Role of Inflammation in Environmental Neurotoxicity. Dieser Artikel ist nicht verfügbar.Role of Inflammation in Environmental Neurotoxicity

Dr. Aschner serves as the Harold and Muriel Block Chair in Molecular Pharmacology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine. He served on numerous toxicology panels (Institute of Medicine, US Environmental Protection Agency, Center for Disease Control, FDA, National Academy of Sciences, US Department of Defense), and was a member and chair of the Neurotoxicology and Alcohol study section (NIH). He served as the President of the Society of Toxicology and has previously served as the President of the Academy of Toxicological Sciences and the International Neurotoxicology Association. He has authored (co-authored) >1,100 peer reviewed manuscripts and 110 book chapters, his h-index is 124, and he is a recipient of Honorary Doctorate from the University of Cordoba in Argentina. Research in his lab focuses on: (1) Modulation of C. elegans genes (aat, skn-1, daf-16) that are homologous to mammalian regulators of methylmercury (MeHg) uptake and cellular resistance will modify dopaminergic neurodegeneration in response to MeHg exposure. (2) Under conditions of MeHg-induced oxidative stress, Nrf2 (a master regulator of antioxidant responses) coordinates the upregulation of cytoprotective genes that combat MeHg-induced oxidative injury, and that genetic and biochemical changes that negatively impact upon Nrf2 function increase MeHg’s neurotoxicity. (3) PARK2, a strong PD genetic risk factor, alters neuronal vulnerability to modifiers of cellular Mn status, particularly at the level of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress. His studies are designed to (1) shed novel mechanistic insight into metal-induced neurodegeneration; (2) identify targets for genetic or pharmacologic modulation of neurodegenerative disorders; (3) increase knowledge of the pathway involved in oxidative stress; (4) develop improved research models for human disease using knowledge of environmental sciences.

Dr. Costa is Professor Emeritus of Toxicology in the Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences at the University of Washington in Seattle. Before joining the University of Washington in 1983 he received a doctorate in Pharmacology from the University of Milano and was a postdoctoral fellow at the University of Texas at Houston. Over the years he served as the Director of the University of Washington Toxicology Program, Director of the Neurotoxicology Research Core of the NIEHS Center in Ecogenetics and Environmental Health, and a Core Faculty of the Environmental and Occupational Epidemiology Training Program and the Environmental Pathology/Toxicology Training Program at the University of Washington. He has also held professorial positions at various Universities in Italy (Parma, Bari, Roma, Pavia, Milano). He is a member of several national and international professional organizations, a Fellow of the Academy of Toxicological Sciences, and a European Certified Toxicologist. He received various awards for his scientific accomplishments, including the Achievement Award from the Society of Toxicology. Dr. Costa has been a member of several panels and committees at the national and international level dealing with toxicology and risk assessment issues. He has been teaching classes in pharmacology, toxicology, and neurotoxicology for over 35 years, and has kept an active research program in neurotoxicology, with >500 publications, books and book chapters. The primary focus of his research relates to the toxicology and neurotoxicology of pesticides, environmental contaminants, alcohol, air pollution, and on various aspects of gene-environment interactions in relationship to neurotoxicity and neurodegeneration.