Management of Greywater in Developing Countries: Alternative Practices, Treatment and Potential for Reuse and Recycling

This book reviews the consequences of improper disposal of greywater into the environment and the most appropriate treatment technologies for developing countries, focusing on the potential to reuse greywater as a production medium for biomass and bio-products. It also describes the quantities and qualitative characteristics, as well as the common practice of discharging greywater in developing countries, and highlights the associated health risks. Further, it compares the management of greywater in developed and developing countries and explores the advantages and disadvantages of various treatment technologies, discussing the reuse of greywater for irrigation purposes in arid and sub-arid countries, especially in the Middle East. The book shows the benefits of greywater and introduces low-cost technologies based on the available local facilities can be used to discharge, reuse, and recycle it.

Adel Ali Saeed Al-Gheethi (PhD) is a Senior lecturer at the Department of Water and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) in Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. She has been working with the UTHM since 2015. He has also worked as a lecturer and Laboratories manager at the Faculty of Medical Science, Yemeni-Jordanian University and Higher Institute of Health Sciences, in Sana'a, Yemen, for 4 years. He graduated with a Bachelor and Master of Applied Microbiology from Taiz University, Yemen in 2008. He obtained a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Environmental Technology with his thesis on Enzymatic degradation of Pharmaceutical residues in secondary effluents, at Universiti Sains Malaysia (USM), Penang, Malaysia in 2014.  His research focuses on low cost treatment technologies of different types of wastewater which may be used in developing countries. His research interests also include microbiology of wastewater, phycoremediation, pharmaceutical waste, heavy metals biosorption, and antibiotics bio-degradation. He has coauthored 45 articles in international peer-reviewed journals and has authored and coauthored Four chapters in Handbook of Environmental Materials Management (Springer publisher, 2018), a chapter in "Renewable Energy and Sustainable Technologies for Building and Environmental Applications" Springer Publishing (2016) and one chapter in "Cellulase: Production, Applications and Health Benefits" NOVA Science Publishers (2016) as well as. He has also contributed to three teaching modules on environmental engineering.

Amir Hashim Mohd Kassim (PhD) is a Senior Professor at the Department of Water and Environment Engineering, Faculty of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia (UTHM) in Batu Pahat, Johor, Malaysia. He graduated with a Diploma in Civil Engineering from the University of Technology, Kuala Lumpur in 1977, a Bachelor of Civil Engineering from the University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK in 1981, and a Master of Civil Engineering (Hydrology and Water Resources) from Colorado State University in Fort Collins, USA in 1984. He obtained a Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in Civil Engineering (Hydrology and Water Resources) at the University of Birmingham, UK in 1989. In addition, he is a registered professional engineer with practice under the board of Engineers Malaysia. Hashim's research involves water resources engineering modelling, hydrology, greywater, and wastewater management and treatment. He has coauthored 39 articles in international peer-reviewed journals, Four chapters in Handbook of Environmental Materials Management (Springer publisher, 2018) and one chapter in "Cellulase: Production, Applications and Health Benefits" NOVA Science Publishers (2016).