Dissertation com dez 2000 (11 Ergebnisse)
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This thesis is divided into 4 chapters summarizing this contribution on selected topics related to chlorophyll biosynthesis and biogenesis of the photosynthetic apparatus. The first chapter deals with the state of Pchlide in nonilluminated leaves. The comparison of the photoactive Pchlide abs…orbance spectra throughout the development in the dark, reveals that the proportion of P638-645 and P650-657 is not much modified during this period. The Gaussian deconvolutions of 77 K fluorescence spectra of nonphotoactive and photoactive Pchlide indicated the presence of three and 5 spectral forms, respectively. None of the nonphotoactive Pchlide forms is accumulated during the dark-growth. In constrast, photoactive Pchlide P650-657 is particularly accumulated. In the second chapter, we describe the photoreduction of Pchlide to Chlide. We conclude that the mechanism of photoreduction is independent on the leaf developmental stage. Using 77 K fluorescence spectroscopy, the Chlide spectral forms corresponding to the three photoactive Pchlides were identified. In leaves with proplastids, C670-675 is mainly formed whereas in leaves with etioplasts C684-696 is produced. During the 1st hour of greening, the newly formed Chlide molecules are not protected by carotenoids. The evidence for the involvement of a photocycle involving two spectral forms of Chlide in protection of newly formed Chlide is presented. In the third chapter, a method for the isolation of photoactive Pchlide yielding complexes characterized by spectral properties similar to those found in intact leaves is described. In the fourth chapter, it is explained that the different fates of the first products of the photoreduction, described in the 2nd chapter, influence the greening process. In fact, C684-696 is only produced in small amounts in plants with proplastids. Therefore the increase of the photosynthetic activity of these leaves is delayed. Nevertheless, during the first 8 h of greening, a weak photosynthetic activity is detected in these leaves. Fluorescence measurements reveal that a large part of the Chl remains nonintegrated to the photosystems. In young leaves, rapid Chl integration into the photosynthetic units occurs when both carotenoids and Chl are massively synthesized.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Chapter One, 'Religion and Nationalism in Early Kamakura Society' introduces the issues that affected the nation in the early Kamakura period. The first section points out the historical background of the time that was considered to be a spiritually significant age according to Buddhist chron…ology. The next section on the 'Religious Answers to National Problems' provides a prelude to how the indigenous religious tradition of Shinto attempted to define its leaders and their right to rule as well as the divine protection that was to be given them by the native deities. The imported Buddhist teachings provided a new perspective to the national problems through an examination of existing conditions as possibly being consequences of immoral acts. The various characteristics of the teachings of the most prominent Buddhist leaders of the early Kamakura period are introduced in the next section of 'Buddhism: Kamakura's Five Reformers.' In the following four sections ('Honen,' 'Eisai,' 'Shinran,' and 'Dogen'), a few specifics on the differences and similarities of the nationalistic perspectives of the first four Buddhist reformers are examined. Chapter Two, 'Nichiren,' looks at the particulars in the fifth reformer's life that can help to clarify his approach toward providing a viable solution for the nation's problems. This is done by examining his life as being the product of 'A Buddhist-Shinto Fusion.' In this chapter I argue that Nichiren's upbringing and lifelong exposure to the indigenous tradition of Shinto (which emphasized the divine nature of Japan) provided an ethno-spiritual nationalistic element to his Buddhist teaching (which stressed complete faith in his interpretation of the message and meaning of the Lotus Sutra).Chapter Three surveys the 'Nationalism in Nichiren's Writings' by examining the methodology that Nichiren used in propagating his teachings. One of his principles for conversion was shakubuku, which he supported by referring to scripture. His political aspirations through the use of religion are examined in the next section. Nichiren's affirmation of Shinto is presented in a comparison and contrast of his Budddhist teachings to his Shinto activities. Finally, I conclude with some reflection on how Nichiren was primarily a Shinto influenced nationalist who supported his views with Buddhist teaching and how this imported religion (Buddhism) was made Japanese by its interdigitation with Shinto.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Funding private projects in emerging markets - in a safely manner - requires a thorough evaluation and analysis of several aspects that are constituent to the project itself, to the specific country where it is located, and to the project owners. The author has studied the functioning of Fina…ncial Markets in developing countries for several years, compared them to International Financial Markets, and has come to the conclusion that the contributions made in the past do not cover all the information required in order to judge and secure the viability of projects in these countries.By developing a model and researching its components breakdown, the author has attempted to fulfill all the requirements necessary to accomplish this purpose.The methodology used was basically a result of a detailed research throughout years of experience, to verify and analyze documentation related to different types of projects recommended for funding located in several developing countries. The collected data during the verification process of each project have been significant to their outcome and have assisted me for the development of the model presented in this Dissertation.In addition, related studies by professionals in the field (Bankers, Economists, Financial Analysts, etc.) have been examined and partially incorporated in this Dissertation in order to make a significant paralell to the components of the model.