Quantenmechanik von born (20 Ergebnisse)

PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000.

PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000.

HRD. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000.

HRD. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000.

Zustand: New. In English.

Hardcover. Zustand: Gut. 434 S. Elementare Quantenmechanik (Zweiter Band der Vorlesungen über Atommechanik) (= Struktur der Materie in Einzeldarstellungen, Band IX). Ehemaliges Bibliotheksexemplar mit Stempel und Rückensignatur (ZP 22). Leichte bis moderate Gebrauchsspuren, guter Zustand. atx Sprache: Deutsch Gewicht in Gramm: 762.…

Softcover. Zustand: Wie neu. Broschur, 434 Seiten.

Softcover. Zustand: gut. Elementare Quantenmechanik Zweiter Band der Vorlesungen über Atommechanik In deutscher Sprache. pages.

Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. Lex8vo. In "Die Naturwissenschaften", 15. jahrgang, 1927. Entire volume offered bound in contemporary half calf with gilt lettering to spine. Minor wear to upper capitals, otherwise a fine and clean copy. [Einstein:] Pp. 273-76" [Born:] Pp. 238-42 [Planck:] Pp. 529-31 [Sommerfeld:] Pp. 825-32 [Frisch:] Pp. 321-326 pp. 963-968. [Entire volume: XXV,(1),1000,16 pp.]. First edition of all papers. The Einstein paper is his contribution to the Anniversary volume of Newton's death. Frisch received the Nobel Prize for his works on animal psychology and behaviour in 1975.Weil No 158. - Planck: Akademie No. 165 - K. v.…

First edition. The Birth of Modern Quantum Mechanics. First edition, extremely rare offprints, of Born and Jordan's explication of Heisenberg's quantum mechanics - in their joint paper On Quantum Mechanics, which introduced matrix mechanics to the world - and the more detailed sequel with Heisenberg himself, the famous "three-man paper," which was the first comprehensive exposition of quantum mechanics in matrix language. Quantum mechanics first emerged in Heisenberg's 'Uber quantentheoretische Umdeutung kinematischer und mechanischer Beziehungen' ['Quantum-theoretical reinterpretation of kinematic and mechanical relations'], published on 18 September 1925. In that paper, "Heisenberg (1901-76) points out that on the atomic level the orbits of electrons and their period of revolution are not measurable but that theory should be based only on quantities that can, at least in principle, be experimentally observed. He went on to replace the usual position x of a point-like particle by an 'ensemble of quantities' xmn and proposed a rule for the multiplication of such ensembles . After Pauli's approval Heisenberg gave the paper to Born (1882-1970). He asked him to study it and, in case he agreed, to forward it to a journal for publication . Only some days later Born studied the paper. He was impressed, sent the paper off for publication and began to think about more formal aspects of Heisenberg's approach. The multiplication rule Heisenberg had used for his ensembles seemed vaguely familiar to him and then he realized that this was the rule of matrix multiplication. The ensembles could be taken as matrices which were well studied by mathematicians. It was well known that, in general, matrix multiplication is not commutative, i.e., the result of a product depends on the order in which the factors are written. For the matrices x of position and p of momentum, this means that the elements of the matrix px are not necessarily equal to those of the matrix xp. Born conjectured that the commutator px ? xp was equal to (h/i) times the unit matrix 1 although he could show that property only for the diagonal elements of the commutator. For the general proof he asked the help of Jordan (1902-80) who found it within two days . Born and Jordan began to work out quantum mechanics in matrix notation on the basis of Heisenberg's ideas. Born . left the actual writing of their paper On Quantum Mechanics to Jordan. Heisenberg, Jordan, and Born now began a collaboration - mostly by correspondence - in which they worked out a comprehensive exposition of quantum mechanics. Their publication, On Quantum Mechanics II, is usually referred to as the 'three-men paper' (Drei-Männer-Arbeit). It contains the fundamental assumptions of the theory, i.e., the reinterpretation of physical quantities as matrices with their special multiplication laws or 'commutation relations', and Hamilton's equations written down for these quantities . Moreover, it presents a systematic way for the solution of these equations, and there is a discussion of perturbation theory and of several examples. The three men were together in Göttingen for only about two weeks before Born, who had written the mathematical part, departed for the United States and left the final editing to Heisenberg and Jordan, both twenty-three years old at the time. The paper was completed in mid-November. Its last section carries the title 'Coupled Harmonic Oscillators. Statistics of Wave Fields'. It was written by Jordan alone and practically no notice was taken of it at that time. Now it is recognized as the first description of the electromagnetic field in terms of quantum mechanics and thus as the very first step towards quantum electrodynamics" (Brandt, pp. 155-157). RBH lists only the Plotnick copies (Christie's NY, 2002). "Even those intimately familiar with matrix mechanics as we now understand it will find Heisenberg's 1925 paper daunting. But happily this obscurity is much less true of the article by Born and Jord.…

