Fluorinated Polymers: Applications (2) (Polymer Chemistry, 24, Band 2) - Hardcover

 
9781782629160: Fluorinated Polymers: Applications (2) (Polymer Chemistry, 24, Band 2)
Hardcover
ISBN 10: 1782629165 ISBN 13: 9781782629160
Verlag: Royal Society of Chemistry, 2016

Inhaltsangabe

Fluoropolymers display a wide range of remarkable properties and are used in a number of applications including high performance elastomers, thermoplastics, coatings for optical fibers, and hydrophobic and lipophobic surfaces.

Fluorinated Polymers: Applications covers the recent developments in the uses of fluoropolymers. Examples include materials for energy applications such as fuel cell membranes, lithium ion batteries and photovoltaics, as well as high-tech areas such as aerospace and aeronautics, automotives, building industries, textile finishings and electronics.

Written by internationally recognized academic and industrial contributors, the book will be of interest to those in industry and academia working in the fields of materials science, polymer chemistry and energy applications of polymers.

Together with Fluorinated Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, Processing and Simulation, these books provide a complete overview of different fluorinated polymer materials and their uses.

Die Inhaltsangabe kann sich auf eine andere Ausgabe dieses Titels beziehen.

Über die Autorin bzw. den Autor

Shanghai University, China

Von der hinteren Coverseite

Fluoropolymers display a wide range of remarkable properties and are used in a number of applications including high performance elastomers, thermoplastics, coatings for optical fibers, and hydrophobic and lipophobic surfaces.

Fluorinated Polymers: Applications covers the recent developments in the uses of fluoropolymers. Examples include materials for energy applications such as fuel cell membranes, lithium ion batteries and photovoltaics, as well as high-tech areas such as aerospace and aeronautics, automotives, building industries, textile finishings and electronics.

Written by internationally recognized academic and industrial contributors, the book will be of interest to those in industry and academia working in the fields of materials science, polymer chemistry and energy applications of polymers.

Together with Fluorinated Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, Processing and Simulation, these books provide a complete overview of different fluorinated polymer materials and their uses.

Aus dem Klappentext

Fluoropolymers display a wide range of remarkable properties and are used in a number of applications including high performance elastomers, thermoplastics, coatings for optical fibers, and hydrophobic and lipophobic surfaces.

Fluorinated Polymers: Applications covers the recent developments in the uses of fluoropolymers. Examples include materials for energy applications such as fuel cell membranes, lithium ion batteries and photovoltaics, as well as high-tech areas such as aerospace and aeronautics, automotives, building industries, textile finishings and electronics.

Written by internationally recognized academic and industrial contributors, the book will be of interest to those in industry and academia working in the fields of materials science, polymer chemistry and energy applications of polymers.

Together with Fluorinated Polymers: Synthesis, Properties, Processing and Simulation, these books provide a complete overview of different fluorinated polymer materials and their uses.

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Fluorinated Polymers Volume 2: Applications

By Bruno Ameduri, Hideo Sawada

The Royal Society of Chemistry

Copyright © 2017 The Royal Society of Chemistry
All rights reserved.
ISBN: 978-1-78262-916-0

Contents

Volume 1, 
SYNTHESIS, 
Chapter 1 Fluorinated Peroxides as Initiators of Fluorinated Polymers Shohei Yamazaki and Hideo Sawada, 3, 
Chapter 2 Fluoroalkylated Styrene Dimers: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications Masato Yoshida, 22, 
Chapter 3 Anionic Polymerization of Fluorinated Vinyl Monomers Tadashi Narita, 40, 
Chapter 4 Polyaddition of Fluorinated Vinyl Monomers Tadashi Narita, 72, 
Chapter 5 Semifluorinated Aromatic Polymers and Their Properties Susanta Banerjee and Anindita Ghosh, 103, 
Chapter 6 Synthesis of Fluoro-functional Conjugated Polymers by Electrochemical Methods Shinsuke Inagi, 190, 
Chapter 7 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide as Reaction Medium for Fluoropolymer Synthesis and Kinetic Investigations into Radical Polymerizations of VDF and HFP Benjamin Hosemann, Rebekka Siegmann and Sabine Beuermann, 211, 
PROPERTIES, 
Chapter 8 Structure-Property Relations in Semifluorinated Polymethacrylates D. Pospiech, D. Jehnichen, P. Chunsod, P. Friedel, F. Simon and K. Grundke, 235, 
Chapter 9 Preparation and Self-assembly of Amphiphilic Fluoropolymers Chun Feng and Xiaoyu Huang, 276, 
PROCESSING, 
Chapter 10 The Melt Viscosity Properties of Fluoroplastics - Correlations to Molecular Structure and Tailoring Principles Harald Kaspar, 309, 
SIMULATION, 
Chapter 11 Molecular Simulation of Fluorinated Telomer and Polymers, 361, 
Subject Index, 386, 
Volume 2, 
APPLICATIONS, 
Chapter 1 Industrial Aspects of Fluorinated Oligomers and Polymers Rudy Dams and Klaus Hintzer, 3, 
Chapter 2 Fluoroalkyl Acrylate Polymers and Their Applications Ikuo Yamamoto, 32, 
Chapter 3 Structural Diversity in Fluorinated Polyphosphazenes: Exploring the Change from Crystalline Thermoplastics to High-performance Elastomers and Other New Materials Harry R. Allcock, 54, 
Chapter 4 Fluoroplastics and Fluoroelastomers - Basic Chemistry and High-performance Applications Masahiro Ohkura and Yoshitomi Morizawa, 80, 
Chapter 5 Fluorinated Specialty Chemicals - Fluorinated Copolymers for Paints and Perfluoropolyethers for Coatings Taiki Hoshino and Yoshitomi Morizawa, 110, 
Chapter 6 Commercial Synthesis and Applications of Poly(Vinylidene Fluoride) James T. Goldbach, Ramin Amin-Sanayei, Wensheng He, James Henry, Walt Kosar, Amy Lefebvre, Gregory O'Brien, Diane Vaessen, Kurt Wood and Saeid Zerafati, 127, 
Chapter 7 The Role of Perfluoropolyethers in the Development of Polymeric Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells M. Sansotera, M. Gola, G. Dotelli and W. Navarrini, 158, 
Chapter 8 Fluorinated Ionomers and Ionomer Membranes: Monomer and Polymer Synthesis and Applications Takeshi Hirai and Yoshitomi Morizawa, 179, 
Chapter 9 Research and Non-major Commercial Co- and Terpolymers of Tetrafluoroethylene Daniel A. Hercules, Cameron A. Parrish and Joseph S. Thrasher, 206, 
Chapter 10 Chlorotrifluoroethylene Copolymers for Energy-applied Materials Bruno Ameduri, 265, 
Chapter 11 Fabrication of Flexible Transparent Nanohybrids with Heat-resistance Properties Using a Fluorinated Crystalline Polymer Atsuhiro Fujimori, 301, 
Chapter 12 Creation of Superamphiphobic, Superhydrophobic/Superoleophilic and Superhydrophilic/Superoleophobic Surfaces by Using Fluoroalkyl-endcapped Vinyltrimethoxysilane Oligomer as a Key Intermediate Hideo Sawada, 353, 
Subject Index, 366,


