cliff hansen (1 Ergebnisse)

Zustand: Good. Contemporary reprint. 34, [2] pages. Contains Introduction, Assessable Kinetic Energy of a Synchronous Generator, Accessible Stored Energy in A Wind Turbine, Use Cases, Financial Recovery, Conclusions, References, and Distribution. Also includes Figures, a Table, and Nomenclature. The primary focus of this paper is the use of stored rotational energy in the wind turbine without the need to spill wind--that is, the need to reduce output below its maximum output to gain the ability to increase its power output on demand. This idea has not been exploited to near its potential. Dr. Guttromson was the Manager, Energy Storage and Transmission Analysis at Sandia National Laboratories. This paper discusses the broad use of rotational kinetic energy stored in wind turbine rotors to supply services to the electrical power grid. The grid services are discussed in terms of zero-net-energy, which do not require a reduction in power output via pitch control (spill), but neither do they preclude doing so. The services discussed include zero-net-energy regulation, transient and small signal stability, and other frequency management services. The delivery of this energy requires a trade-off between the frequency and amplitude of power modulation and is limited, in some cases, by equipment ratings and the unresearched long-term mechanical effects on the turbine. As wind displaces synchronous generation, the grid's inertial storage is being reduced, but the amount of accessible kinetic energy in a wind turbine at rated speed is approximately 6 times greater than that of a generator with only a 0.12% loss in efficiency and 75 times greater at 10% loss. The potential flexibility of the wind's kinetic storage is also high. However, the true cost of providing grid services using wind turbines, which includes a potential increase in operations and maintenance costs, have not been compared to the value of the services themselves. Staple bound (upper left corner).