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In November 1998, the author arrived in Mascarilla, a small village in Ecuador's predominantly-black Chota Valley, to begin a six-month teaching assignment at the Escuela 'Hernando Tquez' (the local primary school). Based both on his own observations and on the assessments offered by various…former students, parents, community leaders, and Ecuadorean scholars, the author judges the educational performance of the Escuela 'Hernando Tquez' to be grossly inadequate. Indeed, the various shortcomings attributed to the school (and documented as a case study in chapters three and four of this book) are so glaring that the author was led to question how such a dysfunctional school could be allowed to exist in a country where the government states that 'to improve education is to improve the quality of life of Ecuador's people.' Ultimately, the school's failure to provide quality education to its students forced the author to reconsider the true purpose of public education. Indeed, why does the state provide public education It is generally assumed that the state builds and supports public schools because it believes in the potential of education to affect great changes in society. Specifically, most government officials contend that public school systems are designed with two primary goals: to contribute to the state's socio-economic development through the creation of 'human capital,' and to preserve and promote national unity and democratic values. Reflecting on the poor performance of the Escuela 'Hernando Tquez,' the author (in chapter five) asks whether there might be a hidden agenda regarding the state's role in public education. Perhaps the state's rhetoric regarding the potential socio-economic and political benefits of public education is used to obscure the public school system's true purpose. Perhaps the state (acting as the representative of society's dominant classes) provides public education in order to control oppressed groups, to ensure that they do not challenge the status quo. Perhaps the state provides public education solely in order to ensure the social reproduction of injustice and inequality.The final chapter considers the relationship between education and development, observing how the prevailing development-as-economic-development definition has often led to increased inequality and injustice. Proposing a new understanding of development based on humanist ideals, the author explores how public schools such as the Escuela 'Hernando Tquez' could be transformed from the control mechanisms that they are, into the instruments of social justice that they could be.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - In examining the work of three 'ethnic' writers (Nakagami Kenji is Japanese burakumin, Leslie Marmon Silko Native American, Salman Rushdie an Indian living in England), this project studies the literary depictions of the ways in which the body is portrayed and used as a space for cultural and… ideological inscription. The major issues addressed involve gender, race, and ethnicity as forces which become visible through the socially constructed body. In the works of Nakagami Kenji, Salman Rushdie, and Leslie Marmon Silko, bodies cry out the silence to overwhelm the torturer. They all share a concern with the loss of land which induces migration, a weakened sense of identity, and hybridity. Each author uses the body of his/her protagonist as the site to inscribe the consequences of such loss, along with the criticisms against the dominant system and ideology of society. In each case, an emerging discourse of the body forges the power of the margins to resist and subvert any claims of hegemonic control.The section on Kenji's novel Wings of the Sun includes an investigation of the burakumin, its historical and cultural origin, and how it is excluded from the structure of Japanese society, before moving to an examination of Kenji's texts create a space for the burakumin within the 'Body Without Organs' of advanced capitalism. The chapter on Rushdie's Shame shows how the novel uses the bodies of its protagonists as allegories of the violence and conflict within multi-ethnic, post-colonial Pakistan. The analysis of Silko's Ceremony involves the conflict between Native-American and Euro-American cultures in their varying treatments of the body.Much has been written in the last decade about literary representations of the body. This work has stressed that the body is a conceptual category produced by specific discursive operations that can be analyzed and described. Emphasis on the discursive construction of the body facilitates our understanding of the human condition represented in literature or in other cultural products, and in the case of these three authors posits the body as the site of alternative 'logics' for dealing with the realities of post-colonial situations.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This study had two primary purposes. First, this study assessed the psychometric properties of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) questionnaires used to record juvenile firesetting events (Fineman, 1997a, 1997b,1997c). Second, this study initiated preliminary analyses that (1) con…tributed to the identification of a typology of firesetters, (2) account for variance in the severity of fires set by juveniles, and (3) predicted the likelihood of recidivistic behaviors in juvenile firesetters. Predictors were restricted to a limited set of exploratory variables; including age, sex, delinquency, pathology, and social skills. However, individual characteristics (delinquency, social skills, and psychopathology) were better predictors of recidivism, the magnitude of fire damage and the typology of firesetter.