CHAPTER 1

Industrial Aspects of Fluorinated Oligomers and Polymers

RUDY DAMS AND KLAUS HINTZER


1.1 Introduction

In the early 1930s, researchers of IG-Farbenindustrie in Frankfurt (Germany) studied systematically the first polymerizations of fluoroethenes; the Hoechst researchers had already prepared polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE) and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), including copolymers, recognizing the outstanding properties of these polymers. The first patent application for a fluoropolymer was filed in October 1934 by Schloffer and Scherer. PTFE was also discovered in 1938 in the USA by Plunkett of E. I. DuPont de Nemours while investigating fluorinated refrigerants. The unique properties of PTFE were recognized during the Manhattan Project, where there was an urgent need for a material that would withstand the highly corrosive environment during the process of separating the isotopes of UF for the first atomic bomb. PTFE apparently fulfilled all the needs, spurring the development of processing and production methods for this unique polymer. In 1946, PTFE was commercialized by E. I. DuPont de Nemours under the trade name Teflon.

The unique properties of fluoropolymers are due to the fact that the polymer backbone is formed by strong carbon-carbon bonds (C-C ~ 340 kJ mol-1) and extremely stable carbon-fluorine bonds (C-F ~490 kJ mol-1; for comparison, C-H ~420 kJ mol-1). Substitution of fluorine for hydrogen in a material improves three key physical properties:

• increased service temperatures and reduced flammability;

• low surface energy, providing non-stick properties/anti-adhesiveness, low coefficient of friction, self-lubricating effects and lower solubility in hydrocarbons;

• excellent electrical and optical properties resulting in low high-frequency-loss rates and low refractive indices.

PTFE, PCTFE and all other fluoropolymers (see Table 1.2) gained immediate acceptance during commercialization in the various markets.

During the following decades, many fluoropolymers, including fluorothermoplastics and fluoroelastomers, were developed. The worldwide annual sales volume of fluoropolymers is today more than 230 000 tonnes (world consumption of fluoroplastics in 2012 was ~ 216 000 tonnes; world consumption of fluoroelastomers in 2009 was ~ 20 000 tonnes). The total market value is more than US$6 billion.

In contrast to the higher molecular weight polymers, oligomers are characterized by a low number of repeating units, usually less than 50, and a low molecular weight, often not higher than 20 000 Da (as measured by gel permeation chromatography).

Many synthetic routes to oligomers have been described, including radical oligomerization, oligocondensation, ionic oligomerization and ring-opening reactions. Telomerization is an oligomerization by a chain-transfer reaction, carried out in the presence of a large amount of chain-transfer agent, so that end-groups are essentially fragments of the chain-transfer agent. In Sections 1.2 and 1.3, some of the results of the research and development work carried out at 3M using functionalized fluorinated oligomers are discussed.


1.2 Fluorinated Monomers and Building Blocks

1.2.1 Fluorinated Monomers

All industrial routes for the synthesis of the five major C2/C3 fluoromonomers are based on chlorination/fluorination of C1/C2 hydrocarbons, mostly including a de(hydro)chlorination step at high temperature (Scheme 1.1).

Some of these manufacturing processes are fairly energy consuming (e.g. the preparation of 1 ton of TFE requires >10 000 kWh). Also, special care has to be taken in producing and handling TFE owing to its tendency to self-decompose into carbon and tetrafluoromethane. In Table 1.1 an overview of monomers to produce fluoropolymers is given.

A key-intermediate in the preparation of vinyl ethers and their oligomers is hexafluoropropylene oxide (HFPO). HFPO is...

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Verlag
Royal Society of Chemistry
Erscheinungsdatum
2016
Sprache
Englisch
ISBN 10 
1782629165
ISBN 13 
9781782629160
Einband
Gebundene Ausgabe
Anzahl der Seiten
450
Herausgeber
Ameduri Bruno, Sawada Hideo, Masuda Toshio
Kontakt zum Hersteller
Nicht verfügbar
Verantwortliche Person
preigu
mail@preigu.de

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