Blood Viscosity and Shock | The Role of Hemodilution, Hemoconcentration and Defibrination

I Review of the Literature.- I Viscosity in General.- II Viscosity in Relation to Cardiac Output, Blood Pressure and Peripheral Resistance.- III The Clinical Significance of Viscosity.- IV Lowering the Viscosity with the Aid of Hemodilution.- V Lowering the Viscosity by Means of Defibrination with the Aid of Arvin.- VI Viscometry.- II Material and Methods.- VII Material and Methods.- VIII Specific Measuring Methods.- III Results.- IX Paper I Effects of Reduction in Viscosity by Means of Hemodilution (Dextran 40) and Defibrination (Arvin) Using a Shock Model with Extracorporeal Circulation.- X Paper II Effects of Viscosity Reduction by Means of Defibrination (Arvin) and Moderate Hemodilution (0.9% NaCl) in a Shock Model with Intact Animals.- XI Paper III Effects of Changes in Viscosity by Means of Defibrination (Arvin) and Changes in Hematocrit (High and Low Ht) Using a Shock Model with Intact Animals.- XII Paper IV Integration of Blood Viscosity into a Clinical Concept.- XIII Paper V Standardization and Automation of the Measurement of Whole Blood Viscosity.- Summary and Conclusions.- General Summing-Up.