Ionic and Volume Changes in the Microenvironment of Nerve and Receptor Cells: 13 (Progress in Sensory Physiology) - Softcover

Sykova, Eva

 
9783642769399: Ionic and Volume Changes in the Microenvironment of Nerve and Receptor Cells: 13 (Progress in Sensory Physiology)

Inhaltsangabe

Stability of the internal environment in which neuronal elements are situated is unquestionably an important prerequisite for the effective transmission of information in the nervous system. During the past decade our knowledge on the microenvironment of nerve cells has expanded. The conception that the microenvironment of neurones comprises a fluid with a relatively simple and stable composition is no longer accepted; the microenvironment is now envisaged as a dynamic structure whose composition, shape, and volume changes, thereby significantly influencing neuronal function and the trans­ mission of information in the nervous system. The modern conception of the neuronal microenvironment is based on the results of research over the last 20 years. The extracellular space (ECS) is comprehended not only as a relatively stable microenvironment containing neurones and glial cells (Bernard 1878), but also as a channel for communica­ tion between them. The close proximity of the neuronal elements in the CNS and the narrowness of the intercellular spaces provides a basis not only for interaction between the elements themselves, but also between the elements and their microenvironment. Substances which can cross the cell membranes can easily find their way through the microenvironment to adjacent cellular elements. In this way the microenvironment can assure non-synaptic com­ munication between the relevant neurones. Signalization can be coded by modulation of the chemical composition of the ECS in the vicinity of the cell membrane and does not require classic connection by axones, dendrites, and synapses.

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Reseña del editor

Stability of the internal environment in which neuronal elements are situated is unquestionably an important prerequisite for the effective transmission of information in the nervous system. During the past decade our knowledge on the microenvironment of nerve cells has expanded. The conception that the microenvironment of neurones comprises a fluid with a relatively simple and stable composition is no longer accepted; the microenvironment is now envisaged as a dynamic structure whose composition, shape, and volume changes, thereby significantly influencing neuronal function and the trans­ mission of information in the nervous system. The modern conception of the neuronal microenvironment is based on the results of research over the last 20 years. The extracellular space (ECS) is comprehended not only as a relatively stable microenvironment containing neurones and glial cells (Bernard 1878), but also as a channel for communica­ tion between them. The close proximity of the neuronal elements in the CNS and the narrowness of the intercellular spaces provides a basis not only for interaction between the elements themselves, but also between the elements and their microenvironment. Substances which can cross the cell membranes can easily find their way through the microenvironment to adjacent cellular elements. In this way the microenvironment can assure non-synaptic com­ munication between the relevant neurones. Signalization can be coded by modulation of the chemical composition of the ECS in the vicinity of the cell membrane and does not require classic connection by axones, dendrites, and synapses.

Reseña del editor

The modern conception of the microenvironment of nerve cells as a dynamic structure and communication channel is unequivocally reviewed in this book. This conception sees the microenvironment as a modulation channel, whose ionic and chemical composition and anatomic structure significantly influence the complex function of neurons and glial cells in the nervous tissue and sensory organs. Major importance is placed on the interrelationships among the three compartments:the neurons, the glial cells and the extracellular space. The results presented here of studies accumulated over the last 20 years deal with ionic changes in the neuronal microenvironment and discuss their physiological and pathophysiological significance.

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9780387545530: Progress in Sensory Physiology: 013

Vorgestellte Ausgabe

ISBN 10:  0387545530 ISBN 13:  9780387545530
Hardcover