A Novice's Guide Through the Jewish Holidays explores the traditions, historical events along with Hebrew blessings in transliteration of the holidays for all people of diverse faiths and learning skills. The book engages and encourages the reader to become comfortable practicing the observances of the holidays. This guide will inspire and enlighten multi-generational and interfaith families to learn together. There are recipes and decorations to enhance the richness and beauty of each holiday. The special gift of this book is to bring a better understanding of the Jewish people's rich heritage. May your thirst for knowledge never be quenched!

Auszug. � Genehmigter Nachdruck. Alle Rechte vorbehalten.

A Novice's Guide Through The Jewish Holidays

By Rabbi Helene, Weintraub Ainbinder

AuthorHouse LLC

Acknowledgments, ix, 
Introduction, xiii, 
1. Shabbat, 1, 
2. Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur, 16, 
3. Sukkot, 28, 
4. Shemini Atzeret and Simhat Torah, 37, 
5. Hanukkah, 40, 
6. Tu B'Shvat, 51, 
7. Purim, 63, 
8. Passover—Pesach, 72, 
9. Shavuot, 82, 
10. Yom HaShoah, 87, 
11. Yom Hazikaron and Yom Ha'Atzma'ut, 90, 
Art Projects and Decorations, 97, 
Suggestions for Further Reading, 109, 
Glossary, 113,

CHAPTER 1

SHABBAT

Shabbat (the Sabbath) is one of the most important holidays in a Jewish person's life. The Torah says, "And the heaven and earth were finished, and the host of them. And on the seventh day G-d finished His work which He had made; and He rested on the seventh day from all His work which He had made. And G-d blessed the seventh day, and hallowed it; because that in it He rested from all His work which G-d in creating made" (Genesis 2:1–3). HaShem created everything, even this special day of rest. The Ten Commandments tell us to remember and keep the Sabbath holy. It arrives every week at sundown on Friday night and ends when three stars appear in the night sky on Saturday evening.

One who keeps the Shabbat keeps Judaism alive. Each Jew observes Shabbat differently. Those who do not celebrate the beauty of this sacred time are missing an essential part of themselves. G-d created the world and everything in it, and on the seventh day He created a day of rest for people and animals. The difference between a regular work day and a day of total rest needs to be emphasized. The start of the Sabbath means the ceasing of all manner of work. When the Sabbath ends, an emphasis is placed on the separation from the sacred time of space. Special ceremonies and prayers show the Jewish people's gratitude and happiness to HaShem. Even the service of Havdalah (which literally means "separation") continues to emphasize the idea of this holy separation. G-d made the Sabbath day a holy day for the Jewish people.

During the weekdays, individuals produce and create. However, on the seventh day, HaShem did not create, which is a moral lesson. If G-d rested—and He is infinite and does not need to rest—then it was His first lesson for mankind. Shabbat is His gift to the world. The one day of no constructive work is intended for spiritual renewal. This day was meant for the heart and spirit of the world. HaShem created a concept of limits. Even the land rests in the seventh year. Trees need to grow, and then people may eat their fruits.

With today's hectic way of life, people need to find a special, sacred space to refresh their inner nashmah (soul). Going to synagogue helps reduce stress, creates the opportunity to make new friends, and increases productivity for the new week ahead.

What was created after it was already Shabbat? Tranquility, serenity, peace, and quiet. (Genesis Rabbah 17:7)

Remember the Shabbat and keep it holy. (Exodus 20:8)

To observe the Sabbath, you may want the following ritual objects:

Candlesticks

At least two Shabbat candles (white is traditional; however, colorful Shabbat candles can be purchased from Tzfat, Israel, and other sources that carry Israeli products). Some families have a minhag (custom) to kindle more candles for each person in their family.

1 kiddush cup
Kosher wine
1 challah cover (handmade, store bought, or from Israel)
2 challah loaves
Salt to dip the challah in (Rosh Hashanah challah is round,
and honey is used for dipping it)
1 tzedakah box (money to be used for donating to worthy
charities)

My suggestion is to have all ritual items on your dining table for each holiday. Make sure that the candles are on a fire-safe tray, the kiddush cup is filled with sweet kosher wine, and the challah are covered before any prayers are recited. Anyone can lead the services; however, traditionally the woman of the house does the kindling of the candles, and the man of the house does the blessings for the wine and bread. Almost all Jewish holidays start this way.

The order of the proceedings should be as follows:

Place money into the tzedakah box. The woman covers her head with a lace head covering or kippah. She kindles the candles and waves her hands over them to bring in light and warmth. Then she covers her eyes with her hands. Only then may the blessing may be recited. The reason for this order of motions is that one should not create anything once the Sabbath commences.

Everyone may join in the b'rakhah, or blessings. The man of the house says the wine blessing and follows with the motzi (prayer over the bread).

The goal is for the children eventually to be able to lead the service in their own homes.

Some traditional options for the ritual:

A white tablecloth
Money to put into the tzedakah box (also called a pushka)
before the candles are kindled
Kippots, or yarmulkas, for the men
Flowers to beautify the tablecloth
Head coverings for the women
Family and friends invited to join the celebration

Before the Sabbath begins, a white tablecloth is usually placed over the table around which the family gathers. Flowers may add a little special feeling and scent to the Sabbath.

Beyond these basics, Traditional and Orthodox Jews observe several more Shabbat traditions. Before Shabbat begins, families have done all the shopping, baking, and cleaning needed for the duration of Shabbat. They bathe and dress beforehand as well. No electricity is used once Shabbat begins, since Jewish people cannot create or work on Shabbat. The use of modern inventions requires the review and approval of rabbinic authorities. Depending on the Jewish community, these devices may or may not be used. Jews who are very observant will install timers to turn the lights on and off. The stove may have a Sabbath device, or a hotplate may be left on.

The candles are lit at home no later than eighteen minutes before sunset. The Friday night meal is traditionally held at home; however, many communities have a festive Shabbat meal in their synagogues. Some congregations have a regular hour fixed year round for the start of their services in the synagogue. Other synagogues follow daylight savings time hours, while some congregations in the Reform movement have a Friday night service as their major service for the week. Most Friday night services serve refreshments, known as an oneg.

Shabbat morning is the traditional time for prayer services. These consist of Shaharit (morning prayers), Torah (when the Torah is taken out of the aron hakodesh, or holy ark), Haftorah (the prophets), and then the Musaf service. Some synagogues have a junior congregation, which is adapted for families with children.

After services is the kiddush. Some synagogues have challah, wine, juice, cake, and cookies, while others serve light food. Some synagogues have the second meal of Shabbat if there is a special simcha (a festive occasion such as a bar/ bat mitzvah or baby naming). The Birkat Hamazon is recited as the concluding prayer over the food that was eaten.

Shabbat afternoon is usually a time of leisure at home. In the late afternoon, a light third meal is served (se'udah shlishit). Traditional congregations...

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