Environmental Forensics: Proceedings of the 2011 INEF Conference (Special Publications) - Hardcover

 
9781849733724: Environmental Forensics: Proceedings of the 2011 INEF Conference (Special Publications)
Hardcover
ISBN 10: 1849733724 ISBN 13: 9781849733724
Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2012

Inhaltsangabe

This publication includes peer-reviewed manuscripts from the 2011 International Network of Environmental Forensics (INEF) Conference held at St. John's College in Cambridge, UK. INEF is an organization founded by environmental forensic scientists for the express purpose of sharing and disseminating environmental forensic information to the international scientific community. Environmental forensic information presented at this conference included topics on contaminant age dating, the use of chemical and biological diagnostic markers for contaminant source identification, advancements in the use of petroleum hydrocarbon pattern recognition techniques, the availability of surrogate chemicals to identify the age of a contaminant release, the identification and application of chemical impurities for source identification and advancements in compound specific isotopic analysis, especially related to chlorinated solvent releases. All of these topics were presented in terms of their applications in contaminant releases throughout the world in terrestrial and marine environments. This professionally edited book is the second of a series of INEF conference publications chronicling the current state of the art in environmental forensics. The intent of this publication and subsequent INEF conference volumes is to capture the evolution of environmental forensic topics as a scientific discipline.

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Über die Autorinnen und Autoren

Robert Morrison has a B.S. in Geology, a M.S. in Environmental Studies, a M.S. in Environmental Engineering and a Ph.D. in Soil Physics from the University of Wisconsin at Madison. He has worked for 38 years as an environmental consultant on projects related to soil and groundwater contamination, including site investigations and remediation. His current specialization is in the forensic review and interpretation of scientific data for the purpose of identifying the source and age of a contaminant release. Gwen O'Sullivan is currently an environmental chemist with Trium Environmental Solutions Inc. (TRIUM). In this role she is responsible for project management, business development, litigation support, and independent scientific investigation. She has B.Sc. in Environmental Sciences from University of Limerick in 1999, and a Ph.D from the Environmental Engineering Research Center within the department of Engineering at Queen's University of Belfast in 2004. She has worked on numerous projects and designed and managed environmental forensics investigations involving compounds of major concern.



Robert Morrison has a B.S. in Geology, a M.S. in Environmental Studies, a M.S. in Environmental Engineering and a Ph.D. in Soil Physics from the University of Wisconsin at Madison. He has worked for 38 years as an environmental consultant on projects related to soil and groundwater contamination, including site investigations and remediation. His current specialization is in the forensic review and interpretation of scientific data for the purpose of identifying the source and age of a contaminant release. Gwen O'Sullivan is currently an environmental chemist with Trium Environmental Solutions Inc. (TRIUM). In this role she is responsible for project management, business development, litigation support, and independent scientific investigation. She has B.Sc. in Environmental Sciences from University of Limerick in 1999, and a Ph.D from the Environmental Engineering Research Center within the department of Engineering at Queen's University of Belfast in 2004. She has worked on numerous projects and designed and managed environmental forensics investigations involving compounds of major concern.

Von der hinteren Coverseite

This publication includes peer-reviewed manuscripts from the 2011 International Network of Environmental Forensics (INEF) Conference held at St. John's College in Cambridge, UK. INEF is an organization founded by environmental forensic scientists for the express purpose of sharing and disseminating environmental forensic information to the international scientific community. Environmental forensic information presented at this conference included topics on contaminant age dating, the use of chemical and biological diagnostic markers for contaminant source identification, advancements in the use of petroleum hydrocarbon pattern recognition techniques, the availability of surrogate chemicals to identify the age of a contaminant release, the identification and application of chemical impurities for source identification and advancements in compound specific isotopic analysis, especially related to chlorinated solvent releases. All of these topics were presented in terms of their applications in contaminant releases throughout the world in terrestrial and marine environments. This professionally edited book is the second of a series of INEF conference publications chronicling the current state of the art in environmental forensics. The intent of this publication and subsequent INEF conference volumes is to capture the evolution of environmental forensic topics as a scientific discipline.

