relative obscurity. After Theodore's death, Edith refused offers to write an autobiography and instead continued to work to promote the memory of her husband and his political legacy. Towards the end of her life, Edith slipped into obscurity and was far overshadowed by her relative, Eleanor Roosevelt. This book provides readers with an overview of both Edith Roosevelt's character and personality and her accomplishments as political wife.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Phytoremediation, which involves the use of plants and rhizospheric organisms for the removal of pollutants, is an emerging technology for the clean up of contaminated sites. The removal of textile dyes mediated by plants has been one of the most neglected areas of phytoremediation research. Dyes, which are primary constituents of the wastes from textile industry effluents, constitute a group of recalcitrant compounds, many of which are known to have toxic and carcinogenic effects. This book focuses on the studies of the mechanisms adopted by plants in the removal of textile dyes and the future scope for research in this area, which will help in broadening the horizons of phytoremediation technologies.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Water vapour is a key in the hydrological cycle and the main driver of atmospheric events. Remote sensing of water vapor using the Global Positioning System (GPS) is essential for weather and climate research. Advances in GPS application has allowed the measurements of ionospheric total electron content (TEC) and perceptible water vapour (PWV) in all weather conditions and on a global scale with fine temporal and spatial resolution. Using TEC as a measure of solar activity and PWV as the terrestrial response, a new approach for determining and quantifying the solar influence on PWV by indirectly correlating the PWV and TEC variations on a time basis is presented in this book.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Most of the research carried out on olive oil has been concerned with its chemical and nutritional characteristics, whereas research focused on microbiological studies have been limited. Among the vegetable oils, olive oil is found to be an effective inducer for the production of lipases from various micro-organisms. The extraction of olive oil generates huge quantities of solid waste and dark liquid effluents. Though these wastes contain considerable amounts of valuable substances like sugars, oils, fibers and polyphenols, they are either wasted or used at low technological and economical levels. Moreover, the presence of polyphenols in the olive press cake inhibits the growth of micro-organisms. This book reviews research and discusses the various industrial applications which rely heavily on olive oil.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book offers information on the President's early education, professional career, military service or political service prior to the presidency. Thomas Jefferson of Virginia was the first president to be inaugurated in Washington, D.C. He wrote two of the most important documents in the history of the U.S.: The Declaration of Independence and the basis for the first amendment to the Constitution, which guarantees freedom of religion and worship. Although he was not a great public speaker, his eloquent and powerful words carried a strong, but silent voice. He was a lover of books and his book collection, (over 6,000 books)helped to start the Library of Congress. He served for forty years in many different aspects.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book presents a revolutionary new theory which provides a solution to some of the major controversies raging in the field of physics, particularly in quantum mechanics. Eight major theories (denoted here by t1 to t8) are compared herein with each other in respect to their plausibility. This book discusses this field in a new light from various scientific and logical angles. Here, a new paradigm is put forward under the new theory (denoted by tk), this theory being itself a part of a larger theory (denoted by TK). It is shown how the theory tk is more appealing and successfully answers many of the important dilemmas that have been present in this field. In a way, it shows how the various existing theories could simultaneously be given meaningful partial justification by TK even though they are seemingly contradictory.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - It is well known that the reduction of nanocrytal size can result in the important modification of their properties in comparison with bulk materials because of the surface effect and size effect. Moreover, because Eu3+ ions are hypersensitive to the local microstructures, they can be used as fluorescent probes to search the local environment around Eu3+ ions. Thus, Eu3+ doped nanomaterials exhibit unique luminescent properties, which are different from the micrometer hosts. This book discusses the recent developments of photoluminescent properties of Eu3+ in different hosts.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Japan is a large market for fruits and its consumers spend $10 billion per year (wholesale value) on fresh and preserved fruits. The United States, the second-largest foreign supplier of fruits to Japan, sent about $450 million in fruit exports to Japan in 2009, 10 percent of total U.S. fruit exports. Japanese government policies regarding this large market affect U.S. fruit exports and offer a point of comparison for other developed countries. Consumption of traditionally important fruits, such as citrus fruits and apples, has been declining and expenditures on fruits for consumption at home have decreased. This book examines Japan's policies that protect and regulate its agricultural markets. Japan's policies affect existing trade patterns and are relevant to the current round of global trade negotiations conducted by the World Trade Organization (WTO).