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This dissertation examines the sociological process of conflict resolution and consensus building in South Florida Everglades Ecosystem Restoration through what I define as a Network Management Coordinative Interstitial Group (NetMIG). The process of conflict resolution can be summarized as t…he participation of interested and affected parties (stakeholders) in a forum of negotiation. I study the case of the Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida (GCSSF) that was established to reduce social conflict. Such conflict originated from environmental disputes about the Everglades and was manifested in the form of gridlock among regulatory (government) agencies, Indian tribes, as well as agricultural, environmental conservationist and urban development interests. The purpose of the participatory forum is to reduce conflicts of interest and to achieve consensus, with the ultimate goal of restoration of the original Everglades ecosystem, while cultivating the economic and cultural bases of the communities in the area. Further, the forum aims to formulate consensus through envisioning a common sustainable community by providing means to achieve a balance between human and natural systems.Data were gathered using participant observation and document analysis techniques to conduct a theoretically based analysis of the role of the Network Management Coordinative Interstitial Group (NetMIG). I use conflict resolution theory, environmental conflict theory, stakeholder analysis, systems theory, differentiation and social change theory, and strategic management and planning theory.The purpose of this study is to substantiate the role of the Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida (GCSSF) as a consortium of organizations in an effort to resolve conflict rather than an ethnographic study of this organization. Environmental restoration of the Everglades is a vehicle for recognizing the significance of a Network Management Coordinative Interstitial Group (NetMIG), namely the Governor's Commission for a Sustainable South Florida (GCSSF), as a structural mechanism for stakeholder participation in the process of social conflict resolution through the creation of new cultural paradigms for a sustainable community.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of clarifying students' misperceptions regarding their peers' consumption of alcohol and feelings of comfort in drinking situations. Quantitative and qualitative approaches were used to determine if providing students with information would…impact on their perceptions. A posttest-only control-group experimental design was employed to investigate the efficacy of clarifying students' misperceptions. The experimental group was provided with information gleaned from the literature regarding students' misperceptions. Participants were administered a questionnaire developed for this study to determine: (a) their drinking habits (i. e., frequency and quantity), (b) how comfortable they feel in drinking situations, (c) their perceptions regarding their peers' drinking habits, and (d) their perceptions regarding how comfortable their peers feel in drinking situations.The findings included: (a) students overestimated the alcohol consumed by their peers; (b) students inaccurately believed that their peers are more comfortable in drinking situations than they are themselves; and (c) information appears to have clarified female students' misperceptions associated with feelings of comfort in drinking situations. A theory grounded in reality (Corbin.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - This dissertation argues that conduct and behavior were believed essential for determining one's post-mortem fate from the earliest periods of both ancient Egypt and ancient Greece.Part one of this four-part study examines Plato's eschatological myths and provides a complete catalog and brief… discussion of all references in them to conduct and behavior that affect one's fate in the afterlife.Part two traces the evolution of the concept of the afterlife from Homer to the Dramatists, also cataloging all references to the afterlife that mention conduct and behavior.This part of the study demonstrates that the concept of reward and retribution in an afterlife, based on conduct in this life, is already found in Homer. However, it is in Pythagorean and Orphics circles of Greater Greece that it reaches its most dramatic development and from that milieu provides such an enormous impact on Plato. The third part deals with the connection between conduct and the afterlife in ancient Egypt up to the time of the Book of the Dead. An extensive catalog of Egyptian virtues and vices that have afterlife consequences is compiled from the religious texts of the 5th to 18th Dynasty.In part four, the relationship between conduct and behavior and the afterlife beliefs of the two societies are compared and contrasted.In the earliest periods, the afterlife texts appear to be concerned only with the elite: the king in Egyptian 5th Dynasty Pyramid Texts and the heroes in Homeric and Hesiodic Greece. This study argues that there is some evidence in the early texts of both societies for a belief that commoners could also be rewarded or punished in an afterlife. In later periods both societies' religious texts dealing with the afterlife exhibit a much more developed democratization.As post-mortem beliefs became more democratic, conduct and behavior grew in importance. However, from the earliest time periods, both societies believe that the gods, primarily Maat in Egypt and Dike in Greece, are responsible for the proper ordering of the cosmos and that violations of that order will call down the most dire consequence -- the loss of a beneficent afterlife.
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - (Complete work in Spanish) The doctoral thesis contributes to some related Management Control areas such us Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) and the informal components of Control Systems. The objective of the research was to analyse how this process of business concentration may impact on the…Management Control System of the acquired firm. For this purpose an alternative theoretical model have been developed from the review of Management Control literature and M&A in Management Accounting. This model builds on contingency theoretical insights and extends it with elements of informal control.To test the prepositions a single ethnographic in-depth case study was carried out. It was conducted in a Spanish subsidiary of an English chemical group during 31 months. The main findings of this research are related to the role of (1) both non-formal and formal mechanisms and, specially, (2) top management within this process of organizational change. Besides, it should be highlighted that one of the more interesting studied issues in our case was the analysis of the Spanish versus Anglo-Saxon Management styles.
