9789401086318 - vegetation dynamics in temperate lowland primeval forests: ecological studies in białowieza forest (geobotany, band 8) von falinski, j.b. b. (2 Ergebnisse)
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Taschenbuch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - I. Aim and Premisses.- I.1. Introduction, aim and subject.- I.2. Theoretical basis.- 2.1. Ecosystem theory and Bia owie a Forest studies.- 2.2. Vegetation dynamics as an ecological process.- I.3. Study area. Methodical basis. Material.- 3.1. Object.-… 3.2. Organisation and methods.- 3.3. Nomenclature, abbreviations.- II. The Area ¿ Basic Data about Bia owie a Forest.- II. 1. General features.- 1.1. The vegetation.- 1.2. Topography.- 1.3. Physico-geographical situation.- II.2. Biogeography.- II.3. History.- II.4. Climate.- II.5. Geology.- II.6. Terrain formation and relief.- II.7. Hydrology.- III. Geobotany.- III.1. The flora.- 1.1. Statistics and general characteristic of the flora.- 1.2. Participation of trees, shrubs and undershrubs.- 1.3. Geographical characteristic of the flora.- 1.4. The flora of the Bia owie a Forest against the background of that of the adjacent areas.- III.2. Forest building trees and tree stands.- 2.1. Habit, age and dimensions of Bia owie a Forest trees.- 2.2. Review of tree species.- 2.2.1.The spruce (Picea abies).- 2.2.2. Scotch pine (Pinus sylvestris).- 2.2.3. The fir (Abies alba) and the yew (Taxus baccata).- 2.2.4. Oaks (Quercus petraea and Quercus robur).- 2.2.5. The linden (Tilia cordata), maple (Acer platanoides) and hornbeam (Carpinus betulus).- 2.2.6. The elms (Ulmus glabra, U. minor, U. laevis).- 2.2.7. The ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and alder (Alnus glutinosa).- 2.2.8. The aspen (Populus tremula) and birches (Betula pendula, B. pubescens, B. carpatica).- 2.2.9. The willows (Salix sp. div.).- 2.3. Structure of the forest stands.- 2.4. Age and origin of forest stands.- 2.5. Stand growth increment.- 2.6. Popular names of the forest types.- III.3. Forest vegetation.- 3.1. Deciduous forests (class: Querco-Fagetea).- 3.1.1. General characteristics.- 3.1.2. Mesophilous deciduous oak-linden-hornbeam forest (Tilio-Carpinetum).- 3.1.3. Streamside alder-ash forest (Circaeo-Alnetum) and riverside ash-elm forest (Ficario-Ulmetum).- 3.1.4. Thermophilous oak forest (Potentillo albae-Quercetum).- 3.2. Coniferous forests (class: Vaccinio Piceetea).- 3.2.1. General characteristics.- 3.2.2. Meso-oligotrophic mixed forest (Pino-Quercetum).- 3.2.3. Spruce forest (Querco-Piceetum and Sphagno-Piceetum).- 3.2.4. Fresh pine forest (Peucedano-Pinetum) and other pine forests on mineral habitats.- 3.2.5. Bog pine forest (Vaccinio uliginosi-Pinetum) and forest raised bog (Sphagnetum medio-rubelli pinetosum).- 3.3. Bog forest and bush (class: Alnetea glutinosae).- 3.3.1. General characteristics.- 3.3.2. Black alder bog forest (Carici elongatae-Alnetum).- 3.3.3. Willow bog bush (Salicetum pentandro-cinereae).- 3.3.4. Low birch bush (Salici-Betuletum humilis).- 3.3.5. Bog oak forest (Carici elongatae-Quercetum).- 3.4. Flood-plain alluvial willow forests and bush (class: Salicetea purpureae).- III.4. Natural and anthropogenic non-forest vegetation.- 4.1. General remarks.- 4.2. Water plant communities (Lemnetea, Potametea).- 4.3. Ephemeral silt communities (Bidention, Chenopodion fluviatile, Nanocyperion).- 4.4. Forest edge herbaceous communities (Alliarion, Geranion sanguinei).- 4.5. Reed swamp communities (Phragmitetea).- 4.6. Communities of meadows and pastures.- 4.7. Clearing communities.- 4.8. Plant communities of forest roads (Plantaginetea).- 4.9. Trampling-resistant communities from dirt roads, squares and yards in settlements (Plantaginetea).- 4.10. Ruderal communities along railway tracks (Sisymbrion, Onopordion).- 4.11. Ruderal communities in settlements (Eu-Arction, Sisymbrion, Onopordion).- 4.12. Weed communities in garden and field crops.- 4.13.Pioneering vegetation in artificial pits.- IV. Major Natural Factors Differentiating the Forest Environment and Landscape.- IV.1. General introduction.- IV.2. Soils in relation to forest vegetation differentiation.- 2.1. Soil-forming factors.- 2.2. Soil water types and the water balance.- 2.3. Morphological-genetic soil types.- 2.4. Relation between soil type and the vegetation.- IV.3. Ground frost and snow cover as ecoclimatic factors.- 3.1. Introduction. Material.- 3.2. Spring and autumn ground frost.- 3.3. The snow cover.- 3.4. The nature of ground freezing.- 3.5. Modifications of forest vegetation under the influence of some ecoclimatic factors.- IV.4. The transition zone (ecotone) and its synchorological and syndynamic aspects.- 4.1. Introduction.- 4.2. Methodical basis.- 4.3. Frequency of contacts between forest communities.- 4.4. Width of the transition zone and sharp outline of boundaries.- 4.5. Nature of floristic-phytosociological changes in the transition zone.- 4.6. Factors associated with spatial vegetation changes.- 4.7. Seasonal vegetation dynamics in the transition zone.- 4.8. Recapitulation.- IV.5. Uprooting of trees (tree saltation).- 5.1. Introduction.- 5.2. Characteristic of the phenomenon.- 5.3. Balance of wood volume from windfall and snag.- 5.4. Problems of permanence of tree stands.- 5.5. Windfall and deadfall as factors in the transformation of the forest biotope.- 5.6. Uprooting of trees as a factor initiating succession towards bog ecosystems.- 5.7. Uprooting of trees as a factor shaping the edges of raised bog.- 5.8. Recapitulation.- IV.6. Impact of herbivorous animals on vegetation structure and dynamics.- 6.1. Introduction.- 6.2. Herbivorous mammal species and their influence on vegetation.- 6.2.1. Historical data.- 6.2.2. The European bison (Bison bonasus).- 6.2.3. Red deer (Cervus elaphus) and roedeer (Capreolus capreolus).- 6.2.4. The wild boar (Sus scrofa).- 6.2.5. Rodents (Rodentia).- 6.3. Discussion: Selected aspects of the impact of herbivores on the vegetation.- 6.3.1. Seasonal variability of the activity of herbivores.- 6.3.2. Influence of browsing on the habitus of woody species.- 6.3.3. Influence of extent and way of woody food obtention on the structure and dynamics of the vegetation.- 6.3.4. Food preferences of herbivorous animals and th.
