The Service; The Memoirs of General Reinhard Gehlen

xxvii, [3], 386 pages. Footnotes. Illustrations. Color endpaper maps. Appendix. Milestones in My Career. Glossary. Introduction by George Bailey. Some wear to DJ edges and slight scuffing. Gehlen was head of Hitler's military espionage in Russia; as the war ended, he transferred his network of spies to the service of the United States, and ultimately became chief of the official West German intelligence agency. So startling and dramatic are these memoirs, the entire history of World War II will have to be rewritten because of them. Gehlen's revelations cannot fail to embarrass governments, cast doubts on famous leaders and causes, frighteningly underscore the fantastic power of espionage in world affairs. The Service is the memoir of General Reinhard Gehlen, legendary spymaster-in-chief, Hitler's head of military espionage in Russia who, as the war ended, transferred his mammoth files and network of spies to the service of the United States, ultimately to become chief of the official West German intelligence agency. Gehlen's memoirs were published in 1977 by World Publishers, New York. The CIA review makes this comment: "Gehlen was never a good clandestine operator, nor was he a particularly good administrator. And therein lay his failures. The Gehlen Organization/BND always had a good record in the collection of military and economic intelligence on East Germany and the Soviet forces there. But this information, for the most part, came from observation and not from clandestine penetration". A CIA note on Gehlen describes him as "essentially a military officer in habits and attitudes". Reinhard Gehlen (3 April 1902 8 June 1979) was a German military and intelligence officer, later dubbed "Hitler's Super Spy," who served the Weimar Republic, Nazi Germany, and West Germany, and also worked for the United States during the early years of the Cold War. He led the Gehlen Organization, which worked with the CIA from its founding, employing former SS and Wehrmacht officers, and later became the first head of West Germany's Federal Intelligence Service (BND). In years prior, he was in charge of German military intelligence on the Eastern Front during World War II and later became one of the founders of the West German armed forces, the Bundeswehr. The son of an army officer and World War I veteran, in 1920 Gehlen joined the Reichswehr, the truncated army of the Weimar Republic, and was an operations staff officer in an infantry division during the invasion of Poland in 1939. After that he was appointed to the staff of General Franz Halder, the Chief of the Army High Command (OKH), and quickly became one of his main assistants. Gehlen had a significant role in planning the German operations in Greece, Yugoslavia, and the Soviet Union. When the Red Army continued to fight after the initial German success during Operation Barbarossa, in the spring of 1942 Gehlen was appointed by Halder as director of Foreign Armies East (FHO), the military intelligence service of the OKH tasked with analyzing the Soviet armed forces. He achieved the rank of major general before he was dismissed by Adolf Hitler in April 1945 because of the FHO's alleged "defeatism" and accurate but pessimistic intelligence reports about Red Army military superiority. Following the end of World War II, Gehlen surrendered to the United States Army. While in a POW camp, Gehlen offered FHO's microfilmed and secretly buried archives about the USSR and his own services to the U.S. intelligence community. Following the start of the Cold War, the U.S. military (G-2 Intelligence) accepted Gehlen's offer and assigned him to establish the Gehlen Organization, an espionage service focusing on the Soviet Union and Soviet Bloc. Beginning with his time as head of the Gehlen Organization, Gehlen favored both Atlanticism and close cooperation between what would become West Germany, the U.S. intelligence community, and the other members of the NATO military alliance. The organization emp.…