Remote Sensing Digital Image Analysis: An Introduction - Softcover

Inhaltsangabe

1 - Sources and Characteristics of Remote Sensing Image Data.- 1.1 Introduction to Data Sources.- 1.1.1 Characteristics of Digital Image Data.- 1.1.2 Spectral Ranges Commonly Used in Remote Sensing.- 1.1.3 Concluding Remarks.- 1.2 Weather Satellite Sensors.- 1.2.1 Polar Orbiting and Geosynchronous Satellites.- 1.2.2 The NOAA AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer).- 1.2.3 The Nimbus CZCS (Coastal Zone Colour Scanner).- 1.2.4 GMS VISSR (Visible and Infrared Spin Scan Radiometer).- 1.3 Earth Resource Satellite Sensors in the Visible and Infrared Regions.- 1.3.1 The Landsat System.- 1.3.2 The Landsat Instrument Complement.- 1.3.3 The Return Beam Vidicon(RBV).- 1.3.4 The Multispectral Scanner (MSS).- 1.3.5 The Thematic Mapper (TM).- 1.3.6 The SPOT High Resolution Visible (HRV) Imaging Instrument.- 1.3.7 The Skylab S 192 Multispectral Scanner.- 1.3.8 The Heat Capacity Mapping Radiometer (HCMR).- 1.3.9 Marine Observation Satellite (MOS).- 1.3.10 Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS).- 1.4 Aircraft Scanners in the Visible and Infrared Regions.- 1.4.1 General Considerations.- 1.4.2 The Daedalus AADS 1240/1260 Multispectral Line Scanner.- 1.4.3 The Airborne Thematic Mapper (ATM).- 1.4.4 The Thermal Infrared Multispectral Scanner (TIMS).- 1.4.5 The MDA MEIS-II Linear Array Aircraft Scanner.- 1.4.6 Imaging Spectrometers.- 1.5 Image Data Sources in the Microwave Region.- 1.5.1 Side Looking Airborne Radar and Synthetic Aperture Radar.- 1.5.2 TheSeasatSAR.- 1.5.3 Shuttle Imaging Radar-A (SIR-A).- 1.5.4 Shuttle Imaging Radar-B(SIR-B).- 1.5.5 ERS-1.- 1.5.6 JERS-1.- 1.5.7 Radarsat.- 1.5.8 Aircraft Imaging Radar Systems.- 1.6 Spatial Data Sources in General.- 1.6.1 Types of Spatial Data.- 1.6.2 Data Formats.- 1.6.3 Geographic Information Systems (GIS).- 1.6.4 The Challenge to Image Processing and Analysis.- 1.7 A Comparison of Scales in Digital Image Data.- References for Chapter 1.- Problems.- 2 - Error Correction and Registration of Image Data.- 2.1 Sources of Radiometric Distortion.- 2.1.1 The Effect of the Atmosphere on Radiation.- 2.1.2 Atmospheric Effects on Remote Sensing Imagery.- 2.1.3 Instrumentation Errors.- 2.2 Correction of Radiometric Distortion.- 2.2.1 Detailed Correction of Atmospheric Effects.- 2.2.2 Bulk Correction of Atmospheric Effects.- 2.2.3 Correction of Instrumentation Errors.- 2.3 Sources of Geometric Distortion.- 2.3.1 Earth Rotation Effects.- 2.3.2 Panoramic Distortion.- 2.3.3 Earth Curvature.- 2.3.4 Scan Time Skew.- 2.3.5 Variations in Platform Altitude, Velocity and Attitude.- 2.3.6 Aspect Ratio Distortion.- 2.3.7 Sensor Scan Nonlinearities.- 2.4 Correction of Geometric Distortion.- 2.4.1 Use of Mapping Polynomials for Image Correction.- 2.4.1.1 Mapping Polynomials and Ground Control Points.- 2.4.1.2 Resampling.- 2.4.1.3 Interpolation.- 2.4.1.4 Choice of Control Points.- 2.4.1.5 Example of Registration to a Map Grid.- 2.4.2 Mathematical Modelling.- 2.4.2.1 Aspect Ratio Correction.- 2.4.2.2 Earth Rotation Skew Correction.- 2.4.2.3 Image Orientation to North-South.- 2.4.2.4 Correction of Panoramic Effects.- 2.4.2.5 Combining the Corrections.- 2.5 Image Registration.- 2.5.1 Georeferencing and Geocoding.- 2.5.2 Image to Image Registration.- 2.5.3 Sequential Similarity Detection Algorithm.- 2.5.4 Example of Image to Image Registration.- 2.6 Miscellaneous Image Geometry Operations.- 2.6.1 Image Rotation.- 2.6.2 Scale Changing and Zooming.- References for Chapter 2.- Problems.- 3 - The Interpretation of Digital Image Data.- 3.1 Two Approaches to Interpretation.- 3.2 Forms of Imagery for Photointerpretation.- 3.3 Computer Processing for Photointerpretation.- 3.4 An Introduction to Quantitative Analysis - Classification.- 3.5 Multispectral Space and Spectral Classes.- 3.6 Quantitative Analysis by Pattern Recognition.- 3.6.1 Pixel Vectors and Labelling.- 3.6.2 Unsupervised Classification.- 3.6.3 Supervised Classification.- References for Chapter 3.- Problems.- 4 - Radiometric Enhancement Techniques.- 4.1 Introduction

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