Philosophy without footnotes: knowledge & science (6 Ergebnisse)

PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000.

PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000.

PAP. Zustand: New. New Book. Shipped from UK. Established seller since 2000.

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - What happens when inherited authority is no longer allowed to answer, 'Because it always has' The Enlightenment Mind explores the ideas that transformed debates about knowledge, religion, government, freedom, morality, and human nature. From Descartes, Hobbes, Locke, and Spinoza to Hume, Voltaire, Rousseau, Smith, Wollstonecraft, Condorcet, and Kant, the book follows the arguments that challenged tradition and helped redefine the modern world. It examines skepticism, natural rights, religious toleration, the social contract, separation of powers, moral sentiment, commerce, progress, education, and public reason. It also confronts the Enlightenment's less comfortable contradictions: thinkers defended liberty while living amid slavery, empire, hierarchy, and the political exclusion of women. Universal principles were announced with confidence, then applied with remarkable selectivity. The Enlightenment Mind is a story of philosophers demanding reasons from authority-and discovering that once questioning begins, it becomes very difficult to control. …

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - What does it really mean to know something We rely on perception, memory, reason, testimony, experts, institutions, search engines, and artificial intelligence. Yet each can mislead us. Certainty is rare, disagreement is unavoidable, and even a true belief may owe more to luck than to sound judgment. \*Epistemology and the Shape of Truth\* explores the central questions of the philosophy of knowledge. What separates knowledge from belief How much evidence is enough Can we know something while admitting that we might be wrong What should we do when experts disagree, institutions fail, or persuasive explanations connect the wrong dots Drawing on thinkers including Aristotle, René Descartes, David Hume, Charles Sanders Peirce, William James, Ernest Sosa, Linda Zagzebski, Miranda Fricker, and many others, the book examines perception, memory, skepticism, testimony, justification, intellectual character, social knowledge, misinformation, and the ethics of belief. Classic problems such as the Gettier cases, the skeptical dream, the brain in a vat, the regress of reasons, and peer disagreement are placed alongside contemporary questions about expertise, algorithms, social media, and artificial intelligence.…

Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Neuware - Science is supposed to be the reliable one. It observes the facts, tests its theories, corrects its errors, and moves steadily toward the truth-at least according to the version found in school textbooks, institutional press releases, and speeches delivered shortly before the evidence becomes complicated. The Restless Philosophy of Science explores what really happens when theories change, experiments fail, experts disagree, and evidence supports more than one explanation. Through famous disputes and scientific revolutions-from phlogiston and planetary motion to evolution, medical evidence, continental drift, replication, and manufactured doubt-the book examines how scientific knowledge is actually made. Why do scientists preserve theories that appear to have been falsified Can observations ever be neutral What makes one explanation better than another Is scientific consensus trustworthy Do social values corrupt objectivity, or help make it possible And if successful theories have repeatedly been replaced, why should we believe the theories accepted today Written with clarity and without unnecessary ceremony, the book introduces the central ideas of Karl Popper, Thomas Kuhn, Imre Lakatos, Paul Feyerabend, and other major thinkers without turning the discussion into a procession of important surnames. Abstract questions are grounded in historical cases, contemporary controversies, and the inconvenient details that simplified accounts of 'the scientific method' tend to misplace.…