Agricultural Water Productivity Optimization for Irrigated Teff (Eragrostic Tef) in a Water Scarce Semi-Arid Region of Ethiopia

The prospects for the future are clear. Agriculture will have to respond to changing patterns of demand for food and combat food insecurity and poverty amongst marginalized communities. In so doing, agriculture will have to compete for scarce water with other users and reduce pressure on the water environment. Moreover, water managers have to unlock the potential of agricultural water management practices to raise productivity of water, spread equitable access to water, and conserve the natural productivity of the water resource base. This PhD thesis presents field tests combined with modelling work on the cultivation of irrigated Teff (Eragrostic Tef) in the Awash Rift Valley of Ethiopia. The field experiments were conducted during the dry season for two years. The results of these studies revealed that dealing with improvement of water productivity is closely related to the irrigation practice of regulated deficit irrigation and has a direct effect on yield, as the amount of water applied decreases intentionally the crop yield drops. Overall, this research has demonstrated the potential and the limitations of combining experimental fieldwork with modelling to optimize agricultural water productivity for Teff cultivation. Focusing on only experimental fieldwork is a single approach, and is hardly ever sufficient for achieving the best solutions to current water management problems. New guidelines on using the combined effort of experimental work in the field to produce field experimental data and using models are clearly needed. It is to these needs as well as to the required increase of Teff production under water scarce conditions that this research provides its main contribution.

Yenesew Mengiste Yihun (Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 1982) studied Agricultural Engineering and Mechanization at Debub University, Awassa, Ethiopia, and graduated with BSc.degree in 2004. She was employed by the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development in Komobolcha Agricultural Training, Vocation and Educational Training College (KATVET) as Instructor in October 2004. In October 2006, she received scholarship called CIDA-SARIC from Sweden Government to pursue her Master of Science (M.Sc.) study in Haramya University. Then she joined the school of Graduate Studies of Haramya University and graduated in Soil and Water Engineering (Irrigation Engineering) in 2008. After she completed her second degree she moved to Mekelle University, worked as Lecturer and researcher in the college of Dry Land Agriculture and Department of Land Resource Management and Environmental Protection (LaRMEP). In addition to teaching regular courses and undertaking a research, she was also working as higher official of the Mekelle University as Quality Assurance dean of the college of Dry Land Agriculture. Moreover, she has served as principal investigator in Dutch Government sponsored research project - NORAD II on Improving Irrigation Water Management Practices through Deficit Irrigation to attain food security, a case study in Geregera watershed, Atsbi Womberta District, Tigray, Ethiopia.

In July 2009 she got a full scholarship from Netherlands Fellow ship Programme (NUFFIC) for her PhD study in UNESCO-IHE, Institute for water education, Department of Water Science Engineering, Delft, the Netherlands. Her PhD research is on Agricultural Water Productivity Optimization for Irrigated Teff (Eragrostic Tef) in a Water Scarce Semi-Arid Region of Ethiopia. She writes a competitive research proposal so that she wins a research fund from International Foundation for Science (IFS).