O\ Callaghan, J: History of the Irish Brigades in the Service

Excerpt from History of the Irish Brigades in the Service of France: From the Revolution in Great Britain and Ireland Under James II., To the Revolution in France Under Louis XVI

Britain, and landed without opposition, November 15th, 1688, at Torbay, in Devonshire. James, though too long deceived respecting the real destination of the Dutch armament, by the treachery of his minister Robert Spencer, Earl of Sun derland, had, nevertheless, assembled a force, that, if well affected towards him, would have been much more than sufficient to overpower the invaders. But, incapacitated from defending his crown by a defection so general as even to include his own daughter Anne, afterwards Queen Anne, and not altogether without reasons to be mindful of the fate of his father, King Charles I., it was soon judged requisite for him to send Off his Queen and infant son piivately to France. After having been turned out of his 01111 palace at White hall, and for some time a piisoner under a Dutch guarth the King likewise considered it necessaiy fo1 him to escape from Eng] 1nd, and seek in France the protection of his cousin german, Louis tdxivf. Early in the following year, 1689, the flight of James, notwithstanding his proposal, in writing, from France, to return. Summon a Parliament, and endeavour, in a regular way, to adjust matteis between himself and his subjects, was voted in England by a Convention, assembled under William's auspices, to have been an abdication of the Crown. The royal dignity, thus pronounced to have been abdicated by James, against his public protest to the contrary, was conferred upon the Prince and Princess of Orange, with the executive power to be vested in the Prince. The Crown of Scotland, still a separate one from the Crown of England, was, in the spring of the same year, also transferred from James (as James VII.) to his son - ln - law and daughter; so that, with the exception of a brave, though comparatively unimportant, Opposition in favour of the deposed Monarch, maintained in a corner of Scotland amongst the Highlanders, the Dutch Prince became the de facto Sovereign of the 2 Protestant kingdoms of Great Britain.

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