Contemporary Computer-Assisted Approaches to Molecular Structure Elucidation: Rsc (New Developments in Nmr, 1) - Hardcover

Elyashberg, Mikhail E.; Williams, Antony; Blinov, Kirill

 
9781849734325: Contemporary Computer-Assisted Approaches to Molecular Structure Elucidation: Rsc (New Developments in Nmr, 1)

Inhaltsangabe

Computer-Assisted Structure Elucidation (CASE) systems are a combination of software algorithms and tools to support and enable chemists and spectroscopists engaged in the process of molecular structure elucidation via the analysis of spectroscopic data. These expert systems dramatically reduce the time associated with structure elucidation and improve the reliability of the results. Contemporary Computer-Assisted Approaches to Molecular Structure Elucidation describes the principles on which these expert systems for spectroscopic structure elucidation are based and concisely explains the algorithmic concepts behind the programs. The authors use their own personal experiences in the development of the Structure Elucidator (StrucEluc) CASE software system to discuss the present state-of-the-art in computer-assisted structure elucidation. Scientists that are presently using CASE systems will be interested in the algorithms and modern approaches and for organizations that are currently using the StrucEluc platform the book is designed to help researchers understand the strategies behind CASE as well as details regarding the StrucEluc platform. For scientists that have never used CASE systems they will now have access to all necessary information to understand CASE systems for mastering this new and very effective approach to structure elucidation. The authors overall goal is writing this book is to produce the 'must read' definitive text that will represent the results of decades of work to develop computer-assisted structure elucidation software systems. CASE systems are now powerful software tools commonly outperforming and correcting human interpretations of data. This book will also provide an historical perspective of the work of the founding fathers of the technique and identify the challenges that have been overcome to produce modern CASE systems.

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Über die Autorinnen und Autoren

Professor Mikhail E. Elyashberg graduated from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Tomsk, Russia. He obtained a PhD from the Moscow Pedagogical University and Dr. Chem. Sci from the Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry at the Russian Academy of Sciences (GEOKHI RAS). He headed the Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy at the All-Russian Institute for Organic Synthesis in Moscow (1981-2001). Since 1995, has been the leading researcher at GEOKHI RAS and in 2001, he became Senior Scientist at Advanced Chemistry Development Ltd. (ACD) in Moscow. Professor Elyashberg is a Laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation, the highest scientific award in Russia. Antony J. Williams graduated with a BSc and PhD in chemistry from the University of Liverpool and University of London respectively. He subsequently became a Post-doctoral Fellow at the National Research Council in Ottawa and then an NMR Facility Director at the University of Ottawa. He has also worked as an NMR Technology Leader at Eastman-Kodak in Rochester and held a number of positions, including Chief Science Officer, at ACD/Labs. In 2007, he established ChemZoo, Inc and became host of ChemSpider, one of the primary internet portals for chemistry. ChemSpider was acquired by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in 2009 and Dr. Williams is currently Vice-President of Strategic Development at the RSC. Kirill A. Blinov received his MSc in Chemistry from Moscow State University. He started working on Computer-Assisted Structure Elucidation (CASE) systems in 1996 and is currently a senior scientist at Advanced Chemistry Development Inc. He is the primary architect of the ACD/Structure Elucidator software program and co-inventor of the indirect covariance processing algorithms used for the processing of 2D NMR spectroscopy data.



Professor Mikhail E. Elyashberg graduated from the Faculty of Physics at the University of Tomsk, Russia. He obtained a PhD from the Moscow Pedagogical University and Dr. Chem. Sci from the Institute of Geochemistry and Analytical Chemistry at the Russian Academy of Sciences (GEOKHI RAS). He headed the Laboratory of Molecular Spectroscopy at the All-Russian Institute for Organic Synthesis in Moscow (1981-2001). Since 1995, has been the leading researcher at GEOKHI RAS and in 2001, he became Senior Scientist at Advanced Chemistry Development Ltd. (ACD) in Moscow. Professor Elyashberg is a Laureate of the State Prize of the Russian Federation, the highest scientific award in Russia. Antony J. Williams graduated with a BSc and PhD in chemistry from the University of Liverpool and University of London respectively. He subsequently became a Post-doctoral Fellow at the National Research Council in Ottawa and then an NMR Facility Director at the University of Ottawa. He has also worked as an NMR Technology Leader at Eastman-Kodak in Rochester and held a number of positions, including Chief Science Officer, at ACD/Labs. In 2007, he established ChemZoo, Inc and became host of ChemSpider, one of the primary internet portals for chemistry. ChemSpider was acquired by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in 2009 and Dr. Williams is currently Vice-President of Strategic Development at the RSC. Kirill A. Blinov received his MSc in Chemistry from Moscow State University. He started working on Computer-Assisted Structure Elucidation (CASE) systems in 1996 and is currently a senior scientist at Advanced Chemistry Development Inc. He is the primary architect of the ACD/Structure Elucidator software program and co-inventor of the indirect covariance processing algorithms used for the processing of 2D NMR spectroscopy data.

