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Paperback. Zustand: Fair. No Jacket. Readable copy. Pages may have considerable notes/highlighting. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

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Zustand: Good. Good condition. Volume 10. (armed forces, national security, united states) A copy that has been read but remains intact. May contain markings such as bookplates, stamps, limited notes and highlighting, or a few light stains.

Paperback. Zustand: Good. No Jacket. Pages can have notes/highlighting. Spine may show signs of wear. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

Paperback. Zustand: Good. No Jacket. Pages can have notes/highlighting. Spine may show signs of wear. ~ ThriftBooks: Read More, Spend Less.

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Leipzig, Johann Ambrosius Barth, 1857. Without wrappers. In "Annalen der Physik und Chemie. Hrsg. von J.C. Poggendorff", Bd. 100, No 2 . Pp. 177-252 a. 1 plate. (Entire issue offered). Kirchhoff's paper: pp. 193-217. With titlepage to volume 100. First printing of an importent papers on the theory of electricity in conductors, telegraph-cables etc., determining the velocity of the electrical propagation. He found that the propagation velocity of electricity to be "very close to the velocity of light in empty space"."The work of Thomson on signalling along cables was followed in 1857 (the paper offered) by a celebrated investigation by Kirchhoff's, on the propagation of electrical disturbance along a telegraph wire of circular cross-section. (Whittaker "A History of the Theories of Aether and Electricity", pp. 230 ff.)."The field was still open (the nature of the electric current) when Kirchhoff entered it in 1857 with his own general theory of the motion of electricity in conductors. His first paper, in which he treated linear conductors from the same premises as Weber, turned out to coincide in all essentials with an investigation carried out by Weber shortly before but delayed in publication. Both physicists noticed a remarkable implication of their theory: in a perfectly conducting circuit, oscillating currents could be propagated with a constant velocity, independent of the nature of the conductors, and numerically equal to the velocity of light. Both Kirchhoff and Weber, however, pointing to the extreme character of the condition of infinite conductivity, dismissed this result as a mere accidental coincidence."(DSB).

Paris, L'Imprimerie Royale, 1716. 4to. Without wrappers. Extracted from "Mémoires de l'Academie des Sciences. Année 1713". With engraved frontispiece and titlepage to "Année" 1713. Pp. 324-348 and 2 large folded engraved plates. First appearance of Sauveur's last importent work on the theory of sound."Later, in work presented in 1713 (the paper offered), Sauveur derived the frequency of a string theoretically. He treated the string, stretched horizontally and hanging in a curve because of the gravitational field, as a compound pendulum and he found the frequency of the swinging motion, assumed to have small amplitude. His results agrees with the modern one except for a factor of the quadratic root of 10/phi. It was through Sauveur and the Paris Academy that ideas about harmonics became well known in the early eighteenth century. Sauveur's terminology, including "harmonics" and "node", was adopted and still is current." (DSB XII, p. 128).

Paris, Mallet-Bachelier, 1862. 4to. No wrappers. In: "Comptes rendus hebdomadaires des séances de l?Académie des sciences", Vol. 55, No 12 a. 21. Pp. 481--519 a. pp. 781-803. (Entire issues offered). With title-page to vol. 55. Foucault's papers: pp. 501-503 a. pp. 792-796. Clean and fine. First printing of Foucault's famous experiments on the velocity of light with the description of his improved equipment, the rotating mirror. Foucault's method was later developed by Michelson and Morley in their famous experiment in 1887."Foucault?s first experiment, carried out in 1850 and written up in full in his doctoral thesis of 1853, was purely comparative" he announced no numerical values until 1862. Then, with an improved apparatus, he was able to measure precisely the velocity of light in air. This result, significantly smaller than Fizeau?s of 1849, changed the accepted value of solar parallax and vindicated the higher value which Le Verrier had calculated from astronomical data. Foucault?s turning-mirror apparatus was the basis for the later determinations of the velocity of light by A. A. Michelson and Simon Newcomb."(DSB).Leon Foucault, used a similar method to Fizeau. He shone a light to a rotating mirror, then it bounced back to a remote fixed mirror and then back to the first rotating mirror. But because the first mirror was rotating, the light from the rotating mirror finally bounced back at an angle slightly different from the angle it initially hit the mirror with. By measuring this angle, it was possible to measure the speed of the light. Foucault continually increased the accuracy of this method over the years. His final measurement in 1862 determined that light traveled at 299,796 Km/s. Magee "A Source Book in Physics", p. 342 ff. and "Source Book in Astronomy", p. 282 ff.