mechanical equivalent heat (3 Ergebnisse)

Paris, Bachelier, 1847 a. 1848. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes Rendus Hebdomadaires des Séances de L'Academie des Sciences", Tome 25, No 8 and Tome 27, No 16. Pp. (286-) 324 a. pp. (373-) 400. (Entire issues offered). Joule's paper: pp. 309-311. Mayer's paper: pp. 385-387. First apperance of the paper in which Joule presented his last and most exact measurement of "THE MECHANICAL EQUIVALENT OF HEAT" by using his famous experimental design, the Paddle-wheel experiment, the most direct demonstration of the heat-mechanical-work equivalence. - He reported his final determinations of the equivalent to the French Academy of Sciences, and presented this learned body with the iron paddle-wheel calorimeter he had used in the case of mercury, thus establishing that heat is a form of energy.Mayer, in his paper, claimed that he was the first to evaluate the mechanical equivalent, and thus claiming priority to the importent conservation law, the first law of thermodynamics and the conservation of energy.Parkinson "Breakthroughs" 1847 P.

(London, W. Bulmer and Co., 1804). 4to. No wrappers as extracted from "Philosophical Transactions" 1804 - Part I. Pp. 77-182 and 2 engraved plates (showing his experimental apparatus). First and last leaves with some faint browning and brownspots. The plates with some browspots, mainly to margins. Wide-margined. First appearance of Rumford's second large paper on the mechanical equivalent of heat, in which he owerthrows the caloric theory. Rumford's early papers were importent steps towards the conception of the principle of the "Conservation of Energy" and the thermodynamical laws."The importence of this investigation here entered into, - inasmuch as it applies to most of the operations of nature as well as art, - appears so manifest, that we shall not recapitulate what the author advances on the subject. before he proceeds to the details of his experiments for the purpose oof computing the emissions of heat from various bodies under a variety of circumstances, he finds it necessary to prmise a minute description of the principal part of the apparatus he contrived for the purpose."(Abstract).In his famous paper of 1798 "An Inquiry Concerning the Source of Heat Which is Exicited by Friction" showed that heat is a form of motion and not a substance as it was seen in the 18th century."He had been lead to the hypothesis that friction is an inexhaustable source of heat while considering the boring of a canon at Munich's military arsenal and had proceeded to experiment with brass guns at the arsenal. The experiments confirm the hypothesis, justifying his conclusion that heat is not a material substance as others had believed. He goeson to equate heat to motion."(Parkinson in "Breakthroughs" 1798 P.).

Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1854. Conemp. hcalf. 5 raised bands, gilt spine and gilt lettering to spine. A few scratches to spine. Light wear to spine ends. A small nick to top of spine. Small stamp on verso of first -and general- titlepage and small stamps to verso of plates. In: "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Ergänzungsband IV. VIII,632 pp. and 2 folded engraved plates. Joule's paper: pp. 601-632. Internally celan and fine. First German edition of one of the most importent papers in 1900th century physics, and the culmination of Joule's work. The offered paper is a translation of Joule's great memoir "On the Mechanical equivalent of Heat", published 1850, and one of the founding papers of the principle of "The conservation of energy", - Joule here gave the experimental proof of the conservation law."Joule was not the first to determine the mechanical equivalent of heat. Rumford had attempted it but had come out with a value that was far too high. Mayer produced a fairly good value before Joule did, but it was Joule who was most accurate (up to his time), who backed up his figure with a large variety of careful experimental data, and who /with Thomson's help) forced the view on the world of science. He therefore gets the credit, and in his honour a unit of work, equal to 10,000,000 ergs, is called the Joule."(Asimov). - Dibner, Heralds of Science No.158 (the 1843 paper).Joule's first measurement of the mechanical equivalent of heat was published.in 1843. It was made by comparing the heat generated by the current of a magnetoelectric machine with the excess of work which was used in turning the machine when the circuit was closed above that used when it was open.In the following papers in which the mechanical equivalent was measured in different ways we find the same elaborate description of the experiments and a brief statement of the final results. This is particularly true of the GREAT MEMOIR OF 1850 IN WHICH JOULE'S WORK CULMINATED. (Magie "Source Book in Physics" p. 203).The volume contains further STOKES, G.G.: "Ueber die Veränderung der Brechbarkeit des Lichts." Pp. 177-345 in first German edition.