Von der hinteren Coverseite

Computer-Assisted Structure Elucidation (CASE) systems are a combination of software algorithms and tools to support and enable chemists and spectroscopists engaged in the process of molecular structure elucidation via the analysis of spectroscopic data. These expert systems dramatically reduce the time associated with structure elucidation and improve the reliability of the results. Contemporary Computer-Assisted Approaches to Molecular Structure Elucidation describes the principles on which these expert systems for spectroscopic structure elucidation are based and concisely explains the algorithmic concepts behind the programs. The authors use their own personal experiences in the development of the Structure Elucidator (StrucEluc) CASE software system to discuss the present state-of-the-art in computer-assisted structure elucidation. Scientists that are presently using CASE systems will be interested in the algorithms and modern approaches and for organizations that are currently using the StrucEluc platform the book is designed to help researchers understand the strategies behind CASE as well as details regarding the StrucEluc platform. For scientists that have never used CASE systems they will now have access to all necessary information to understand CASE systems for mastering this new and very effective approach to structure elucidation. The authors overall goal is writing this book is to produce the 'must read' definitive text that will represent the results of decades of work to develop computer-assisted structure elucidation software systems. CASE systems are now powerful software tools commonly outperforming and correcting human interpretations of data.

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Contemporary Computer-Assisted Approaches to Molecular Structure Elucidation

By Mikhail Elyashberg, Antony Williams, Kirill Blinov

The Royal Society of Chemistry

Copyright © 2012 Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-84973-432-5

Contents

Acknowledgments,
Part I Computer-Assisted Structure Elucidation: Fundamentals,
Chapter 1 General Principles of CASE Systems,
Chapter 2 Cognitive Peculiarities of the Structure Elucidation Problem,
Chapter 3 Methods of NMR Spectrum Prediction and Structure Verification,
Chapter 4 Methods of Relative Stereochemistry Determination in CASE Systems,
Part II Examples of Case Expert Systems,
Chapter 5 CASE Expert Systems Based on 1D NMR Spectra,
Chapter 6 CASE 2D NMR-based Expert Systems,
Part III Expert System: Structure Elucidator,
Chapter 7 The Knowledge Base of the Structure Elucidator CASE System,
Chapter 8 Primary Data Processing: Preparation, Input and Checking,
Chapter 9 Approaches to Algorithmic Structure Elucidation,
Chapter 10 The Challenge of Non-Standard Spectral Responses and the Role of Fuzzy Structure Generation,
Chapter 11 Challenging Structure Elucidator,
Chapter 12 Structural Revisions of Natural Products with the Aid of the Structure Elucidator System,
Chapter 13 Comparison of Systematic CASE Systems versus a Traditional Approach,
Chapter 14 An Evaluation of the Performance of the Structure Elucidator System,
Chapter 15 Conclusions,
Subject Index,


CHAPTER 1

General Principles of CASE Systems


1.1 Statement of the Problem of Structure Elucidation

The first reports devoted to computer-assisted structure elucidation (CASE) were published by four independent groups of researchers in the late 1960s. Prior to describing CASE methods, we will consider the complex nature of the structure elucidation problem.

It is necessary to distinguish two different analytical problems that are associated with the structure elucidation of molecules. The first relates to the identification of a molecule that is assumed to be known already and whose physicochemical characteristics, specifically the associated spectral data, are included into collections of reference data. In this case the solution is found by searching through the reference data and comparing the data measured for the unknown with the available reference data. Most frequently the search is performed using one or more of the mass spectrometry (MS), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) or infrared (IR) spectra of the unknown. The second problem is much more challenging and supposes that the unknown is a novel compound synthesized or isolated for the first time. The methods of solving these two problems are quite different. Therefore the first step is the assignment of a given unknown to one of the two mentioned categories. As we will see later in Section 1.6 specific procedures are used for this goal. This book will focus primarily on the structure elucidation of the new organic compounds.

The problem of elucidating the structure of a new compound can be divided into the two following sub-problems: (a) establishing the molecular formula, i.e. determine the type and number of each of the chemical elements making up the molecule, and (b) determining how the atoms are connected by chemical bonds of different multiplicities in the structure. Modern approaches for the determination of molecular formula are well established and based on high-resolution MS (HRMS). In general, they allow for the unambiguous determination of the molecular formula of an unkno

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