Looking at the uniqueness of each biological form, I assume that the designs of a biological form must be determined by a regulative system coded by certain groups of invariant proteins. The mechanism in charge of combining these proteins in specific patterns to produce design programs I call primordialization. A design program determines the design and the layout of the structures of the organism during its embryonic development. The patterns of proteins' combinations in primordial programs cannot be shifted one into another by environmental factors. If the amino acid sequence of any of the participating proteins is altered, the design program will obliterate. In case such an alteration happens inside an egg cell, one of the two possibilities is expected to occur. Either the affected cell is no longer viable and dies out, or develops into a creature with indistinct body design. Alteration of the proteins involved in a design program can occur also at any time during an organism's development and later. In such situations the affected cells can turn into a cancer cell

The Designs of Biological Forms, Development, and Initiation of Cancer

By Mirabotalib Kazemie

AuthorHouse

Copyright © 2009 Mirabotalib Kazemie
All right reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-4490-1050-8

Contents

INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................................................................................1PRIMORDIALIZATION..........................................................................................................................................................................5Emergence of biological forms requires primordialization: changing of an urprimordial cell into a primordial cell..........................................................................5Forms' designs are encoded by the invariant proteins during the process of primordialization...............................................................................................6Forms cannot be transformed................................................................................................................................................................8HOW PRIMORDIALIZATION WORKS TODAY?.........................................................................................................................................................11Sources of cells equivalent to urprimordial cells..........................................................................................................................................11Egg cells are replicates of primordial cells...............................................................................................................................................16Functions in multicellular organisms derive from cell's functions in urprimordial cells....................................................................................................16PROTEIN INTELLIGENCE.......................................................................................................................................................................19Protein molecules have the ability to recognize events and memorize their sequence.........................................................................................................19Protein molecules can program and reprogram the events inside the cell.....................................................................................................................20DNA IS PASSIVE AND CHANGEABLE..............................................................................................................................................................25DNA has a passive role in cell affairs.....................................................................................................................................................25DNA plays a passive role during development................................................................................................................................................26DNA has no role during cell division.......................................................................................................................................................27DNA mutations and organisms' designs.......................................................................................................................................................28The high content of non-functional DNA in multicellular organisms is possibly the result of dumping non-coding DNA sequences...............................................................30DEVELOPMENT................................................................................................................................................................................33Reasons for the similarities of organs during embryonic development between different organisms according to Darwin's theory of evolution and primordialization theory.....................33INITIATION OF CANCER.......................................................................................................................................................................41Destabilization of a cell's primordial program leads to initiation of cancer...............................................................................................................41Distinction between the process that leads to the formation of Placenta and the process that leads to initiation of cancer.................................................................43ADAPTABILITY ENSURES THE SURVIVAL OF LIVING ORGANISMS AS DISTINCT FORMS....................................................................................................................45Adaptability helps living organisms to survive, and preserve their identities..............................................................................................................45Adaptability is not dictated by the environment............................................................................................................................................47SEXUAL REPRODUCTION........................................................................................................................................................................51The design of sexual organs cannot be achieved by random mutations.........................................................................................................................51Sex differentiation........................................................................................................................................................................53The purpose of sexual reproduction.........................................................................................................................................................54BEHAVIOUR..................................................................................................................................................................................57Relation between survival strategies of unicellular organisms and behavior in metazoan.....................................................................................................57Some examples of instinctive behavior showing foresight....................................................................................................................................60Instincts and competence for survival at birth.............................................................................................................................................61Humans have been learning the means of survival from animals...............................................................................................................................62BIODIVERSITY...............................................................................................................................................................................65Darwin-Wallace's arguments on biodiversity.................................................................................................................................................65Biodiversity as viewed by primordialization theory.........................................................................................................................................67Similarity of sequence between homologous proteins and estimates of the rate of DNA mutations provide no evidenceof phylogenetic relationships.............................................69'Form' versus...