Isbn: 9783031386183 - use and misuse of the united states census: the role of data in the incarceration of japanese americans during world war ii (3 Ergebnisse)

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Hardcover. Zustand: Brand New. 230 pages. 9.25x6.25x0.75 inches. In Stock.

Buch. Zustand: Neu. Druck auf Anfrage Neuware - Printed after ordering - The U.S. government conducts a population census every 10 years, adds up the counts bygeographic location, and uses the resulting numbers in formulas to allocate seats in theHouse of Representative and Electoral College, and to make public funding and taxdecisions. It has served as an essential tool of representative democracy since 1790. The raw data from the census also serve as a decennial snapshot of the nation, a very long list, organized by household, ideally of all people resident on census day, with additional information on the name, age, race, sex, geographic location, and other characteristics for each individual.Americans recognized early in their history that the raw data, the list, could serve additional governmental functions, and over the centuries, erected guardrails to prevent improper use.They are encapsulated in the presidential proclamations announcing the upcoming census.The information collected from individual households is for aggregated use only, and cannot be used for the 'taxation, regulation, or investigation' of individual persons or businesses.Americans have heeded the call to 'stand up and be counted.' They also engage in an ongoing conversation to make sure that the information is used properly and ethically, that the census serves as a tool of representative democracy and advances the rights - including human rights -- of all Americans. The record, however, reveals that there have been failures to meet this goal and that as a result the information provided by the responding public sometimes has been misused, causing considerable harm to vulnerable individuals, groups and entities.Today, as governments and social media are suspect for their exploitation of data aboutindividuals, the experience of Americans of Japanese ancestry in the United States duringWorld War II provides a chilling example of such misuse of census data. This book revealshow census officials stepped beyond their normal roles as unobtrusive monitors of Americandemographic life and helped justify and administer the relocation and incarceration program.Census officials mobilized the substantial administrative and technical resources of the 1940census, to map the neighbourhoods where Japanese-Americans lived, and planned theirsystematic removal. The officials then built 'census-like' data systems to track the 'evacuees' for the duration of the war, monitor their lives in the camps, and certify which 'loyal' evacuees might be released from the camps for military or civilian service. After the war, census officials drafted an official history of their activities, but did not publish it.This book has lessons for policy makers and ordinary Americans alike, as we confront thenew digital world in which we live. And it speaks to two of the great issues of our time:distrust in the institutions ofgovernment and the victimization of minorities.…