Development of a Probability Based Load Criterion for American National Standard A58 Building Code Requirements for Minimum Design Loads in Buildings and Other Structures Classic Reprint

Excerpt from Development of a Probability Based Load Criterion for American National Standard A58: Building Code Requirements for Minimum Design Loads in Buildings and Other Structures

The proposed design process thus defines the appropriate limit states, and hence it is often named Limit States Design. Limit states design, in itself, is nothing fundamentally new but is a procedure which, in effect, requires the designer to consider explicitly several different modes of possible structural behavior during design. The particular method above also identifies resistance factors and load factors, and so it is called Load and Resistance Factor Design; it is one (of several) limit states design criteria formats.

Broadly speaking, there are two types of limit states: (1) ultimate limit states under which the structure or component is judged to have failed in its capacity to carry load; and (2) serviceability limit states under which the function of the building is impaired. The recommendations in this report are confined to the ultimate limit states as these are of particular concern in standards and specifications which are intended to protect the public from physical harm.

The recommended load and resistance factor design format which incorporates limit states, resistance factors, load factors and load combinations is a formalization of trends evident in many structural specifications in the United States. It provides a means whereby it is possible to achieve more uniform performance and reliability in structural design than is possible with just one factor of safety. This has long been recognized in reinforced concrete design. Current research in metal structures has also produced tentative rules which apply to steel, cold-formed steel, and aluminum structures. The' thesis of this report is that it is also desirable to provide common load combinations-and load factors which can be used in connection with all material specifications. This point will be elaborated upon subsequently.

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