Zustand: Very Good. First Edition. 1925-26. First edition. Three extremely influential papers marking the theoretical foundation for modern quantum mechanics and defining the discipline: "Uber quantentheorestische Umdeutung kinematischer und mechanischer Beziehungen" by Werner Heisenberg; "Zur Quantenmechanik" by Max Born and Pasqual Jordan; and "Zur Quantenmechanik II" by Born, Heisenberg and Jordan. In Zeitschrift fur Physik, Vols. 33, total pp.879-950 (Heisenberg paper pp. 879-893); Vol. 34, total pp. 795-953, lean to spine; (Born, Jordan paper 858-888); Vol. 35, total pages pp. 557-722; (Born, Heisenberg, Jordan pp 557-615). In publisher's original wrappers with new spines, ink stamp to top right of front wrappers, minor creasing and soiling to wraps. Heisenberg received the Nobel Prize for physics in 1932 for his establishment of quantum mechanics.…

Zustand: Near Fine. First Edition. First edition. Four papers by Max Born, "Uber Quantenmechnik" (On Quantum Mechanics), extracted from Zeitschrift für Physik, Band 26, No. 6, pp. 379-395. Bound without wraps, though with title page. Verso of title page with pasted labels from Band 37, 38, 40, corresponding to the other three papers by Born in the volume being offered, plus a label with the ink ownership stamp of the German Physicist Otto Weiner, (1862-1927). Wiener is known for the experimental proof of standing light waves. In 1890 he succeeded in determining the wavelength of light. [Bound with] "Zur Quantenmechanik der Stossvorgange" (Quantem Mechanics of Collision), extracted from Zeitschrift fur Physik 37, pp.863-867, 1926. [And] "Quantenmechanik der Stossvorgange", extracted from Zeitschrift fur Physik 38, pp.803-827, 1926. [And] "Das Adiabatenprinzip in der Quantenmechanik" (The Adiabatic Principle in Quantum Mechanics), extracted from Zeitschrift fur Physik 40, pp.167-192, 1926. Finely bound in marbled boards with leather spine lettered in gilt. Near Fine with toning to pages. Four major papers by Born, who won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 1954. …

Braunschweig, Friedrich Vierweg & Sohn; Berlin, J. Springer, 1924. 8vo (22.8 x 15.4 cm). 17 pp. Original printed wrappers. = First use, description, and definition of the term "quantum mechanics", the mathematical description of quantum physics, "a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles. Classical physics, the physics existing before quantum mechanics, describes nature at ordinary (macroscopic) scale. Most theories in classical physics can be derived from quantum mechanics as an approximation valid at large (macroscopic) scale.Quantum mechanics differs from classical physics in that energy, momentum, angular momentum and other quantities of a bound system are restricted to discrete values (quantization); objects have characteristics of both particles and waves (wave-particle duality); and there are limits to the precision with which quantities can be measured (uncertainty principle)" (Wikipedia, after Feynman et al., The Feynman Lectures on Physics). Written by the German-born (from 1939 on British) physicist and Nobel Prize winner Max Born (1882-1970). Contained in the famous Zeitschrift für Physik, volume 26(6), pp. 379-395. The complete issue, in its original wrappers. Original issues are much rarer than (dis)bound volumes. Some very slight marginal fraying and minimal spotting at fore edge of front wrapper. A fine, clean copy.…

Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926. 8vo. In two contemporary half cloth bindings (not uniform). Gilt lettering to spine. In: "Zeitschrift für Physik", Bd. 37 & 38, 1926. Entire volumes offered. Vol. 38: Spine partly detached and with library stamp to free front and back end paper. Both volumes with a bit of soiling to extremities. Internally fine and clean. First edition of these landmark papers in which Born formulated the now-standard interpretation of the Probability Interpretation of the Wave Function or Probability Density Function for psi*psi in the Schrödinger equation, for which he was awarded the Nobel Prize in 1954. It is considered to be one of the fundamental statements of modern physics and made Einstein famously state in a letter to Born in 1926: "Quantum mechanics is certainly imposing. But an inner voice tells me that it is not yet the real thing. The theory says a lot, but does not really bring us any closer to the secret of the 'old one'. I, at any rate, am convinced that He [god] is not playing at dice."Very soon after publication of Erwin Schrödinger's works on wave mechanics. Born recognized -despite Heisenherg's and Pauli's objections to its basic conceptions - that the new theory was acceptable from a mathematical point of view" and he used Schrödinger's method of treating atomic scattering processes. Applied to a standard scattering problem with known interaction-the scattering of a particle in an external field -the quantum theory permitted an exact calculation only in principle" except in special cases the basic differential equations could not be solved. With "Quantenme-chanik der Stossvorgänge" (1926) Born elaborated the basis of the "Born approximation method" for carrying out the actual computations" the method has since grown steadily in importance. Born?s works found worldwide recognition, and gifted young researchers flocked to work under him. The "Born school" at Göttingen was its important to the flowering of theoretical physics as the school of Bohr at Copenhagen and of Arnold Sommerfeld at Munich." (DSB)."Born may not have realized at once the profundity of his contribution, which helped bring the quantum revolution to an end". (Pais, Inward Bound).…