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Environmental Forensics

Proceedings of the 2011 INEF Conference

By Robert D. Morrison, Gwen O'Sullivan

The Royal Society of Chemistry

Copyright © 2012 The Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-84973-372-4

Contents

Environmental Forensics and Natural Resource Damages Allan Kanner and Robert Morrison, 1, 
Gasoline Differentiation in Water Table Free Product in a Neighbourhood of Mexico City D. Flores-Hernandez, L.L. Diaz-Gutierrez, MA. Amezcua-Alieri, V Shevnin, O. Delgado-Rodriguez, A. Rosas-Molina and S. Marin-Cordova, 12, 
A Forensic History of Dry Cleaning Equipment and Solvents Robert Morrison, 22, 
The History of Leaded Petrol in North America and Europe Gil Oudijk, 49, 
Advanced Site Investigations with 3D-CSIA Approach Reveal Multiple Sources Yi Wang, Jeff L. Newton and Amber Igoe, 64, 
Mass Balance Calculations for Retail Petroleum Tanks Brian L. Murphy and Farrukh M. Mohsen, 77, 
Resolution of a Comingled LNAPL Plume to Address Concerns of a Potential MTBE Release Jun Lun, 92, 
Visualization and Analysis of Environmental Forensic Data Benjamin L. Harris and Justin R. Hone, 103, 
Fingerprinting of Gas Contaminating Groundwater and Soil in a Petroliferous Region, Alberta, Canada Barbara Tilley and Karlis Muehlenbachs, 115, 
Fingerprinting Crude Oil Spills in Southern California Alan Jeffrey, 126, 
New Dimension of Pentacyclie Teriterpanes: Does Combustion Change the Chemical Structures of Compounds? M. Sakari, M. P. Zakaria and M. H. Abdullah, 137, 
Forensic Analysis of the Stable Carbon Isotope Fractionation During Abiotic Oxidation of Methyl Tert Butyl Ether Gwen O'Sullivan, Frank Keppler, John T. G. Hamilton and Robert M. Kalin, 151, 
Change of Atmospheric Concentrations and Source of Benzo(a)pyrene and 7-Nitrobenzene(a)pyrene in Kanazawa, A Typical Local City in Japan During 1999 and 2000 Ning Tang, Hirotaka Hama, Takayuki Kameda, Akira Toriba and Kazuichi Hayakawa, 163, 
Comparison of Atmospheric Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Selected Nitrated Derivatives in Egypt and Japan H.F. Nassar, T. Kameda, A. Toriba, and K. Hayakawa, 171, 
Volcanic Ash Deposition Across the UK: Evidence from Environmental Change Network Sites Helen. A. Watson, E.M. Delbos, J.J.C. Dawson and D. Monteith, 181, 
Prediction of Turbulent Transport using Variable Effective Diffusivities of VOC Vapor in Indoor Air Victoria Hilborne, 194, 
Linking Distribution of Soil PAHs to Location as a Forensic Tool Lorna. A. Dawson, S. M. Rhind, Z. L. Zhang, L. Poggion, C. E. Kyle, B. Mayes, I. Alders, M. Osprey, J. Ross and A. Cuthbert, 199, 
Isoscaping Soil Carbonate Across Northern Ireland Neil Ogle, D. J. Creamer and Luc Rock, 206, 
Tracing Higher Plant Inputs to Coastal Sediments: An Integrated Isotopic and Molecular Approach for Forensic Investigation Y. Eley, N. Pedentchouk and L. Dawson, 218, 
Carbon Disulphide - Contaminant or Biogenic Compound? A New Perspective Marcus W. Trett, R. Moss, B. Calvo and G. Wilkinson, 232, 
Assessing Changes to the Congener Profile of PCDD and PCDF During Bioaccumulation in Chicken and Duck Eggs David Megson and Sarah Dack, 244, 
Prediction of the Environmental Fate of Methylamphetamine Waste Lisa N. Kates, Caroline Gauchotte-Lindsay, Niamh Nic Daéid, Robert M. Kalin, Charles W. Knapp and Helen E. Keenan, 262, 
An Objective Method for Comparing Unresolved Complex Mixtures (UCM) 'Humps' in Gas Chromatograms Robert Mayes, 275, 
High Resolution Site Characterisation and Integration with Environmental Forensics Curt Stanley, and Ileana Rhodes, 285, 
Environmental Forensic Approach in Malaysia: An Analysis of Environmental Legislation Norhazni Mat Sari, Stephen Mudge, Mazlin bin Mokhtar and Zainudin Mohamed Shamsudin, 295, 
Source Apportionment of Industrial Fugitive Dusts: Developments in Passive Dust Monitoring Hugh Datson, Mike Fowler and Ben Williams, 319, 
Author Index, 332, 
Subject Index, 334,


