Modelling with Transparent Soils: Visualizing Soil Structure Interaction and Multi Phase Flow, Non-Intrusively (Springer Series in Geomechanics and Geoengineering) - Hardcover

Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Magued Iskander, Ph.D., PE, F.ASCE, is a civil engineering professor at New York University (NYU) Tandon School of Engineering (formerly Polytechnic University/Institute, aka. Brooklyn Poly), where he has also served as the Chair of the Civil and Urban Engineering Department since 2013. Dr. Iskander holds a B.Sc. degree in Civil Engineering from Alexandria University and a Ph.D. degree in Civil (Geotechnical) Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin. He is a licensed professional engineer (PE) in the States of New York, New Jersey, and Wisconsin. Dr. Iskander is an internationally recognized geotechnical engineering expert. He authored 5 books, edited 11 books, and published over 250 papers including 100+ refereed journal articles dealing with foundations, experimental modeling with transparent soils, rapid penetration into granular media, seismic earth pressure, pedagogy, offshore geotechnics, urban geotechnology, and particle granulotremetry. Linzhu Li, Ph.D., is an assistant professor at Bradley University, Department of Civil and Construction Engineering. Dr. Li holds a bachelor of Engineering degree in Petroleum Exploration Technology and Engineering from Southwest Petroleum University in China. She received her Master's degree in Geotechnical Engineering from the Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT) and a Ph.D. Degree in Civil (Geotechnical Engineering) from the New York University (NYU). Dr. Li's research area includes Application of Dynamic Image Analysis (DIA) for granular sand particle size and shape analysis and Visualization of flow through porous transparent granular materials. She published 9 journal articles dealing with image processing, machine learning, and computational fluid mechanics in geotechnology. She also has been invited to make technical presentations at a variety of professional meetings and universities. Dr. Li is an affiliate member of the American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE).

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The fundamental premise of this monograph is that transparent synthetic materials with geotechnical properties similar to those of natural soils can be used to study 3D deformation and flow problems in natural soils. Transparent soils can be made by matching the refractive index of synthetic soil materials and the pore fluid. This monographs presents the geotechnical behaviour of several families of transparent soils that can be combined to meet model-test requirements, in terms of strength, deformation, or permeability.

"Modelling with Transparent Soils" demonstrates how an optical system consisting of a laser light, a CCD camera, a frame grabber, and a PC can be used to measure spatial deformations in transparent soil models non-intrusively. Transparent soil models are sliced optically using a laser light sheet. A distinctive speckle pattern is generated by the interaction of the laser light and transparent soil. A 2D deformation field is obtained from two speckle images by using an image processing technique named adaptive cross-correlation, which is an advanced form of the digital image cross-correlation (DIC) algorithm that utilizes both window sizing and window shifting methods. The monograph demonstrates that comparison of 2D deformation fields between transparent soil and natural soil showed that the results were comparable in almost every aspect. Three dimensional fields can be produced by combining multiple 2D fields in Matlab.

Multiphase flow and surfactant flushing tests were also simulated using a layered transparent soil systems and several contaminants.  The developed technology allows for visualizing the contamination concentration and evaluating the performance of remediation  technologies in bench scale model tests.