Berlin, Julius Springer, 1926-27. 8vo. Bound in one nice hcalf with gilt borders and gilt lettering to spine. All three papers published in "Zeitschrift für Physik". 1. Title-page for volume 37, pp. 863-67. - 2. Title-page for volume 38, pp. 803-27. - 3. Title-page for volume 40, pp.167-192. Title-pages with stamp. Clean and fine. First editions of all three papers, which together constitute Born's main contributions to Quantum Mechanics, for which he received the Nobel Prize in physics in 1954. In his famous series of papers on wave mechanics Schrödinger stated his equation describing the behavior of the wave function. However, Schrödinger did not himself arrive at a proper physical interpretation of the wave function itself - this is due to Born. Just a few days after Schrödinger's fourth and final paper was published, Born successfully interpreted the wave function as probability amplitude. His relatively brief paper (the first offered here) was originally meant to be published in the weekly magazine "Die Naturwissenschaften" but due to lack of space in this journal it was forwarded to the 'Zeitschrift'. The next paper offered, with the same title, is an elaboration of the first. In the third paper Born used the adiabatic principle to further support his statistical interpretation of quantum mechanics. …

(22,5 x 14,5 cm). VIII, 954 S. Mit 305 Abbildungen. Leinwandband der Zeit. Erste Ausgabe der berühmten "Dreimännerarbeit" von Born, Jordan und dem 1925 von einem Studienaufenthalt bei Niels Bohr zurückgekehrten Heisenberg. - "The recently published theoretical approach of Heisenberg is here developed into a systematic theory of quantum mechanics. with the aid of mathematical matrix methods. After a brief survey of the latter, the mechanical equations of motion are derived from a variational principle and it is shown that using Heisenberg's quantum condition, the principle of energy conservation and Bohr's frequency condition follow from the mechanical equations. Using the anharmonic oscillator as example, the question of uniqueness of the solution and of the significance of the phases of the partial vibrations is raised. The paper concludes with an attempt to incorporate electromagnetic field laws into the new theory." (Van der Waerden). - Einband leicht bestoßen, sonst sauber und wohlerhalten. - DSB 17, 448 (Jordan) und 15, 39 (Born); PMM 417c; Van der Waerden, Sources of quantum mechanics S. 277 und S. 321.…

(23 x 15,5 cm). VII, 929 S./ VII, 950 S./ VIII, 911 S. Mit 620 Abbildungen und 6 Tafeln, davon 2 in Original-Photographie. Halbleinwandbände der Zeit. Zu I und II: Erste Ausgaben dieser wegweisenden Arbeiten. - Born wendet die Wellenmechanik auf die atomaren Streuvorgänge an und zeigt, "dass die Wellenmechanik und die 'Göttinger Matrizenmechanik' mathematisch identisch waren. Er interpretiert die Amplitude der Schrödinger'schen Wellenfunktion als ein Maß für die Wahrscheinlichkeit, ein Quantenobjekt an einem Punkt anzutreffen, und entwickelte ein Näherungsverfahren zur statistischen Behandlung atomarer Stoßvorgänge. Über ein einzelnes Teilchen ließen sich nunmehr nur statistische Aussagen machen. Der Determinismus als Grundprinzip der klassischen Physik hatte damit seine absolute Gültigkeit verloren" (Nobelpreise). Born erhält dafür 1954 den Nobelpreis für Physik. - Zu III: Erste Ausgabe. - Als Beweis für die Richtigkeit seiner neu entwickelten statistischen Behandlung der Quantenmechanik formuliert und beweist er mit ihrer Hilfe das Ehrenfestsche Adiabatenprinzip. - Vorsätze und Titel gestempelt. Einbände minimal berieben. Insgesamt sauber und wohlerhalten. - DSB 15, 42.…

