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Kartoniert / Broschiert. Zustand: New. KlappentextZetetic Astronomy is a classic 1881 volume on Flat Earth theory that gives a fascinating introduction to zetetic astronomy and the work of Samuel Birley Rowbotham. What if the Earth isn t a globe like we ve been told? What i.

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Paris, Bachelier, 1838 a. 1840. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 7, No 19 and Tome 10, No 17/18. Pp. (769-) 803 a. pp. (671-) 717. (Entire issues offered). Bessel's papers: pp. 785-793 a. pp. 703-710. Some scattered brownspots. First appearance of a milestone paper in astronomy, giving the solution of the great problem of distances in the universe which had baffled astronomers ever since the time of Copernicus, announcing the FIRST SUCCESSFUL DISPLACEMENT OR PARALLAX OF A FIXED STAR and hence deducing the FIRST RELIABLE DISTANCE OF THE EARTH TO A FIXED STAR. The parallax observed corresponded to ab. 600.000 times that of the earth from the sun. On these grounds Bessel calculated the distance to about 11 light years, and this was confirmed by fresh investigations by Bessel in 1839-40 (the second paper offered). In 1842-43 it was also confirmed by C.A.F. Peters at Pulkowa. It is the first published instance of the fathom-line thrown into celestial space.Bessel communicated his observations in Comptes Rendus, in a letter to Humboldt (the offered paper dated Nov. 5, 1838), in "Monthly Notices" in letter to J. Herschel, and in "Astronomische Nachrichten" Vol. 16, No 365-66 (pp. 65-96), 1838), where a more detail account was published.Ther paper "Bestimmung der Entfernung des 61sten Stern des Schwans" in "Astronomische Nachrichten" is dated at the end: Altona 1838, Dec. 13.Bessel's investigation was hailed by John Herschel when Bessel was awarded the R.A.S. gold medal "The greatest and most glorious triumph which practical astronomy has ever witnessed". "For determining the parallax of 61 Cygni, Bessel selected two comparison stars of magnitude 9-10 at distances of roughly eight and twelve minutes of arc. 61 Cygni is a physical double star whose components differ in brightness by less than one magnitude. The distance of sixteen seconds of arc between the components favored the accuracy of the determination of the parallax because pointing could be carried out with two star images. After observing for eighteen months, by the fall of 1838 Bessel had enough measurements for the determination of a reliable parallax. He found that p = 0.314? with a mean error of ±:0.020? This work was published in the Astronomische Nachrichten (1838), the first time the distance of a star became known. Bessel?s value for the parallax shows excellent agreement with the results obtained by extensive modern photographical parallax determinations,." (DSB).Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1838 A. - Shapley & Howarth "A Source Book in Astronomy", pp. 216 ff.

The origins of Flat Earth Theory Two printed broadsides (375 by 250 mm and 430 by 280 mm), with drop-head titles, text printed in two columns, with woodcut illustrations, light toning. Two exceptionally rare broadsides concerning flat earth theory. As a young man, English inventor, writer and general con-artist Samuel Birley Rowbotham (1816-1884) spent his time organising a cooperative community in Cambridgeshire, inspired by his utopian socialist ideals. While working as part of this community, he first formulated his ideas about the shape of the Earth, after observing a lack of curvature on the drainage ditches of the Old Bedford River. The straight 21 mile stretch of the Bedford Levels was enough to convince Rowbotham that the Earth was in fact flat. He soon began lecturing on his marvellous new theory, which he named zetetic astronomy and which propounded a model of the Earth as a flat disc centred around the North Pole and bounded by a perimeter wall of ice. Rowbotham seems not to have fully explored all the implications of his idea, however, as he once fled from one of his own lectures, which had a sixpence entry fee, when asked to explain why a ship's hull disappears before its mast when sailing out to see. Nonetheless he persisted with the theory and in 1849 published under the pseudonym "Parallax" a 16-page pamphlet, which was expanded into a book in 1865 and then extended into a third edition of 430 pages in 1881. In the intervening years, Rowbotham had had 17 known children, at least one of whom he accidentally killed through poisoning. Indeed, he was found responsible for a number of other deaths from the quack cure of phosphorus, which he sold under the name of Dr Samuel Birley. Among his other questionable pursuits was the invention of a "life-preserving cylindrical railway carriage", for which he secured a patent. Naturally, Rowbotham also founded a society with branches in both London and New York: the magazine of the Universal Zetetic Society, entitledThe Earth Not a Globe Review,remained active until the early part of the twentieth century. After a slow decline the movement was revived in 1956 as The Flat Earth Society. The present broadsheets present Rowbotham's theory in the form of an illustrated summary, complete with ten woodcuts depicting experiments, diagrams and cross-sections, and an advertisement for a series of upcoming lectures at Castle-St., Aylesbury in November 1857. According to his astronomy, the world's continents float on an infinite ocean which has a layer of fire underneath, and the lands we know are surrounded by an infinite wilderness of ice and snow, beyond the Antarctic Ocean, bordered by an immense circular ice cliff.