Czech proverbs (11 Ergebnisse)

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Czech proverbs in your pocket --- Two very rare Bohemian collections of proverbs with an overview and analysis of Czech comedies and verses. With an exception of one incomplete copy of Adagia Bohemica from the Austrian National Library, we could locate no copies of either work outside the Czech Republic; no copies of Moralia Catonis at auctions, and just one of Adagia Bohemica (sold in 1992). A fine copy, from the consecutive collections of a Flemish nobleman, a Scottish writer and politician, a Russian-born American first-class spy, and a Hollywood star. In 1582, Jakub Srnec of Varvaov (1520-86) published "the first collection of Czech proverbs" Dicteria seu proverbia Bohemica (Vaculinova, our translation here and elsewhere). Inspired by Erasmus' Adagiorum chiliades, Srnec originally compiled this work as a teaching aid for his private school; it included quotes from ancient classics, the Bible, medieval anonymous proverbs, and early modern authors. Its primary aim was to demonstrate that Czech proverbs could "rival not only those in Latin and Greek but also those in other modern languages", which had already been extensively published. "Unlike some Lutheran educational collections of proverbs, Srnec's work sought not only to enlighten but also to entertain, making learning more enjoyable for students" (Vaculínová). Dicteria was reissued without significant changes in 1599. With vernacular explanations and expanded with 100 new proverbs "[Srnec's] excellent book was republished by Frantiek Ond ej Horný, an educator in the noble house of Thun" (Hanus) and Horny's P ísloví eská, Aneb Adagia Bohemica is therefore listed in some bibliographies as the third edition of Srnec's collection (Babor). Its changes however are so substantial that it can be considered a separate work. Little is known about Horný, its compiler, (also Franciscus Andreas Horny, active in the late 17th to early 18th century), and he does not appear to have published any other work. Vaculínová describes the book as an "adaptation of Dicteria", in which Horný rearranged the collection and "added about 100 new [proverbs]" (Hanus). The new title also suggests a broader scope: the proverbs from the collection "even today flourish in daily use among the highest and lowest, magnates and commoners, throughout Bohemia, Moravia, and partly also through Silesia, Lusatia, and Hungary." Horný's edition can be regarded as a Czech compendium of proverbs with brief Latin references, whereas the two earlier editions were primarily collections of Latin proverbs with Latin explanations and brief Czech equivalents. In Horný's edition, all explanations are in Czech. "The Latin quotations [. are] supplemented in some places by quotations from 'benign' authors such as Caesar. The names of early modern humanists, mostly non-Catholics [as well as German], cited by Srnec are, of course, absent" (Vaculínová). Horný arranged the proverbs alphabetically and numbered them, totalling 584 proverbs along with 27 additional ones, followed by a few pages of extra expressions. The edition is adorned with an engraved coat of arms of the House of Thun. Ancient wisdom for the modern Czech - with Czech theatrical and poetical theory and poetry Bound here with Horny's P ísloví eská, Moralia Catonis is a collection of proverbial wisdom and moral teachings attributed to an unknown author, identified in Czech bibliographies as Dionysius Cato (active in the 3rd or 4th century). Offering lessons on moral and practical life alongside exercises in grammar and poetics, the text was widely popular across medieval Europe and served as a Latin textbook under the title Catonis Disticha. Geoffrey Chaucer references the work in The Canterbury Tales when describing an uncivilised character: "He knew nat Catoun, for his wit was rude." A Czech translation of this Latin text was made in the 1620s by "the father of modern education", John Amos Comenius (also Jan Amos Komenský, 1592-1670), and published in Amsterdam in 1662, but "no copy has survived" (Czech Union Catalogue). The present edition of Comenius' translation mentions the year 1672 in the title. The text however contains references to Grammatica linguae Boëmicae (1704) by Václav Jandit (pp. 83-84). At the same time, "this translation was already mentioned in the second edition of Grammatica (1705), suggesting it was published between 1704 and 1705", likely by Konias as well (Czech Union Catalogue). The Czech National Library's copy is, in fact, bound together with Grammatica (1705). "We consider this book to be independent, but given its thematic similarities, shared sources and interests, and the same compilation style, it can be attributed to the same creator [Václav Jandit] or at least to someone from his circle" (Czech Union Catalogue, Havránek, Kral). Moralia Catonis continues here with "rules according to which Czech comedies are now composed in the Czech language", as noted in the dedication, as well as some guidance on composing and performing plays, a brief explanation of the theory of rhyme, a short history of Czech poetry, poetic translations of Roman and Christian verses, excerpts from plays and epigrams, and examples of "various Czech dialects" (Kral). Fine provenances This volume was part of several prominent collections: it seemingly belonged to François Xavier de Borluut de Noortdonck (17711857), one of the foremost book collectors in the Low Countries during the 19th century, before entering the vast collection of the Scottish writer and politician Sir William Stirling-Maxwell (181878), whose family owned the Keir House estate from the 15th to the 20th century. "Between 1849 and 1852 he commissioned a young London architect, Alfred Jenoure, to carry out alterations to Keir House. The ambitious scheme transformed the neo-classical pile into an idiosyncratic expression of Stirling's tastes and interests. At the centre was his magnificent two-storey library, lined in cedar, with specially designed.…