(23 x 15 cm). VII, 929 S./ VII, 950 S. Mit 419 Abbildungen und 6 Tafeln, davon 2 in Original-Photographie. Moderne Halbleinwandbände im Stil der Zeit. Erste Ausgabe dieser bedeutenden Arbeit, in der Born die nach ihm benannte Wahrscheinlichkeitsinterpretation und die statistische Deutung der Quantentheorie entwickelt, für die er 1954 den Nobelpreis für Physik erhält. - "Very soon after publication of Erwin Schrödinger's works on wave mechanics, Born recognized - despite Heisenberg's and Pauli's objections to its basic conceptions - that the new theory was acceptable from a mathematical point of view; and he used Schrödinger's method of treating atomic scattering processes. Applied to a standard scattering problem with known interaction - the scattering of a particle in an external field - the quantum theory permitted an exact calculation only in principle; except in special cases the basic differential equations could not be solved. With 'Quantenmechanik der Stossvorgänge' (1926) Born elaborated the basis of the 'Born approximation method' for carrying out the actual computations; the method has since grown steadily in importance" (DSB). - Sehr sauber und wohlerhalten. - DSB 15, 39.…

Berlin, Julius Springer, 1927. 4to. Contemp. hcloth. Spine a bit worn. "Die Naturwissenschaften. Hrsg. von Arnold Berliner. 15. jahrgang" XXIV,1000 pp. Einstein paper: pp. 273-276 and 1 portrait of Newton. - Born Paper: pp. 238-242. - Planck paper: 529-531. - Sommerfeld paper 825-832 - von Frisch papers: pp. 321-326 and pp. 963-968. The whole volume offered. All papers in first edition. The Einstein paper is his contribution to the Anniversary volume of Newton's death. - Weil No 158. - Planck: Akademie No. 165 - K. v. Frisch received the Nobel Prize for his works on animal psychology and behaviour in 1975.…

Berlin, Julius Springer, 1925-26. Bound in 4 nearly uniform contemp. hcloth. Edges a little rubbed. Stamp on title-pages. In "Zeitschrift für Physik. Hrsg. von Karl Scheel", Vols 33,34,35 and 36. VII,950"VII,953VIII,954"VII,951 pp. The offered papers: pp. 879-893 (vol.33), pp. 858-888 (vol.34), pp.557-615 (vol.35) and pp.336-363 (vol. 36). Internally fine and clean. First printings of these four absolutely fundamental papers, which together MARK THE TURNING POINT IN THE FABRICATION OF A NEW PHYSICS, Quantum Mechanics, also called "Matrix Mechanics"."In May 1925, Heisenberg took on a new and difficult problem, the calculation of the line intensities of the hydrogen spectrum. Just as he had done with Kramers and Bohr, Heisenberg began with a Fourier analysis of the electron orbits. When the hydrogen orbit proved too difficult, he turned to the anharmonic oscillator. With a new multiplication rule relating the amplitudes and frequencies of the Fourier components to observed quantities, Heisenberg succeeded in quantizing the equations of motion for this system in close analogy with the classical equations of motion.in June Heisenberg returned to Göttingen, where he drafted his fundamental paper [the first paper offered], which he completed in July. In this paper Heisenberg proclaimed that the quantum mechanics of atoms should contain only relations between experimentally observable quantities. The resulting formalism served as the starting point for the new quantum mechanics, based, as Heisenberg's multiplication rule implied, on the manipulation of ordered sets of data forming a mathematical matrix.Born and his assistant, Pascual Jordan, quickly developed the mathematical content of Heisenberg's work into a consistent theory with the help of abstract matrix algebra [the second paper offered].Their work, in collaboration with Heisenberg, culminated in their "three-man paper" ["Dreimännerarbeit" - the third paper offered] that served as the foundation of matrix mechanics. Confident of the correctness of the new theory, Heisenberg, Pauli, Born, Dirac, and others began applying the difficult mathematical formalism to the solution of lingering problems." (DSB).In the last paper offered, the Pauli-paper, he shows that the hydrogen spectrum can be derived from the new theory. His starting-point constitutes, due to Lez, a method for integrating the classical equations of motion of a particle in a Coulomb field. Pauli's paper was received on January 17, 1926, but the main result must have been obtained before November 3, 1925, for on that date, Heisenberg writes Pauli: ".Ich brauche Ihnen wohl nicht zu schreiben, wie sehr ich mich über die neue Theorie des Wasserstoffs freue." Pauli's paper convinced most physicists that Quantum Mechanics is correct. (Van der Waerden). …