Human and Nature Minding Automation: An Overview of Concepts, Methods, Tools and Applications - Softcover

Inhaltsangabe

Preface; Outline of the Book; Chapter 1: Automation, Humans, Nature, and Development; 1.1 Introduction; 1.2 The Field of Automation; 1.3 Brief History of Control and Automation; 1.4 The Principle of Feedback1.5 The Humans in Automation; 1.6 Automation in the Nature; 1.7 Social Issues of Automation; 1.8 Human Development and Modernization; 1.8.1 Human Development Components; 1.8.2 Modernization; 1.8.3 Human Development Index; 1.8.4 Life Expectancy, Literary and Standard of Living; 1.8.5 Human Development Report; Chapter 2: Human Factors in Automation (I): Building Blocks, Scope, and a First Set of Factors; 2.1 Introduction2.2 The Human Factors Field: Building Blocks and Scope; 2.2.1 Building Blocks; 2.2.2 The Human Features; 2.2.3 Human-Automation Relation; 2.2.4 Automation; 2.2.5 Goals and Scope of the Human Factors Field; 2.3 Human Factors in Automation System Design and Development; 2.3.1 General Issues; 2.3.2 Developmental Elements; 2.3.3 System Development Concepts; 2.4 The Workload Factor in Automation; 2.5 Three Key Human Factors in Automation; 2.5.1 Allocation of Function; 2.5.2 Stimulus-Response Compatibility; 2.5.3 Internal Model of the Operator; 2.6 The Operator Reliance Factor; Chapter 3:Human Factors in Automation (II): Psychological, Physical Strength, and Human Error Factors: 3.1 Introduction; 3.2 Psychological Factors; 3.2.1 Job Satisfaction; 3.2.2 Job Stress; 3.2.3 A Psychosocial Stress Model; 3.3 Physical Strength; 3.4 Human Bias; 3.5 Human Error; 3.6 Human Values and Human Rights; Chapter 4: Human - Machine Interaction in Automation (I): Basic Concepts and Devices: 4.1 Introduction; 4.2 Applications of Human - Machine Interactive Systems; 4.3 Methodologies for the Design of Human - Machine Interaction Systems; 4.4 Keys and Keyboards; 4.5 Pointing Devices; 4.6 Screen Design; 4.7 Work Station Design; 4.7.1 Physical Layout Factors; 4.7.2 Work Method Factors; 4.7.3 Video Display Terminal Factors; Chapter 5: Human - Machine Interaction in Automation (II): Advanced Concepts and Interfaces; 5.1 Introduction; 5.2 Graphical User Interfaces; 5.2.1 General Issues; 5.2.2 Design Components of Graphical Interfaces; 5.2.3 Windowing Systems; 5.2.4 Components of Windowing Systems; 5.3 Types and Design Features of Visual Displays; 5.3.1 Visual Display Type; 5.3.2 Further Design Features of Visual Displays; 5.4 Intelligent Human-Machine Interfaces; 5.5 Natural Language Human-Machine Interfaces; 5.6 Multi-Modal Human-Machine Interfaces ; 5.7 Graphical Interfaces for Knowledge-Based Systems; 5.8 Force Sensing Tactile Based Human-Machine Interfaces; 5.9 Human-Machine Interaction via Virtual Environments; 5.10 Human-Machine Interfaces in Computer-Aided Design; Chapter 6:; Supervisory and Distributed Control in Automation: 6.1 Introduction; 6.2 Supervisory Control Architectures; 6.2.1 Evolution of Supervisory Control; 6.2.2 Rasmussen's Architecture; 6.2.3 Sheridan's Architecture; 6.2.4 Meystel's Nested Architecture; 6.3 The Task Analysis and Task Allocation Problems in Automation: How much and when to Automate?; 6.4 Distributed Control Architectures; 6.4.1 Historical Remarks; 6.4.2 Hierarchical Distributed Systems; 6.4.3 Distributed Control and System Segmentation; 6.5 Discrete Event Supervisory Control; 6.6 Behavior-Based Architectures; 6.6.1 Subsumption Architecture; 6.6.2 Motor Schemas Architecture; 6.7 Discussion; Chapter 7: Implications of Industry, Automation, and Human Activity to Nature; 7.1 Introduction; 7.2 The Concepts of Waste and Pollution Control; 7.2. Industrial Contaminants; 7.2.1 Organic Compounds; 7.2.2 Metals and Inorganic Nonmetals; 7.3 Impact of Industrial Activity on the Nature; 7.3.1 Air Pollution; 7.3.2 Global Warming, Ozone Hole, Acid Rain and Urban Smog; 7.3.2.1 Global Warming and Green House Effect; 7.3.2.2 Ozone Hole; 7.3.2.3 Acid Rain; 7.3.2.4 Urban Smog; 7.3.3 Solid Waste Disposal; 7.3.4 Water Pollution; 7.4 Energy Consumption and Natural Resources Depletion; 7.5 Three Major Problems of the Globe

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