subways (6 Ergebnisse)

CD-Hülle. Zustand: Gut. Versand im Luftpolsterumschlag! CD/DVD-Hülle etwas berieben, Disc ist in einem guten Zustand; Case shows some wear, disc in good condition. H250123cdh23 ISBN: 825646952717 Sprache: Englisch Gewicht in Gramm: 101.

48 pp. 1 vols. 8vo. First edition. First edition. 48 pp. 1 vols. 8vo. Orange printed wrappers. Fine, fold at center.

Audio-CD. Zustand: Neu. Neuware.

Audio-CD. Zustand: Neu. Neuware.

Good. Three volumes bound in yellow linen with black stamped titling. Some soiling and staining to Several of the foldout maps exhibit minor closed tears. Size 15.75 x 25 Inches. This is an unprecedented and comprehensive 1909 Milton J. Foreman 3-volume feasibility study on the construction of several new subway lines in Chicago. This exhaustive and overwhelming report, enclosed in three massive volumes, contains dozens of maps, charts, and diagrams detailing every factor to be considered in estimating the feasibility, cost, and benefit of both new subway lines and a high-pressure fire deterrent water system for Chicago. Historical Context By 1906, Chicago's downtown public transit system was slowly being overwhelmed. Street-level street cars vied with pedestrians, the increasingly popular automobile, and remnant horse-drawn traffic, culminating in gridlock-level congestion. This, experts projected, would only get worse as populations increased and interurban transit networks brought more and more day commuters from the outlying suburban regions. Milton J. Foreman, then a city Alderman, advocated for the construction of several new subway lines comparable to those already operating in New York, Boston, and San Francisco. As early as 1902, Foreman wrote, ' a system of subways for street cars, at least in the congested districts, is essential if Chicago is to have good, comfortable, and rapid transportation.' ( Chicago Daily Tribune , August 4, 1902) The city council followed his advice, establishing a 'Committee on Local Transportation', headed by Foreman himself. Through 1908, Foreman and his team compiled the exhaustive study, leaving no stone unturned. This study, offered here, was published in 1909. Two years later, in 1911, Foreman presented a 75-page recommendation for a 'Comprehensive Passenger Subway System for the City of Chicago'. In it, Foreman, describes this study, information regarding foundations, underground utilities, occupancy of sub-sidewalk space, character of soils, and other difficulties which would be encountered in the construction of subways in the present business district, has been compiled, but it has not been thought best to go to the expense of preparing full detailed construction plans for the various subways discussed until it has been definitely decided by the city just what part of the subway system will first be built. It has, however, been necessary to prepare many general and detailed plans in order to reach the conclusions submitted herewith . Foreman's plans for new subway lines in Chicago were derailed by the outbreak of World War I (1914 - 1918). Foreman himself returned to military service, becoming a highly decorated officer in three countries. After the war, efforts to resuscitate the plan were repeatedly sidelined. It was not until 1939 that the Public Works Administration facilitated construction on 9 miles of rapid transit subways in Chicago, mostly following Foreman's recommendations. Outline and Contents. Volume 1: General Elements (23 maps, 6 fold-out charts, and numerous technical illustrations including station schematics and engineering diagrams) This introductory volume outlines the scope, objectives, and foundational methodologies of the study. A comparative evaluation of established subway systems in major U.S. cities, notably New York and Boston, accompanied by supporting cartographic materials. An analytical overview of Chicago's demographic trends and existing public transportation infrastructure, featuring detailed charts and forecasts of projected ridership by transit line. This section also introduces the municipal water system, which would be significantly affected by new subway construction. A technical examination of subsurface conditions in Chicago, including soil composition, street construction techniques, and the structural foundations of existing buildings. Volume 2: Public Service Utilities (29 maps and extensive technical diagrams) This volume presents a.

Very good. Two manuscript diagrams on paper, a third one surveyor's linen. 'No More Subways' map measures 18 x 17 in. 'Eliminate Subways' measures 13 x 25.5 in. 'Untitled Diagram' measures 19.5 x 17.75 in. Size 18 x 17 Inches. These are the original 1927-1931 manuscript illustrations for T. Kennard Thomson's No More Subways initiative, intended to solve New York City's out-of-control traffic congestion. In line with the car-centric ideologies of Robert Moses (1888 - 1981), Thomson's plan called for the replacement of subways with segregated tiered roads, railroad tracks, and highways along New York's major avenues. No More Subways In the early 20th century, Manhattan faced many of the same challenges as today - limited space, soaring real estate values, overpopulation, and gridlock traffic congestion. Kennard Thomson believed that engineering would come to the rescue. His solutions, including tiered avenues (here) and massive landfills (NewManhattan-kennardthomson-1930), were novel and futuristic but in no way the crackpot fantasies of a maverick visionary. Kennard Thomson was a highly respected engineer, having pioneered innovations in pneumatic caissons, worked on countless major urban infrastructure projects, and spoke regularly at the American Society of Civil Engineers. His solutions for New York's traffic problems, Real Rapid Transit , was published in the Port of New York, Harbor and Marine Review (Vol. 6, January 1927), MANHATTAN'S traffic facilities have failed completely to meet its traffic needs. At vast expense new subways are being built and planned whose completion will find traffic jams practically unchanged from present intolerable conditions. Subways fail utterly to meet our growing passenger traffic needs and will continue to fail. For Manhattan already they are archaic. Yet their cost is a fearful and growing drain upon New York's resources impoverishing the whole Greater City without remedying appreciably our acute need of adequate passenger transportation facilities. A revolution in surface facilities also is needed to provide adequately for the ever-growing pedestrian and vehicular traffic, now so dense as constantly to menace and too frequently destroy human life, while threatening a vehicular deadlock on the long stretches of our busiest avenues. 'As for the Subways,' Dr. Thomson wrote, 'they should never have been built. They cost so much and take so long to build - that no matter how many we build we shall never have enough.' A Closer Look The proposal consists of three mansucript schematics. Two dating to 1927, and a third from 1931. The two primary maps, drawn in pencil and inked over on paper, offer transverse sections showing the proposed tiered road and rail system. Kennard Thomson planned the levels to encompass the full width of the avenues, using buildings on either side as partial supports. The system would have effectively segregated pedestrians from commercial and private traffic, as well as from local and express trains (not, mind you, Subways). These schematics also illustrate access points from nearby ground-level avenues and his method of integrating shopfronts. The third plan, compiled several years later in 1931, is a manuscript on surveyor's linen, with pastedown labels. The schematic expands on Kennard's system and hints at his futuristic plans for New York. Note the tall central building, measuring a whopping 2000 feet in height, some 500 feet taller than the Empire State Building (1450 ft), completed in the same year this schematic was drawn (April 11, 1931). It also includes more detail regarding sewers and electrical lines, and adds a new 'auto speedway' level. Publication History and Census These are Kennard Thomson's original manuscript plans. The primary image, 'No More Subways,' was published in Port of New York, Harbor, and Marine Review (Vol. 6, January 1927). The first two images, on paper, were drawn in 1927. The third image, while representing the same plan, was drawn i.