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Maintenance is essential in all kinds of machinery. In order to prevent long-term breakdown or catastrophic failure, faults should be detected at their incipient stage. Bearing faults are the most frequent cause of failures of machinery. Most of the faults occurring in bearings will introduce impact-like vibration signals when bearings are rotating. Such impacts behave like damped oscillations and can be detected using accelerometers. This book introduces an automatic, effective but simpler-to-use system for bearing fault diagnosis so that the industry can use its equipment without the need of hiring experts.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Atrazine, a non-persistent pesticide, belongs to a triazine herbicide group of pesticides and is derived from the s-triazine structure - a six member heterocyclic with symmetrically located nitrogen atoms that are substituted at the 2, 4, 6 -- positions. This book describes the physical and chemical properties, toxicity, herbicide action and need for routine monitoring. Also discussed herein is an overview of sensors (with special emphasis on electrochemical sensors) for pesticides in general and atrazine in particular. The concept of molecular imprinting science and technology (MIS&T) is introduced with reference to pesticide monitoring.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book provides evidence of vitamin C supplementation in the treatment and prevention of important human diseases, such as pre-eclampsia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, diabetes, among others. In addition, although this antioxidant vitamin is well tolerated, related studies are included which detail its side effects, such as kidney stones formation, diarrhoea and indigestion. The underlying mechanisms accounting for these undesirable effects remain to be determined, whereas the prevailing viewpoints consider vitamin C as a safety supplement.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The world-wide conversion of forest land to commercial and residential use is increasingly affecting the ability of ecosystems to provide basic services to humankind. Conversion of forest land affects both private and public forest ownerships. Predicted increases in population growth over the coming decades are expected to result in steadily increasing fragmentation of currently cohesive forest lands. This development can potentially reduce the goods and services derived from both publicly and privately owned forests. This book uses the ecosystem service conceptual framework as a basis for understanding the ecological effects of forest-land conversion, and as a basis for understanding the economic issues that arise in designing policies to conserve forest ecosystems.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Language-specific as well as culture-specific factors are observed to play a decisive role in User Specifications for spoken Human--Computer Interaction (HCI) systems. This book determines and defines a finite set of re-usable, transferable and language independent specifications for prosodic modelling used as general parameters for the Speech Component in Human--Computer Interaction (HCI) Systems and, specifically, in Service-Oriented Dialog Systems, constituting an application field of HCI, usually directed to the General Public as a user group. Factors related to special applications such as emotion recognition, and/or special user groups, such as children or handicapped users, are not included in the present analysis.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - A qualitative study was conducted to investigate gender role conflict among female rugby players. The purpose of this study was to uncover gender role messages that female rugby players receive and to explore the degree to which they reported and experienced gender role conflict, as women participating in a traditionally masculine sport. Female rugby players were solicited from non-college rugby teams in the north-east and mid-Atlantic United States. Participants reported that they received conflicting expectations for their behaviour with respect to several aspects of the feminine gender role and the role of athlete. This book presents the findings of this study in relation to gender role expectations and conflicts of female rugby players.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This book contains anatomical and technical information on aspects of endoscopy of the lumbar subarachnoid space, which was named thecaloscopy. For a surgeon it is important to equip all the knowledge and technological advantages for making diagnosis and treatment of patients. Minimally invasive spinal surgery has been well developed in the last few decades. This book suggests the use of flexible endoscopes to approach the content of the thecal sac in order to scrutinise and cure pathological conditions that originate from this anatomical region and cannot be diagnosed by other means.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Lanthanum has been used as a tracer to study tight junctions in epithelia by transmission electron microscopy. The key function of the tight junction complex (TJC) is to limit the paracellular permeability by forming a selectively permeable barrier between the apical and basolateral compartment of the extracellular space. Impaired regulation of the TJC causes a variety of diseases, such as auto-immune diseases, cancer development, infections, allergies and asthma. The advantage of lanthanum as an opaque probe is its small ionic radius (0.11 nm), compared to alternative methods, such as radioactive isotope techniques using extracellular tracers and light microscopy techniques with larger polar molecules. This book presents a variety of biomedical applications of lanthanum.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The issue of the interpretations of Japan's wars is not totally a matter of the past; it is related to the present. Conservatives firmly believe that China uses the issue of history to divide Japanese public opinions so that Japan cannot adopt more active foreign and defence policy. Due to the negative interpretations of Japan's war, Japan still does not admit her state right of collective self-defence. Without it she cannot participate in any military operations under the aegis of the United Nation or an international coalition such as the 2003 Iraqi War. This book discusses Japanese conservative views on foreign policy.