Laser Systems and Applications

This book presents a discussion on various types of laser systems, explains their structures and working principles, and throws light on their recent applications especially in science, medicine, industry, defence and environmental studies. The text describes the special features of laser beams such as directionality, intensity, monochromaticity and coherence in detail and gives an overview of laser technology so as to answer the question--why should every engineer study lasers? Knowledge of quantum mechanics is essential for understanding the principles of laser technology. The book provides an overview of quantum mechanics in a step-by-step manner. It also describes the pumping process used in lasers, laser rate equations as well as light amplification and oscillation in detail. The book addresses how laser output is controlled using methods such as Q-switching, cavity dumping and mode-locking. The inclusion of a large number of solved examples and review questions further strengthens the text. An attempt has been made to keep the presentation and explanation as simple as possible. The book is designed for the undergraduate engineering students of all disciplines. Some universities include the study of Laser Systems as a structured course in their curriculum.