CHAPTER 1

ENVIRONMENT AL FORENSICS AND NATURAL RESOURCE DAMAGES

A. Kanner and R.D. Morrison


1 INTRODUCTION

The overriding public interest in the preservation and reclamation of natural resources is one of the most important factors driving the rapid development of natural resource damages (NRD) programs in the United States. As the nature of the public interest in natural resources has evolved and strengthened, so has environmental legislation. The idea of having polluters pay to restore restorable resources is taking hold on both the state and federal level. Historically, this development marks another step in the evolution of environmental laws, and highlights the interests that drive those changes.


2 FOCUS ON THE ENVIRONMENT

The United States has always had environmental laws of a sort. For example, in State of New Jersey v. Ventron, the New Jersey Supreme Court briefly outlined the longstanding nature of environmental rules in New Jersey following industrialization:

One of the earliest antipollution statutes was "An Act to secure the purity of the public supplies of potable waters in this state," enacted in 1899. L.1899. c. 41, p. 73. This provision made punishable the discharge, whether directly into state waters, or onto the ice or the banks of any watercourse or tributary thereof, of any sewage, drainage, domestic or factory refuse, excremental or other polluting matter of any kind whatsoever which, either by itself or in connection with other matter was capable of impairing the quality of water that might find its way into the water supply of any municipality. Id.


The New Jersey legislature supplemented this protection in 1937, by enacting a much broader provision, now codified at N.J.S.A 23:5-28:

No person shall allow any dyestuff, coal tar, sawdust, tanbark, lime, refuse from gas houses, or other deleterious or poisonous substance to be turned into or allowed to run into any of the waters of this state in quantities destructive of life or disturbing the habits of the fish inhabiting the same, under penalty of two hundred dollars for each offense. N J.S A 23:5-28, L. 1937, c. 64, § 2,p. 176.

The 1937 act imposed strict liability on anyone who allowed a pollutant to escape into the waters of the state. The same story repeats itself throughout the United States. Public nuisance has been aggressively used as a basis for environmental laws for over a century.

The American bias in early days in favor of exploiting natural resources was always tempered by pragmatism and property rights. These pragmatic concerns included rules about industry not damaging private or municipal drinking water wells. Property rights also provided landowners with trumps against unreasonable neighbors. Legislation that undermined property rights was often challenged as impermissible government takings. These rules, despite their importance, are generally not considered to be environmental laws, as we currently use that term. Instead, the preservationism of President Teddy Roosevelt is viewed by many as the beginning of American environmentalism.

Initially, environmental efforts were prompted by such preservationist ideals -- the desire to maintain the "great" natural resources and save such sites from exploitation. For example, in the 1960s, the proposed construction of a dam in the Grand Canyon raised awareness about environmental protectionism -- the need to preserve the legacy of a nation's natural resources. Legislation...

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Verlag
Royal Society of Chemistry
Erscheinungsdatum
2012
Sprache
Englisch
ISBN 10 
1849733724
ISBN 13 
9781849733724
Einband
Gebundene Ausgabe
Anzahl der Seiten
345
Herausgeber
Morrison Robert D., O'Sullivan Gwen
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